An advanced ocean observatory has been established in Lunenburg Bay of Nova Scotia, Canada as part of an interdisciplinary research project of marine environmental prediction. The development of a high-resolution coas...An advanced ocean observatory has been established in Lunenburg Bay of Nova Scotia, Canada as part of an interdisciplinary research project of marine environmental prediction. The development of a high-resolution coastal circulation model is one of important components of the observatory. The model horizontal resolution is 60 m and the vertical resolution is about 1 m. The coastal circulation model is used to simulate the semi-diurnal tidal circulation and associated nonlinear dynamics with the M2 forcing specified at the model open boundaries. The model is also used to simulate the storm-induced circulation in the bay during Hurricane Juan in September 2003, with the model forcing to be the combination of tides and remotely generated waves specified at the model open boundaries and wind stress applied at the sea surface. The model results demonstrate strong interactions between the local wind stress, tidal forcing, and remotely generated waves during this period. Comparison of model results with the surface elevation and current observations demonstrates that the coastal circulation model has reasonable skills in simulating the tidal and storm-induced circulation in the bay.展开更多
The five central cities-Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen-of the three most important strategic regions in China,namely Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region,the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl Riv...The five central cities-Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen-of the three most important strategic regions in China,namely Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region,the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,are taken as a comparative analysis on urban producer services' competitiveness,especially focusing on the comparative advantages and disadvantages of producer services in Beijing.Firstly,based on an integrated indicator system including one objective hierarchy,four standard hierarchies and 35 indicator hierarchies,the study applies factor analysis model and analytic hierarchy process model reformed by entropy technology to measure the comprehensive competitiveness of producer services in the above five cities.Secondly,Beijing has comparative advantages of capital resource,industrial base,scientific research resource and market scale,since it takes the first place of the five cities in the comprehensive competitiveness of producer services,the competitiveness of industrial development,business environment and living environment,only inferior to Shanghai in the competitiveness of talent capital.Thirdly,Beijing has comparative disadvantages in the level of producer services development,urban innovation capability and living environment.Finally,five proposals are put forth to enhance the competitiveness of producer services in Beijing,namely perfecting the system of laws and statutes,supporting the development of industry association,implementing scientific development planning,introducing preferential fiscal and taxation policies and strengthening human capital reserve.展开更多
After the linear analytical method of unsteady flow theory is further improved,an innovative and faster algorithm is introduced.The water storage in a confined aquifer is derived from the water transmissivity coeffici...After the linear analytical method of unsteady flow theory is further improved,an innovative and faster algorithm is introduced.The water storage in a confined aquifer is derived from the water transmissivity coefficient and the water-pressure conductivity coefficient.The water transmissivity coefficient is approximated by a Taylorseries expansion of drawdown,and the water-pressure conductivity coefficient is obtained by the average drawdown.In this algorithm,the distance of the observation points from the pumping well must be short.When the distance is as short as the radius of the main pumping well,the data of the drawdown difference between the sidewall and the center of pumping well are difficult to measure,but the same results can be achieved based on the assumption that the drawdown difference approximates to the drawdown of the observation wells at a radial distance from the pumping well according to the algorithm.Without the help of charts,this algorithm is more concise and efficient,which has been verified by the test of water pumping project in Tianjin Binhai International Airport.展开更多
This study was performed to compare storm surges/tide simulated by the regional and coastal storm surges/tide forecast system (RTSM (regional tide/storm surges model), CTSM (coastal tide/storm surges model)) usi...This study was performed to compare storm surges/tide simulated by the regional and coastal storm surges/tide forecast system (RTSM (regional tide/storm surges model), CTSM (coastal tide/storm surges model)) using two different inputs from weather models (RDAPS (Regional Data Assimilation and Prediction System) and KWRF (Korea Weather and Research Forecasting)) during two typhoons that occurred between 2007 and 2008. Both the RDAPS and KWRF are the operational weather forecasting system in KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration). The horizontal resolutions of RDAPS and KWRF are 30 and 10 km, respectively. The storm surges/tide was hind casted using sea wind and pressure fields of two Typhoons which was approaching Korean Peninsula. The CTSM using input from KWRF simulate very well the storm surges/tide pattern in the complex coastal areas. The result showed that the storm surges by the coastal storm surges/tide model with high resolution input was in well agreement with the observed sea level occurred by high tide and storm surges in the coastal areas.展开更多
Based on the concept of ecosystem carrying capacity,the indicator system of quantitative assessment was set up,which consisted of support indicator system and pressure indicator system.And the factor analysis method w...Based on the concept of ecosystem carrying capacity,the indicator system of quantitative assessment was set up,which consisted of support indicator system and pressure indicator system.And the factor analysis method was used to screen the indicator system.Different from the traditional indicator weight determination based on the absolute values of the coefficients of regression equation,the squares of factor loadings in the rotated component matrix were attempted to determine the weights of 40 assessment indicators.The result shows that ecological support system and pressure system in Binhai New Area are relatively balanced among six years,and the developing level of urban ecosystem is basically healthy on the whole.However,due to continuously increasing pressure of the resources consumption caused by the rapid growth of the second industry,which is the Leading Industry of Binhai New Area,the ecosystem carrying capacity reached the minimum in 2005.展开更多
In this study, weather condition data such as the monthly average temperature, relative moisture, wind speed, pressure and the calculated wind power values of Zonguldak, Sinop, Dtizce, Bartm, Kastamonu, Bolu and Karab...In this study, weather condition data such as the monthly average temperature, relative moisture, wind speed, pressure and the calculated wind power values of Zonguldak, Sinop, Dtizce, Bartm, Kastamonu, Bolu and Karabi^k cities located in western Black Sea region were examined for 10 year period (2001-2011). In the modeling of the weather conditions, linear regression analysis was used and the effect of temperature, relative moisture and pressure on wind speed was researched by non-linear regression method. Besides, in this study, the effect of roughness coefficient in cities of western Black Sea region was also taken into consideration and the wind power potentials in 10 m, 25 m and 50 m altitude were researched in detail with the help of WASP (Wind Atlas Analysis and Application) program. In the light of the values obtained by developed models and weather condition data, it was observed that some cities in the western Black Sea region have wind power potential with their effects on environment and energy.展开更多
基金This project is part of the CMEP project supported by the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Studies(CFCAS)J.S.is also supported bv NSERC,MARTEC(a Halifax based company),and the Meteorological Service of Canada(MSC)through the NSERC/MARTEC/MSC Industrial Research Chair in‘Regional Ocean M odelling and Prediction’.
文摘An advanced ocean observatory has been established in Lunenburg Bay of Nova Scotia, Canada as part of an interdisciplinary research project of marine environmental prediction. The development of a high-resolution coastal circulation model is one of important components of the observatory. The model horizontal resolution is 60 m and the vertical resolution is about 1 m. The coastal circulation model is used to simulate the semi-diurnal tidal circulation and associated nonlinear dynamics with the M2 forcing specified at the model open boundaries. The model is also used to simulate the storm-induced circulation in the bay during Hurricane Juan in September 2003, with the model forcing to be the combination of tides and remotely generated waves specified at the model open boundaries and wind stress applied at the sea surface. The model results demonstrate strong interactions between the local wind stress, tidal forcing, and remotely generated waves during this period. Comparison of model results with the surface elevation and current observations demonstrates that the coastal circulation model has reasonable skills in simulating the tidal and storm-induced circulation in the bay.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Crant No. 40971101Grant No.40871069)+1 种基金Mega-project of Science and Technology Research for the 11th Five Year Plan of China (Crant No.2006BAJ05A06No.2006BAJ14B02)
文摘The five central cities-Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen-of the three most important strategic regions in China,namely Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region,the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,are taken as a comparative analysis on urban producer services' competitiveness,especially focusing on the comparative advantages and disadvantages of producer services in Beijing.Firstly,based on an integrated indicator system including one objective hierarchy,four standard hierarchies and 35 indicator hierarchies,the study applies factor analysis model and analytic hierarchy process model reformed by entropy technology to measure the comprehensive competitiveness of producer services in the above five cities.Secondly,Beijing has comparative advantages of capital resource,industrial base,scientific research resource and market scale,since it takes the first place of the five cities in the comprehensive competitiveness of producer services,the competitiveness of industrial development,business environment and living environment,only inferior to Shanghai in the competitiveness of talent capital.Thirdly,Beijing has comparative disadvantages in the level of producer services development,urban innovation capability and living environment.Finally,five proposals are put forth to enhance the competitiveness of producer services in Beijing,namely perfecting the system of laws and statutes,supporting the development of industry association,implementing scientific development planning,introducing preferential fiscal and taxation policies and strengthening human capital reserve.
基金Supported by Major State Basic Research Development Program of China("973" Program,No.2010CB732106)
文摘After the linear analytical method of unsteady flow theory is further improved,an innovative and faster algorithm is introduced.The water storage in a confined aquifer is derived from the water transmissivity coefficient and the water-pressure conductivity coefficient.The water transmissivity coefficient is approximated by a Taylorseries expansion of drawdown,and the water-pressure conductivity coefficient is obtained by the average drawdown.In this algorithm,the distance of the observation points from the pumping well must be short.When the distance is as short as the radius of the main pumping well,the data of the drawdown difference between the sidewall and the center of pumping well are difficult to measure,but the same results can be achieved based on the assumption that the drawdown difference approximates to the drawdown of the observation wells at a radial distance from the pumping well according to the algorithm.Without the help of charts,this algorithm is more concise and efficient,which has been verified by the test of water pumping project in Tianjin Binhai International Airport.
文摘This study was performed to compare storm surges/tide simulated by the regional and coastal storm surges/tide forecast system (RTSM (regional tide/storm surges model), CTSM (coastal tide/storm surges model)) using two different inputs from weather models (RDAPS (Regional Data Assimilation and Prediction System) and KWRF (Korea Weather and Research Forecasting)) during two typhoons that occurred between 2007 and 2008. Both the RDAPS and KWRF are the operational weather forecasting system in KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration). The horizontal resolutions of RDAPS and KWRF are 30 and 10 km, respectively. The storm surges/tide was hind casted using sea wind and pressure fields of two Typhoons which was approaching Korean Peninsula. The CTSM using input from KWRF simulate very well the storm surges/tide pattern in the complex coastal areas. The result showed that the storm surges by the coastal storm surges/tide model with high resolution input was in well agreement with the observed sea level occurred by high tide and storm surges in the coastal areas.
文摘Based on the concept of ecosystem carrying capacity,the indicator system of quantitative assessment was set up,which consisted of support indicator system and pressure indicator system.And the factor analysis method was used to screen the indicator system.Different from the traditional indicator weight determination based on the absolute values of the coefficients of regression equation,the squares of factor loadings in the rotated component matrix were attempted to determine the weights of 40 assessment indicators.The result shows that ecological support system and pressure system in Binhai New Area are relatively balanced among six years,and the developing level of urban ecosystem is basically healthy on the whole.However,due to continuously increasing pressure of the resources consumption caused by the rapid growth of the second industry,which is the Leading Industry of Binhai New Area,the ecosystem carrying capacity reached the minimum in 2005.
文摘In this study, weather condition data such as the monthly average temperature, relative moisture, wind speed, pressure and the calculated wind power values of Zonguldak, Sinop, Dtizce, Bartm, Kastamonu, Bolu and Karabi^k cities located in western Black Sea region were examined for 10 year period (2001-2011). In the modeling of the weather conditions, linear regression analysis was used and the effect of temperature, relative moisture and pressure on wind speed was researched by non-linear regression method. Besides, in this study, the effect of roughness coefficient in cities of western Black Sea region was also taken into consideration and the wind power potentials in 10 m, 25 m and 50 m altitude were researched in detail with the help of WASP (Wind Atlas Analysis and Application) program. In the light of the values obtained by developed models and weather condition data, it was observed that some cities in the western Black Sea region have wind power potential with their effects on environment and energy.