哀歌声怆大地寒——评刘鳌石《天潮阁集》

刘坊是闽西上杭的亡明爱国诗人,他一生不仕不娶、孤高傲世、崇尚忠义、劝政为民、怡情山水。所著诗文《天潮阁集》被近世柳亚子称之为"足以惊天地而泣鬼神"。刘坊不愧为明清之际的杰出文人,足以让闽西人感到自豪。

引潮位展开中的面球谐函数及其递推公式

为了引潮位展开，文中定义了一种完全规格化的面球谐函数，同时根据勒让德（Ｌｅｇｅｎｄｒｅ）函数以及契比雪夫（Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ）多项式之递推公式，导出一组面球谐函数的递推公式．据此改进引潮位计算程序，使引潮位展开在ＰＣ－５８６计算机上只需要不到１０ｍｉｎ时间即可完成．完全规格化的面球谐函数可以起到规格化的作用，没有必要再继续采用杜德森（Ｄｏｏｄｓｏｎ）规格化．即使采用，也没有必要使用严格的小数值，取其相近的整数值即可．以完全规格化的缔合球谐函数代替Ｄｏｏｄｓｏｎ规格化，并借助面球谐函数的递推公式，使引潮位的表达式更加简洁、规范．文中对高精度潮汐计算中的一些重要问题进行了讨论，指出以往在Ｄｏｏｄｓｏｎ常数归算上存在的误区，还就天体与测站坐标系统的一致性问题进行了讨论．

Forecast of Red Tide in the South China Sea by Using the Variation Trend of Hydrological and Meteorological Factors

Many studies point out that weather conditions involving temperature, wind power, monsoon transform, air pressure, sea condition, tide, ocean current, salinity, eutrophic environment and so on are key factors causing Red Tide. In the red tide high frequency areas of the South China Sea, the eutrophic environment of sea water has already existed, so the key elements such as meteorological and hydrological conditions play an importance role in the occurrence of red tide. The atmospheric circulation maintenance and variation decide whether meteorological phenomena, and hydrological key elements stabilize or change. Moreover, the red tide organisms＇ breeding from the initial stage to the blooming reproduction stage, until reaching the biological density of the red tide, generally takes 4 - 5 days. In the paper, the red tide examples are analyzed in the past 10 years, and the weather circulation situation and hydro-meteorological key elements of it are counted to find the previous circulation mode and bring out important factors inducing the blooming of red tide. The predicted result in 2003 according to this method was satisfactory.

Characteristic analysis of Tianjin offshore tide

Tidal data of Tanggu marine environment monitoring stations for 59 years （1950-2008） was processed by using harmonic analysis, harmonic constants curves were discussed. And by using FFT spectral analysis periodicity and causation of its harmonic constants were analyzed. Alter astronomic tide signal was eliminated, residual water level was decomposed by using FFT spectral analysis, and then we got the periodic variation of mean residual water level over the past 50 years and discussed mean sea level changing trends of Tianjin offshore. The results show that variety of amplitude of M2 tidal constituent reveals 20 years, 4-6 years, 2-3-year periods, and it was obviously influenced by engineering construction since reform and opening age. Residual water level fluctuations reveal 20 years, 5-6 years, 2-3 years and 1 year periods. Sea level of Tianjin offshore displays a progressive ascending trend with rate about 3.4mm/a, which was influenced mainly by sea level rise and land subsidence.

Statistical and causes analysis of storm surges along Tianjin coast during the past 20 years

Based on tidal data statistical analysis for 20 years of Tanggu Marine Environmental Monitoring Station from 1991 to 2010, we concluded that an average of nearly 10 days of 100 cm above water increase took place at Tianjin coast every year. The maximum high tide and average tide of Tianjin coast occurred in summer and autumn, and the maximum water increase also occurred in summer and autumn. Days with water increase more than 100 cm mostly occurred in spring, autumn and winter. Then we summarized the causes of coastal storm surge disaster in Tianjin based on astronomical tide factors, meteorological factors, sea level rise, land subsidence, and geographic factors, et al. Finally, we proposed storm surge disaster prevention measures.

A Preliminary Study on the Use of NCEP Temperature Images and Additive Tectonic Stress from Astro-Tidal-Triggering to Forecast Short-Impending Earthquakes

Taking the three earthquakes which occurred in Tibet, China during the period of July 12 to August 25, 2004 as an example,the paper analyses the M_S≥6.0 earthquakes that occurred in China and M_S≥7.0 earthquakes that occurred overseas since May of 2003 by combining the image data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction of America(NCEP)with the additive tectonic stress from astro-tidal-triggering (ATSA) and makes the following conclusions: The abnormal temperature image data of NCEP can better reflect the spatial-temporal evolution process of tectonic earthquake activity; The ATSA has an evident triggering effect on the activity of a fault when the terra stress is in critical status; using the NCEP images and the ATSA to forecast short-impending earthquake is a new concept; The three earthquakes occurred during the same phase of the respective ATSA cycle, i.e. that occurred at the time when the ATSA reached the relatively steady end of a peak, rather than at the time when the variation rate was maximal. In addition, the author discovered that the occurrence time of other earthquake cases during 2003～2004 in Tibet was also in the same phase of the above-mentioned cycles, and therefore, further study of this feature is needed with more earthquake cases in other areas over longer periods of time.

A study on abnormal temperature variation of the earthquake in Jiujiang, China （2005） according＇to additive tectonics stress

A variation model of additive tectonics stress caused by celestial tide-generating force is put forward to explain its relationship with seismic fault sliding. Based on the model, the temperature data from National Center for Environmental Prediction （NCEP） before and after the earthquake in Jiujiang （China） on Nov.26, 2005 are studied. The figure of the temperature variation describes the effect of celestial tide-generating force on fault plane. The variation＇of temperature is not only associated with the seismic deformation but also in step with the evolution of fi＇iction of rock under the stress. The abnormal change of temperature can be used in the studies of short- impending earthquakes.

A Statistical Analysis on Recent Tidal Triggering of the Earthquake in the Tianshan Seismic Zone

A statistical analysis is done to study the spatio-temporai features of earthquake activity in the Tianshan seismic belt triggered by tide, based on Schuster＇s test. The data we choose is the ML ≥2. 0 earthquakes from January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2012 in eastern Tianshan, and the calculation is on tidal body stress. The results show that the p-value based on the time window smoothing of Schuster＇s test corresponds better with the strong earthquakes in the Tianshan seismic belt, especially for a long time before the November 1, 2011 Nilka Ms6. 0 earthquake, when the p-value of the Schuster＇s test was always lower than the threshold of 0. 05 for tidal trigger of earthquake, but after the Niika Ms6. 0 earthquake, that value was quickly restored to a high level, which reflects a close relationship between the Nilka Ms6. 0 earthquake and the Earth tide. According to the p-value based on the spatial window smoothing of Schuster＇s test, the Nilka Ms6. 0 earthquake was at or near the tidal triggering area. Thus we can see from the spatio-temporal results that the Nilka Ms6. 0 earthquake was obviously triggered by Earth fide.

High Resolution Regional and Coastal Operational Storm Surges/Tide Forecasting System in Korea

This study was performed to compare storm surges/tide simulated by the regional and coastal storm surges/tide forecast system （RTSM （regional tide/storm surges model）, CTSM （coastal tide/storm surges model）） using two different inputs from weather models （RDAPS （Regional Data Assimilation and Prediction System） and KWRF （Korea Weather and Research Forecasting）） during two typhoons that occurred between 2007 and 2008. Both the RDAPS and KWRF are the operational weather forecasting system in KMA （Korea Meteorological Administration）. The horizontal resolutions of RDAPS and KWRF are 30 and 10 km, respectively. The storm surges/tide was hind casted using sea wind and pressure fields of two Typhoons which was approaching Korean Peninsula. The CTSM using input from KWRF simulate very well the storm surges/tide pattern in the complex coastal areas. The result showed that the storm surges by the coastal storm surges/tide model with high resolution input was in well agreement with the observed sea level occurred by high tide and storm surges in the coastal areas.

Hydrophobicity and carbonation treatment of earthen monuments in humid weather condition

Water stability of soil is crucial to the durability of earthen monuments,especially those located in the humid weather condition.This paper discusses the selection reason of materials(tung oil and quicklime) for earthen monument treatment,and then validates the applicability of these materials with tests of soil-water characteristic curve(SWCC),aggregate stability test(AST) and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The soil tested was sampled from Da Bao'en temple in Nanjing,Jiangsu province,China.The test results indicate that the carbonation reaction of quicklime offers a favorable environment for the formation of tung oil film.Meanwhile,the regulatory function of tung oil restricts the crystallinity of calcium carbonate(CaCO3) and forms fine crystals.Soil treated with both of tung oil and quicklime has good water repellency and aggregate stability without obvious changing in aesthetic appearance.Hydrophobicity and carbonation treatment can be applied prospectively in the conservation of earthen monument located in humid weather condition.