簇中微气候对天然彩茧家蚕品种茧丝质的影响

研究了不同微气候条件对天然彩色茧品种"蜀黄1号"蚕茧质量和茧丝质量的影响。结果表明:随温度升高、湿度加大和通风不良,普通茧率、全茧量、茧层量、茧层率等茧质指标均下降;鲜茧出丝率、纤度和净度受簇中微环境影响较小;高湿、高热叠加使粒茧丝长急剧变短;解舒率随温度升高、湿度加大和通风不良而明显降低。适合于"蜀黄1号"的最佳簇中环境为温度24℃、相对湿度70%、自然通风。在此条件下重要质量指标均达到最佳:普茧率95.12%,茧层量0.432 g,茧层率22.62%,粒茧丝长1154 m,解舒率79.24%,鲜茧出丝率18.46%。

天然彩茧蚕种

淡绿、橘黄、浅红、金黄……用这些天然彩色蚕茧丝无需染色而织成色彩斑斓的绸缎,兼具华美外观和环保内质。苏州大学农业科技学院的科研人员通过基因重组法选育高产彩色茧蚕品种获成功,第一批10张天然彩茧蚕种已于2003年11月底在中国华源集团江苏新沂基地喜获丰收,张种产茧量超过40千克。

精练对广西天然黄色家蚕茧性能的影响

研究了广西天然黄色家蚕茧的茧型、练减率,探讨了精练对其回潮率、拉伸性能的影响。通过观察SEM、傅立叶红外光谱、X-射线衍射图谱,分析精练对广西天然黄色家蚕丝晶态结构的影响,并与广西天然白色家蚕丝进行了比较分析。结果表明:天然黄色家蚕茧茧型较小,练减率为21.47%,精练前后回潮率分别为9.25%和7.85%,拉伸断裂强度分别为33.54 cN/tex和26.05 cN/tex,精练对天然黄色、白色家蚕丝的晶态结构影响均不显著。

家蚕斑纹茧色特色育种素材创制及应用

利用野桑蚕和家蚕地方种质资源,采用杂交、自交分离和系统选育的方法,创制出一批幼虫斑纹限性、茧色天然彩色的育种素材,丰富了家蚕新品种培育的亲本选择。结果表明,幼虫斑纹限性材料可以根据幼虫斑纹特征区别雌雄蚕;彩色蚕茧色彩天成,健康、环保。利用这些素材,培育出多对突破性特色家蚕新品种。

Breeding of a Natural Colored-Cocoon Bombyx mori Variety Shuhuang No.1

[Objective] This study aimed to develop a new Bombyx mori variety Shuhuang No.1 and investigate its characteristics.[Method] The new variety was developed through cross breeding and pedigree separation.Its characteristics were identified by laboratory tests and rural promotion practices in Sichuan Province.[Result]The cocoon produced by the new variety Shuhuang No.1 was golden-yellow and radiantly beautiful.Shuhuang No.1 was strong and easy to rear,uniform in development.The male and female ones could be distinguished by their larval color and markings.The cocoon yield per 10 000 the 4th instar larvae reached 20.30 kg; the length of a cocoon filament was about 1 115.0 m,and a non-broken filament was 882.95 mm long,accounting for 79.15％ of the total length.The raw silk ratio of fresh cocoon was 18.39％,and the neatness was 91.25 point.The main economic features of Shuhuang No.1 were better than those of the control.[Conclusion] The new variety had been approved by Sichuan Silkworm Evaluation Commission.It can be promoted in parent silkworm rearing areas Sichuan,Chongqing,Yangtze River basin.