Coalbed methane(CBM) commercial development requires choosing the arrangement of the wells.This should be done by considering the corresponding input-output(investment-profit) efficiencies.Simulations were obtained fr...Coalbed methane(CBM) commercial development requires choosing the arrangement of the wells.This should be done by considering the corresponding input-output(investment-profit) efficiencies.Simulations were obtained from the computer modeling group(CMG) given the reservoir conditions of the Panzhuang block in the southern part of the Qinshui Basin.This is a demonstration region for CBM development located in Shanxi province of northern China.The sensitivity of gas production from a single vertical well to the primary reservoir parameters was estimated first.Then multi-well gas production from three different well patterns was simulated to estimate the most appropriate well spacing.Combining the investment requirements then gave investment-profit efficiencies for these well patterns.A data envelopment analysis(DEA) model was used to optimize the efficiency.The results show that the permeability,the reservoir pressure,and the gas content have an evident impact on single well gas production.The desorption time has little or no affect on production.The equilateral triangular well pattern(ETWP) in a 400 m well spacing is,for multi-well development,the optimal pattern.It has a better input-output ratio,a longer stable yield time,and provides for greater CBM recovery than does either the rectangular well pattern(RWP) or the five point well pattern(FPWP).展开更多
After more than 30 years of rapid growth, the Chinese economy has entered the "new normal" of moderately high growth. Due to the effects of multiple factors, the international oil price has remained consiste...After more than 30 years of rapid growth, the Chinese economy has entered the "new normal" of moderately high growth. Due to the effects of multiple factors, the international oil price has remained consistently low. The low oil price has exerted critical effects on international natural gas investment. At the same time, the market-oriented price mechanism of natural gas in China is gradually taking shape; the concept of low carbon development is widely advocated; and the use of natural gas gains popularity in the city. Such factors provide great opportunities for investment in the natural gas market of China, including boiler coal-to-gas transformation, natural gas distributed energy and natural gas vehicles. However, risks also exist, such as the lower competitiveness of natural gas, its excess production capacity and dwindling consumption in some gas consumption industries, an insufficient driving force for facilitating the coal-to-gas transformation of industrial fuel users, reverse substitution of "coal in place of gas" in some enterprises, nontransparent costs of the downstream link of the natural gas price chain, and mismatches and nonsynchronous adjustments in natural gas prices and electricity prices.展开更多
A rise in Chinese investment is leading to development of the resource-rich country–Papua New Guinea.With more than 60 percent of the landmass in Papua New Guinea still to be explored,particularly in the oil and gas ...A rise in Chinese investment is leading to development of the resource-rich country–Papua New Guinea.With more than 60 percent of the landmass in Papua New Guinea still to be explored,particularly in the oil and gas sector,it is not surprising that the country is attracting so much international interest.展开更多
This paper, using multiple-Hubbert model, forecasts oil production trend of Iran with special focus on Iran＇s insufficient investment for developing recently discovered oilfields and overproduction from mature oilfie...This paper, using multiple-Hubbert model, forecasts oil production trend of Iran with special focus on Iran＇s insufficient investment for developing recently discovered oilfields and overproduction from mature oilfields. This is mostly due to Iran＇s political and technical limitations to carry out oil and gas projects. The trend of Iran＇s oil production has been forecasted based on a multi-cycle modified Hubbert. Three different scenarios have been assumed. In the first scenario, it is assumed that Iran does not have any limitations to carry out oil and gas projects and develop its oilfields. International sanctions and lack of foreign investment have been taken into account in the second scenario. Overproduction from currently producing mature oilfields and its effect on production trend is investigated in the third scenario. The most important parameter to forecast oil production trend is URR （ultimate recoverable resource）. URR of Iran has been estimated by parabolic fractal curve. Here, based on the plotted parabolic fractal curve for the oil fields, amount of URR of Iran has been calculated that is around 200 Gb. First scenario has two peaks while the second and third scenarios have three peaks. All of the scenarios have forecasted Iran＇s first peak in 1975 at annual production rate of 2 Gb/Year. Based on first scenario, Iran＇s second peak will occur in 2029 at 2.334 Gb/Year. Second scenario has forecasted Iran＇s second and third peaks in 2011 at 1.575 Gb/Year and in 2064 at 2.205 Gb/Year respectively, and third scenario＇s peaks have been estimated to occur in 2011 at 1.573 Gb/Year and in 2061 at 2.030 Gb/Year.展开更多
This paper describes a new micro-combined cooling, heating and power （CCHP） system, which is especially suitable for domestic and light commercial applications. It mainly consists of a natural gas-fired internal com...This paper describes a new micro-combined cooling, heating and power （CCHP） system, which is especially suitable for domestic and light commercial applications. It mainly consists of a natural gas-fired internal combustion engine, a silica gel-water adsorption chiller and other heat recovery units. In order to study the energy efficiency and economic feasibility, an experimental investigation has been carried out. The experimental system has a rated electricity power of 12 kW, a rated cooling capacity of 9 kW and a rated heating capacity of 28 kW. Evaluation and analysis of the system are discussed in detail. The testing results show that the energy efficiency of the overall system depends on different modes. The overall thermal and electrical efficiency is over 70%. Higher heat load supplied causes higher efficiency of the system. Economic evaluation shows that the micro-CCHP system enjoys a small capital cost and short payback period, which is easily accepted by customers. At current natural gas price of 1.9 RMB/m^3 （nominal condition） and electric price of 0.754 RMB/（kW.h）, the total capital cost is only 90 000 RMB with a payback period of 3.21 years.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40972207)the National Science and Technology Major Projects (No. 2011ZX05034-005)the PAPD of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Coalbed methane(CBM) commercial development requires choosing the arrangement of the wells.This should be done by considering the corresponding input-output(investment-profit) efficiencies.Simulations were obtained from the computer modeling group(CMG) given the reservoir conditions of the Panzhuang block in the southern part of the Qinshui Basin.This is a demonstration region for CBM development located in Shanxi province of northern China.The sensitivity of gas production from a single vertical well to the primary reservoir parameters was estimated first.Then multi-well gas production from three different well patterns was simulated to estimate the most appropriate well spacing.Combining the investment requirements then gave investment-profit efficiencies for these well patterns.A data envelopment analysis(DEA) model was used to optimize the efficiency.The results show that the permeability,the reservoir pressure,and the gas content have an evident impact on single well gas production.The desorption time has little or no affect on production.The equilateral triangular well pattern(ETWP) in a 400 m well spacing is,for multi-well development,the optimal pattern.It has a better input-output ratio,a longer stable yield time,and provides for greater CBM recovery than does either the rectangular well pattern(RWP) or the five point well pattern(FPWP).
基金Fund project:"Development Research Center of Oil and Gas,Sichuan"(NO.SKY17-04)
文摘After more than 30 years of rapid growth, the Chinese economy has entered the "new normal" of moderately high growth. Due to the effects of multiple factors, the international oil price has remained consistently low. The low oil price has exerted critical effects on international natural gas investment. At the same time, the market-oriented price mechanism of natural gas in China is gradually taking shape; the concept of low carbon development is widely advocated; and the use of natural gas gains popularity in the city. Such factors provide great opportunities for investment in the natural gas market of China, including boiler coal-to-gas transformation, natural gas distributed energy and natural gas vehicles. However, risks also exist, such as the lower competitiveness of natural gas, its excess production capacity and dwindling consumption in some gas consumption industries, an insufficient driving force for facilitating the coal-to-gas transformation of industrial fuel users, reverse substitution of "coal in place of gas" in some enterprises, nontransparent costs of the downstream link of the natural gas price chain, and mismatches and nonsynchronous adjustments in natural gas prices and electricity prices.
文摘A rise in Chinese investment is leading to development of the resource-rich country–Papua New Guinea.With more than 60 percent of the landmass in Papua New Guinea still to be explored,particularly in the oil and gas sector,it is not surprising that the country is attracting so much international interest.
文摘This paper, using multiple-Hubbert model, forecasts oil production trend of Iran with special focus on Iran＇s insufficient investment for developing recently discovered oilfields and overproduction from mature oilfields. This is mostly due to Iran＇s political and technical limitations to carry out oil and gas projects. The trend of Iran＇s oil production has been forecasted based on a multi-cycle modified Hubbert. Three different scenarios have been assumed. In the first scenario, it is assumed that Iran does not have any limitations to carry out oil and gas projects and develop its oilfields. International sanctions and lack of foreign investment have been taken into account in the second scenario. Overproduction from currently producing mature oilfields and its effect on production trend is investigated in the third scenario. The most important parameter to forecast oil production trend is URR （ultimate recoverable resource）. URR of Iran has been estimated by parabolic fractal curve. Here, based on the plotted parabolic fractal curve for the oil fields, amount of URR of Iran has been calculated that is around 200 Gb. First scenario has two peaks while the second and third scenarios have three peaks. All of the scenarios have forecasted Iran＇s first peak in 1975 at annual production rate of 2 Gb/Year. Based on first scenario, Iran＇s second peak will occur in 2029 at 2.334 Gb/Year. Second scenario has forecasted Iran＇s second and third peaks in 2011 at 1.575 Gb/Year and in 2064 at 2.205 Gb/Year respectively, and third scenario＇s peaks have been estimated to occur in 2011 at 1.573 Gb/Year and in 2061 at 2.030 Gb/Year.
基金the State Key Fundamental Research Program (No. G2000026309)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (No. 50225621)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20040248055)
文摘This paper describes a new micro-combined cooling, heating and power （CCHP） system, which is especially suitable for domestic and light commercial applications. It mainly consists of a natural gas-fired internal combustion engine, a silica gel-water adsorption chiller and other heat recovery units. In order to study the energy efficiency and economic feasibility, an experimental investigation has been carried out. The experimental system has a rated electricity power of 12 kW, a rated cooling capacity of 9 kW and a rated heating capacity of 28 kW. Evaluation and analysis of the system are discussed in detail. The testing results show that the energy efficiency of the overall system depends on different modes. The overall thermal and electrical efficiency is over 70%. Higher heat load supplied causes higher efficiency of the system. Economic evaluation shows that the micro-CCHP system enjoys a small capital cost and short payback period, which is easily accepted by customers. At current natural gas price of 1.9 RMB/m^3 （nominal condition） and electric price of 0.754 RMB/（kW.h）, the total capital cost is only 90 000 RMB with a payback period of 3.21 years.
