The growth of industry and services occurred on a world scale in recent decades, is correlated to large events that propel whole nations to think of local development strategies, integrated and sustainable, based on s...The growth of industry and services occurred on a world scale in recent decades, is correlated to large events that propel whole nations to think of local development strategies, integrated and sustainable, based on structural and conjunctural changes, and brought on by human factors or natural causes in dependent of the human will, and lies in the context of innovative models of supply chain arrangements, as is the case of participatory governance network of production of oil and gas. The present study aim is identify and analyze the impacts, local and regional, due to the introduction of the production of oil and gas （originating layer known aspre-salt） in the city of Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The current state of development of a software monitoring indicator is aimed at assessing the present stage and monitor the process of participatory governance in the network of production of oil and gas in Santo is presented here.展开更多
Growth kinetics of the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate,calcite,has been studied in seeded stirred batch experiments in MEG-water solutions at 40 ℃ and 70 ℃,conditions relevant for the processing of natura...Growth kinetics of the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate,calcite,has been studied in seeded stirred batch experiments in MEG-water solutions at 40 ℃ and 70 ℃,conditions relevant for the processing of natural gas.It was found that MEG changes the growth order from two in pure water to one in solvent mixtures of MEG and water.Assuming parabolic growth (growth order is equal to two),it could be shown that MEG decreases the growth rate constant for calcite from 0.52 nm/s to 0.11 nm/s (70 ℃) when the MEG-content is increased from 0 wt% MEG to 65 wt% MEG.Decreasing the temperature from 70 ℃ to 40 ℃ has a similar effect on the growth rate constant as raising the level of MEG to 65 wt%.展开更多
Nigeria is richly endowed with crude oil and natural gas deposits, which are the country＇s main source of energy and foreign exchange earnings. These deposits are concentrated at the Niger Delta region which has attr...Nigeria is richly endowed with crude oil and natural gas deposits, which are the country＇s main source of energy and foreign exchange earnings. These deposits are concentrated at the Niger Delta region which has attracted the presence of multinational oil/gas companies to the area. This paper analyses the impact of oil and gas development on the rich biological diversity of the region and its consequences on the development of the region and the nation at large. The paper further reviews the abject poverty of the oil/gas producing communities whose source of livelihoods, fisheries resources, agricultural soils/farmlands, forests, clean water, fresh air and housing are being destroyed due to poor energy resource management. The magnitude of destruction and frustration is reflected in unending conflict and insecurity in the region leading to many shut-in productions which pose a governance challenge as the country＇s economy and development is heavily dependent on oil and gas production.展开更多
Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated/polluted soils has been recognized as an efficient, economic, versatile and environmentally good treatment. This method is limited by the microorganisms activity i...Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated/polluted soils has been recognized as an efficient, economic, versatile and environmentally good treatment. This method is limited by the microorganisms activity in degrading the spills hydrocarbons. Low solubility of the hydrocarbons involves low bioavailability to microorganisms. The main objective of this research is to increase biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by treating the crude oil polluted soil with the natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum. Biodegradation was quantified by total petroleum hydrocarbons （TPH） analyses. The paper presents data obtained in biodegradation process of an artificial polluted soil with 5% and 10% crude oil, treated with a natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum during two years of experiment. Biodegradation process takes time to rehabilitate and reuse of the soil in agricultural scopes.展开更多
There are ambiguities and uncertainties in the recognition of gas hydrate seismic reflections and in quantitative predictions of physical information of natural gas hydrate reservoirs from seismic data. Rock physical ...There are ambiguities and uncertainties in the recognition of gas hydrate seismic reflections and in quantitative predictions of physical information of natural gas hydrate reservoirs from seismic data. Rock physical modelling is a bridge that transforms the seismic information of geophysical observations into physical information, but traditional rock physics models lack descriptions of reservoir micro-structures and pore-filling materials. Considering the mineral compositions and pore microstructures of gas hydrates, we built rock physical models for load-bearing and pore-filling gas hydrate-bearing sediments,describe the mineral compositions, pore connectivity and pore shape using effective media theory, calculated the shear properties of pore-filling gas hydrates using Patchy saturation theory and Generalized Gassmann theory, and then revealed the quantitative relation between the elastic parameters and physical parameters for gas hydrate-bearing sediments. The numerical modelling results have shown that the ratios of P-wave and S-wave velocities decrease with hydrate saturation, the P-wave and S-wave velocities of load-bearing gas hydrate-bearing sediments are more sensitive to hydrate saturation, sensitivity is higher with narrower pores, and the ratios of the P-wave and S-wave velocities of pore-filling gas hydrate-bearing sediments are more sensitive to shear properties of hydrates at higher hydrate saturations. Theoretical analysis and practical application results showed that the rock physical models in this paper can be used to calculate the quantitative relation between macro elastic properties and micro physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments, offer shear velocity information lacking in well logging, determine elastic parameters that have more effective indicating abilities, obtain physical parameters such as hydrate saturation and pore aspect ratios, and provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for gas hydrate quantitative predictions.展开更多
文摘The growth of industry and services occurred on a world scale in recent decades, is correlated to large events that propel whole nations to think of local development strategies, integrated and sustainable, based on structural and conjunctural changes, and brought on by human factors or natural causes in dependent of the human will, and lies in the context of innovative models of supply chain arrangements, as is the case of participatory governance network of production of oil and gas. The present study aim is identify and analyze the impacts, local and regional, due to the introduction of the production of oil and gas （originating layer known aspre-salt） in the city of Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The current state of development of a software monitoring indicator is aimed at assessing the present stage and monitor the process of participatory governance in the network of production of oil and gas in Santo is presented here.
基金Supported by the Kjeller MEG Loop II project including support from Aker Solutions,BG Group,Cameron,Chevron,Petrobras,Petronas,Shell,Statoil,Total,Woodsidea grant from the Research Council of Norway under contract 207537/E30
文摘Growth kinetics of the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate,calcite,has been studied in seeded stirred batch experiments in MEG-water solutions at 40 ℃ and 70 ℃,conditions relevant for the processing of natural gas.It was found that MEG changes the growth order from two in pure water to one in solvent mixtures of MEG and water.Assuming parabolic growth (growth order is equal to two),it could be shown that MEG decreases the growth rate constant for calcite from 0.52 nm/s to 0.11 nm/s (70 ℃) when the MEG-content is increased from 0 wt% MEG to 65 wt% MEG.Decreasing the temperature from 70 ℃ to 40 ℃ has a similar effect on the growth rate constant as raising the level of MEG to 65 wt%.
文摘Nigeria is richly endowed with crude oil and natural gas deposits, which are the country＇s main source of energy and foreign exchange earnings. These deposits are concentrated at the Niger Delta region which has attracted the presence of multinational oil/gas companies to the area. This paper analyses the impact of oil and gas development on the rich biological diversity of the region and its consequences on the development of the region and the nation at large. The paper further reviews the abject poverty of the oil/gas producing communities whose source of livelihoods, fisheries resources, agricultural soils/farmlands, forests, clean water, fresh air and housing are being destroyed due to poor energy resource management. The magnitude of destruction and frustration is reflected in unending conflict and insecurity in the region leading to many shut-in productions which pose a governance challenge as the country＇s economy and development is heavily dependent on oil and gas production.
文摘Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated/polluted soils has been recognized as an efficient, economic, versatile and environmentally good treatment. This method is limited by the microorganisms activity in degrading the spills hydrocarbons. Low solubility of the hydrocarbons involves low bioavailability to microorganisms. The main objective of this research is to increase biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by treating the crude oil polluted soil with the natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum. Biodegradation was quantified by total petroleum hydrocarbons （TPH） analyses. The paper presents data obtained in biodegradation process of an artificial polluted soil with 5% and 10% crude oil, treated with a natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum during two years of experiment. Biodegradation process takes time to rehabilitate and reuse of the soil in agricultural scopes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41706042)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2015M582060)+2 种基金the Special Fund for Land & Resources Scientific Research in the Public Interest (Grant No. 201511037)the National Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2017YFC0307400)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences (Grant No. KLSG1603)
文摘There are ambiguities and uncertainties in the recognition of gas hydrate seismic reflections and in quantitative predictions of physical information of natural gas hydrate reservoirs from seismic data. Rock physical modelling is a bridge that transforms the seismic information of geophysical observations into physical information, but traditional rock physics models lack descriptions of reservoir micro-structures and pore-filling materials. Considering the mineral compositions and pore microstructures of gas hydrates, we built rock physical models for load-bearing and pore-filling gas hydrate-bearing sediments,describe the mineral compositions, pore connectivity and pore shape using effective media theory, calculated the shear properties of pore-filling gas hydrates using Patchy saturation theory and Generalized Gassmann theory, and then revealed the quantitative relation between the elastic parameters and physical parameters for gas hydrate-bearing sediments. The numerical modelling results have shown that the ratios of P-wave and S-wave velocities decrease with hydrate saturation, the P-wave and S-wave velocities of load-bearing gas hydrate-bearing sediments are more sensitive to hydrate saturation, sensitivity is higher with narrower pores, and the ratios of the P-wave and S-wave velocities of pore-filling gas hydrate-bearing sediments are more sensitive to shear properties of hydrates at higher hydrate saturations. Theoretical analysis and practical application results showed that the rock physical models in this paper can be used to calculate the quantitative relation between macro elastic properties and micro physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments, offer shear velocity information lacking in well logging, determine elastic parameters that have more effective indicating abilities, obtain physical parameters such as hydrate saturation and pore aspect ratios, and provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for gas hydrate quantitative predictions.
