酮咯酸氨丁三醇复合舒芬太尼术后PCIA的镇痛效果观察

目的：观察酮咯酸氨丁三醇复合舒芬太尼用于骨科手术患者术后自控静脉镇痛（ PCIA）以评价其镇痛效果。方法：选择择期全麻下行骨科手术患者60例，ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级，随机均分为舒芬太尼组（ C组），酮咯酸氨丁三醇复合舒芬太尼组（ T组）。T组：酮咯酸氨丁三醇术前30分钟30mg静注，术后酮咯酸氨丁三醇90mg＋舒芬太尼2ug/kg，加生理盐水配制至200ml镇痛泵自控镇痛；C组：舒芬太尼2ug/kg，加生理盐水配制至200ml术后镇痛泵自控镇痛，均在术后48小时拔除镇痛泵。观察术后6、12、24、48小时VAS疼痛评分，记录术后48小时内不良反应。结果：T组术后6小时、12小时VAS评分低于C组，其差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）；其余时点VAS评分2组间无统计学差异（P ＞0．05），术后PCIA按压次数、舒芬太尼用量T组明显低于C组（P＜0．05）；2组恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等发生率差异均无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论：酮咯酸氨丁三醇复合舒芬太尼行术后PCIA可减少舒芬太尼用量及提供良好的镇痛效果。

舒芬太尼复合酮咯酸氨丁三醇在小儿腹部术后镇痛中应用观察

目的：小儿外科腹部手术后舒芬太尼复合酮咯酸氨丁三醇静脉镇痛（ PICA）评价镇痛效果和临床可行性。方法：选择患儿腹部手术92例随机分为2组，舒芬太尼组45例，舒芬太尼复合酮咯酸氨丁三醇47例，术后连续监测SPO2，ECG．、NIBP，并进行VAS评分，观察可能出现的不良反应。结果：2组镇痛效果无显著差异（ P＞0．05）；但VAS评分（ P＜0．05）；B组恶心呕吐、瘙痒、嗜睡、呼吸抑制等副作用明显低于A组（P＜0．01）。结论：小儿腹部手术术后镇痛应用舒芬太尼复合酮咯酸氨丁三醇，是一种值得推广的术后镇痛方式。

不同剂量枸橼酸舒芬太尼在胃肠道手术中气管插管呼吸机辅助呼吸镇痛效果的影响对比观察

目的比较不同剂量枸缘酸舒芬太尼在气管插管呼吸机辅助呼吸中的镇痛效果。方法以我院在2015年10月~2016年10月收治的120例开腹胃肠道手术患者术后转入ICU作为观察对象,按照使用枸缘酸舒芬太尼剂量的不同随机分成两组,A组(0.2μg/kg)、B组(0.3μg/kg),并以C组(芬太尼2.0μg/kg)作为对照,比较三组患者的气管插管以及术后的镇痛效果。结果组内对比,三组患者T1和T0对比,舒张压、收缩压皆有明显的下降(P<0.05),T2时,舒张压、收缩压皆可见有显著升高(P<0.05),T3、T4时,收缩压趋于下降(P<0.05)。在舒张压上,T1和T3、T2和T4上的差异比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在T1时,B组患者心率略有升高,而A组、C组皆有明显下降(P<0.05),插管后并无显著变化;另外,和A组、C组患者比较,B组患者于T3、T4这两个节点上的镇痛评分显著降低(P<0.05)。结论 0.2μg/kg、0.3μg/kg这两种剂量的舒芬太尼皆能有效抑制气管插管以及术后的应激反应,且0.3μg/kg这一剂量能获得更好的镇痛效果。

舒芬太尼复合酮咯酸氨丁三醇用于老年股骨头置换术后镇痛效果分析

目的评价酮咯酸氨丁三醇复合舒芬太尼用于老年股骨头置换手术患者术后镇痛效果。方法择期行股骨头置换手术患者100例，ASA分级Ⅱ～Ⅲ级，年龄65—75岁，体重指数18—24kg／m。，将患者随机分为2组（n=50）：吗啡组（A组）和酮咯酸氨丁三醇复合舒芬太尼组（B组）。患者均采用腰硬联合麻醉下行手术，术后采用不同的镇痛方式：A组：采用硬膜外镇痛，药物配伍：吗啡4～7mg加0．2％罗哌卡因，背景输注速率2．0ml／h，术后镇痛（PCA）荆量2．Om1，锁定时间20min。B组：患者静脉自控镇痛，镇痛药为酮咯酸氨丁三醇和舒芬太尼，酮咯酸氨丁三醇120～180mg复合舒芬太尼100斗g稀释至100ml，背景输注速率2．0ml／h，术后镇痛（PCA）剂量2．0ml，锁定时间20rain。两组患者在手术结束前20min向硬膜外推注负荷剂量吗啡1mg。记录术后48h镇痛VAS评分，镇静Ram—say评分和不良反应的发生情况。结果与A组比较，B组术后48h镇痛镇静评分无差异。不良反应发生率A组明显大于B组（P〈0．05）。结论静脉使用酮咯酸氨丁三醇复合舒芬太尼用于老年股骨头置换手术后镇痛更安全有效。

枸橼酸舒芬太尼联合酒石酸布托啡诺对子宫肌瘤腹腔镜微创术后疼痛感和躁动的改善效果分析

目的探究枸橼酸舒芬太尼联合酒石酸布托啡诺对子宫肌瘤腹腔镜微创术后疼痛感和躁动改善效果。方法86例进行子宫肌瘤腹腔镜微创术患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组43例。对照组单独使用枸椽酸舒芬太尼,观察组使用枸椽酸舒芬太尼联合酒石酸布托啡诺。比较两组患者拔管后不同时间点血流动力学指标、疼痛感、躁动情况。结果两组患者拔管后10、20、30 min的心率、平均动脉压比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者拔管后10、20、30 min的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分分别为(3.71±0.85)、(2.83±0.71)、(1.71±0.53)分,均低于对照组的(5.40±1.39)、(4.05±1.37)、(3.49±1.11)分;观察组患者拔管后10、20、30 min的Ramsay镇静评分分别为(2.15±0.83)、(2.85±0.93)、(2.49±0.75)分,均高于对照组的(1.75±0.57)、(2.01±0.73)、(1.85±0.61)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论酒石酸布托啡诺联合枸椽酸舒芬太尼的麻醉效果较安全可靠,利于患者术后疼痛、躁动的改善,值得优选。

枸椽酸舒芬太尼和瑞芬太尼应用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术的对比

目的 探讨枸椽酸舒芬太尼和瑞芬太尼应用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术的效果.方法 将2011年1月至2011年12月,我院收治需要进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者220名,随机分成两组,分别使用枸椽酸舒芬太尼(SF)和瑞芬太尼(RF)进行麻醉.结果 SF组术后初醒时间为2.5～7.5min,拔管时间为5.2～12.1min; RF组术后初醒时间为7.5～14.12min,拔管时间为13.2～28min.RF组的躁动发生率高于SF组,两组均未见有术后延迟性呼吸抑制；恶心、呕吐比较无差异.结论 枸椽酸舒芬太尼清除更快,术后并发症更少,安全可靠,可用于临床推广使用.

对苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOTP)研制浅析

通过对对苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOTP)两种生产工艺的实验对比、浅析,结和生产实际最后选择采用对苯二甲酸(TPA)法(直接酯化法)生产DOTP。DOTP是聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑料用的一种性能优良的主增塑剂,它与目前常用的邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)相比,具有耐热、耐寒、难挥发、抗抽出、柔软性和电绝缘性能好等优点。由于(DOTP)不含邻苯二甲酸盐,不在欧盟及其他国家限制使用的16种含邻苯二甲酸增塑剂范围内,是一种优良的环保型增塑剂。

全髋关节置换术后镇痛镇静中应用纳布啡与舒芬太尼的效果

目的:探讨在全髋关节置换术后镇痛镇静中应用纳布啡与舒芬太尼的效果比较。方法:选取2017年1月~2019年1月收治的68例择期行单侧全髋关节置换术的老年患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组34例。对照组术后给予枸缘酸舒芬太尼注射液镇痛,观察组术后给予枸缘酸舒芬太尼注射液联合盐酸纳布啡注射液镇痛。观察两组疼痛视觉模拟评分、镇静评分和不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组术后1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h疼痛视觉模拟评分均低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);观察组术后6 h、12 h、24 h镇静评分均低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生情况比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:全髋关节置换术后镇痛镇静中应用纳布啡与舒芬太尼,可以缓解患者术后疼痛,且不会增加不良反应。

微纳BNT铁电薄膜阵列制备及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶和旋涂抽滤方法,在硅微通道(Si-MCP)衬底的内壁上涂敷前驱物,然后分别在600℃,650℃,700℃和750℃条件下制备Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12/Si-MCP微纳薄膜阵列,并对其结构及铁电特性进行表征.研究结果显示,退火温度越高,Si-MCP内被局域化的微纳薄膜结晶颗粒尺寸越大,同时BNT/Si-MCP微纳薄膜阵列越趋向沿c轴取向,尤其在750℃下制备的薄膜具有表面形貌均匀和c轴取向程度高等优点,且剩余极化强度可达93.8μC/cm2.

4个日本苹果优良品种主要性状

介绍了千夏、酸太郎、黄太郎、红太郎4个日本苹果优良品种杂交亲本、果实主要经济性状、生物学特性、栽培技术要点。这些品种符合我国苹果生产的需要,风味品质适合我国消费者的口味,苹果生产可以借鉴引用。

Influence of Sediment Dredging on Chemical Forms and Release of Phosphorus

A laboratory experiment was carried out through a six-month incubation of undredged （control） and dredged cores to study the effect of sediment dredging on phosphorus （P） release from the sediment in the Taihu Lake. During the experiment, dredging the upper 30 cm layer could efficiently reduce the interstitial PO4^3-P concentration and different P forms in the sediment. The P fluxes of the undredged and dredged cores ranged from -5.1 to 3047.6 and -60.7 to 14.4μg·m^-2·d^-1, respectively. The fluxes of the dredged cores were generally lower than those of the control. Differences in the fluxes between the dredged and undredged cores were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05） from March to June 2006. The sediment P in the dredged cores had a lower release potential than that in the control. Dredging can be considered as a useful measure for rehabilitating the aquatic ecosystem after the external P loading in the Talhu Lake catchment was efficiently reduced.

1,8-二羟基-3-羧基蒽醌的反相HPLC定量测定

目的:建立1,8-二羟基-3-羧基蒽醌(大黄酸)的反相HPLC定量测定方法。方法:色谱条件:Kromasil C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),紫外检测器,检测波长431nm;甲醇-0.1%磷酸(85∶15)为流动相。结果:大黄酸在0.108~2.16μg范围内线性关系良好;回收率103.2%,RSD 1.64%。结论:方法准确,精密,重现性好,可准确测定蒂达等天然化合物试样中极性组分大黄酸的含量。

Ohmefentanyl stereoisomers induce changes of CREB phosphorylation in hippocampus of mice in conditioned place preference paradigm

The present study was designed to determine the changes of phosphorylation of cAMP- response ele-ment binding protein (CREB) in hippocampus induced by ohmefentanyl stereoisomers (F9202 and F9204)in conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. The results showed that mice receiving F9202 and F9204displayed obvious CPP. They could all significantly stimulate CREB phosphorylation and maintained for along time without affecting total CREB protein levels. The effect of F9204 was similar to morphine whicheffect was more potent and longer than F9202. We also examined the effects of ketamine, a noncompetitiveN-mthyl-D-aspartate receptor (NR) antagonist, on morphine-, F9202- and F9204- induced CPP and phos-phorylation of CREB in hippocampus. Ketamine could suppress not only the place preference but also thephosphorylation of CREB produced by morphine, F9202 and F9204. These findings suggest that alterationsin the phosphorylation of CREB be relevant to opiates signaling and the development of opiates dependence.NR antagonists may interfere with opiates dependence and may have potential therapeutic implications.

Molecular Survey of Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria in the Deep-Sea Sediments of the West Pacific Warm Pool

The sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) community in the deep-sea sediments of the west Pacific Warm Pool(WP) was surveyed by molecular phylogenetic analyses using primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene fragments of SRB. Specific 16S rRNA gene libraries from five sediment layers(1-cm,3-cm,6-cm,10-cm and 12-cm layer) of the 12-cm core of WP-0 were constructed. The clones in the five libraries were differentiated by restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) and representative clones were selected to sequence. It was found that the clones fell into four groups,which were closest related to Desulfotomaculum,Desul-facinum,Desulfomonile and Desulfanuticus. Desulfacinum-like clones were only detected in the upper layers of the sediment core,whereas Desulfomonile-like clones were only present in the deeper layers. Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) was further carried out to visualize and count the SRB and bacteria in the five sediment layers. It was found that SRB constituted only a small proportion of the bacteria community(0.34%-1.95%) ,it had the highest content in the 3-cm layer(1.95%) and had a depth-related decreasing tendency along the 12-cm core.

Predictive ability of genomic selection models for breeding value estimation on growth traits of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Genomic selection(GS)can be used to accelerate genetic improvement by shortening the selection interval.The successful application of GS depends largely on the accuracy of the prediction of genomic estimated breeding value(GEBV).This study is a fi rst attempt to understand the practicality of GS in Litopenaeus vannamei and aims to evaluate models for GS on growth traits.The performance of GS models in L.vannamei was evaluated in a population consisting of 205 individuals,which were genotyped for 6 359 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers by specifi c length amplifi ed fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq)and phenotyped for body length and body weight.Three GS models(RR-BLUP,Bayes A,and Bayesian LASSO)were used to obtain the GEBV,and their predictive ability was assessed by the reliability of the GEBV and the bias of the predicted phenotypes.The mean reliability of the GEBVs for body length and body weight predicted by the dif ferent models was 0.296 and 0.411,respectively.For each trait,the performances of the three models were very similar to each other with respect to predictability.The regression coeffi cients estimated by the three models were close to one,suggesting near to zero bias for the predictions.Therefore,when GS was applied in a L.vannamei population for the studied scenarios,all three models appeared practicable.Further analyses suggested that improved estimation of the genomic prediction could be realized by increasing the size of the training population as well as the density of SNPs.

Preparation of BiOCl0.9I0.1/β-Bi2O3 composite for degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under simulated sunlight

A novel and effective BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3 composite catalyst was synthesized through a precipitation method. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of the samples were certified by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic characterizations. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that the synthesized BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3 composite catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH) under simulated sunlight. Furthermore, the TCH degradation rate of BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β-Bi2O3 increased by 27.6% and 61.4% compared with those of the pure BiOCl0.9I0.1 and pure β-Bi2O3, respectively. Due to the multiple vacancies and valence states possessed by BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3, namely Bi5+, Bi(3-x)+, Bi5+–O, Bi3+–O, I- and I3-, the charge separation in photocatalysis reactions can be effectively promoted. The Mott-Schottky measurements indicate that the conduction band(CB) level of BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β-Bi2O3 becomes more negative relative to that of BiOCl0.9I0.1, guaranteeing an advantageous effect on the redox ability of the photocatalyst. This study provides a new bright spot for the construction of high-performance photocatalysts.

The vanadium isotopic composition of L ordinary chondrites

Stable isotopic data of meteorites are critical for understanding the evolution of terrestrial planets. In this study, we report high-precision vanadium （V） isotopic compositions of 11 unequilibrated and equilibrated L chondrites. Our samples show an average δ^51v of -1.25‰ ±0.38‰ （2SD, n = 11）, which is ,- 0.5‰ lighter than that of the bulk silicate Earth constrained by mantle peridotites. Isotopic fractionation in type 3 ordinary chondrites vary from - 1.76‰ to - 1.29‰, whereas the δ^51V of equilibrated chondrites vary from - 1.37‰ to -1.08‰. 551V of L chondrites do not correlate with thermal metamorphism, shock stage, or weathering degree. Future studies are required to explore the reason for V isotope variation in the solar system.

Optimal content and ratio of lysine to arginine in the diet of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

The optimal quantity of dietary lysine (Lys) and arginine (Arg), and the optimal ratio of dietary Lys to Arg for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were investigated. Coated Lys and Arg were added to a basal diet (37.99% crude protein and 7.28% crude lipid) to provide graded levels of Lys and Arg. The experimental diets contained three Lys levels (2.51%, 2.11%, and 1.70% of total diet), and three Arg levels (1.41%, 1.80%, and 2.21% of total diet) and all combinations of these levels were tested. Pacific white shrimp, with a mean weight of 3.62±0.1 g, were randomly distributed in 36 fiberglass tanks with 30 shrimp per tank and reared on the experimental diets for 50 days. After the feeding trial, the growth performance, survival, feed conversion rate (FCR), body composition and protease and lipase activities in the hepatopancreases of the experimental shrimps were determined. The results show that weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), FCR, body protein, body Lys and Arg content were significantly affected by dietary Lys and Arg (P<0.05) and improved when dietary Lys and Arg levels were 2.11% 2.51% and 1.80% 2.21%, respectively. Protease and lipase activities in the hepatopancreases of the shrimps appeared higher when dietary Lys and Arg quantities were 2.11% 2.51% and 1.80% 2.21%, although the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Therefore, according to our results, the optimal Lys and Arg quantities in the diet of Pacific white shrimp, L. vannamei, were considered to be 2.11%-2.51% and 1.80%- 2.21%, respectively, and the optimal ratio to be 1:0.88-1:1.05.

Photochemical production of dissolved inorganic carbon from suwannee river humic acid

The photochemical mineralization of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) to dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) is a key process in carbon cycling.Using a Suntest CPS solar simulator,Suwannee River humic acid(SRHA) was photooxidated to examine the effects of O2 levels,the wavelength of incident light,and the concentration of Fe on the photoproduction of DIC.Increasing the O2 abundance enhanced photodegradation of SRHA.The rate of DIC photoproduction under air saturation in the first 24 h(4.40 μmol/(L h)) was increased by a factor of 1.56 under O2 saturation,but fell by only 36% under N2 saturation.To evaluate the relative importance of UV-B,UV-A,and visible radiation in the photodegradation,we examined the above process using Mylar-d films and UF-3 and UF-4 plexiglass filters.The results indicated that the UV-B,UV-A and visible wavelengths accounted for 31.8%,32.6% and 25.6%,respectively,of DIC production with simulated sunlight irradiation.The above results also indicated that photoproduction of DIC could take place in natural water at depths greater than those that UV light can reach.When 20 μmol/L desferrioxamine mesylate(DFOM,a strong Fe complexing ligand) was added,the rate of DIC photoproduction fell to 55.6% that of the original SRHA samples with 5.46 μmol/L Fe.