In architecture and urban design,solar energy plays an important role to save fossil energy and preserve environment.Passive or active use of this energy needs especial consideration in the preliminary stage of design...In architecture and urban design,solar energy plays an important role to save fossil energy and preserve environment.Passive or active use of this energy needs especial consideration in the preliminary stage of design to the probable shadows.This work will answer two questions:1) How is it possible to distinguish shadow need periods during a year in a specific climate-2) How is it possible to produce shadow in hot periods without being deprived of pleasant sunshine in cold periods-In this regard,it will introduce the usage process and opportunities of "shading mask" of Olgyay as an easy and useful graphical method in six steps.At the end,different ways of using this method in design will be discussed.Several research projects that have been done in past 30 years will support the argument as examples of this method.展开更多
Solar panels are oriented to the North （South） when the site is in the South （North） with a tilt angle close to the latitude. In the equatorial zone, the panels are quasi-horizontally arranged. This situation caus...Solar panels are oriented to the North （South） when the site is in the South （North） with a tilt angle close to the latitude. In the equatorial zone, the panels are quasi-horizontally arranged. This situation caused some problems： the panel is more rapidly covered with dust or salty mud that decreases its performance and degrades the protective glass. To overcome these difficulties, we evaluated theoretically and practically the energy lost by an incorrect tilt. The results are rather encouraging. Just 1.5% of total energy is lost when we tilted the panel at 10.0°. In practice, we realized that the loss of energy is fewer than we calculated it because of the reflected solar rays.展开更多
文摘In architecture and urban design,solar energy plays an important role to save fossil energy and preserve environment.Passive or active use of this energy needs especial consideration in the preliminary stage of design to the probable shadows.This work will answer two questions:1) How is it possible to distinguish shadow need periods during a year in a specific climate-2) How is it possible to produce shadow in hot periods without being deprived of pleasant sunshine in cold periods-In this regard,it will introduce the usage process and opportunities of "shading mask" of Olgyay as an easy and useful graphical method in six steps.At the end,different ways of using this method in design will be discussed.Several research projects that have been done in past 30 years will support the argument as examples of this method.
文摘Solar panels are oriented to the North （South） when the site is in the South （North） with a tilt angle close to the latitude. In the equatorial zone, the panels are quasi-horizontally arranged. This situation caused some problems： the panel is more rapidly covered with dust or salty mud that decreases its performance and degrades the protective glass. To overcome these difficulties, we evaluated theoretically and practically the energy lost by an incorrect tilt. The results are rather encouraging. Just 1.5% of total energy is lost when we tilted the panel at 10.0°. In practice, we realized that the loss of energy is fewer than we calculated it because of the reflected solar rays.
