时间交织采样是提高模数转换器采样率的一种有效途径。为了完成时间交织采样的通道失配误差方法评估,提出并设计了一套基于4通道时间交织的FPGA高速模数转换采样系统。系统由前端模拟电路、采样阵列、多相时钟电路模块、基于FPGA的数据...时间交织采样是提高模数转换器采样率的一种有效途径。为了完成时间交织采样的通道失配误差方法评估,提出并设计了一套基于4通道时间交织的FPGA高速模数转换采样系统。系统由前端模拟电路、采样阵列、多相时钟电路模块、基于FPGA的数据缓冲与修正处理模块构成。系统采样输出数据通过上传到上位机进行显示与性能指标分析。测试结果表明,该TIADC系统通过对失配误差的数字后端补偿后能稳定工作在1 GS/s采样率。其采样有效位与平均信噪比分别达到7.03 bit与44.1 d B,可以应用于采样失配修正方法的验证与评估。展开更多
Ever since the low energy N + ion beam has been accepted, the mutations of ionizing radiation are attributable mainly to avoidance of DNA damages repair. Evidences based on in vivo proof results are limited. Using the...Ever since the low energy N + ion beam has been accepted, the mutations of ionizing radiation are attributable mainly to avoidance of DNA damages repair. Evidences based on in vivo proof results are limited. Using the E.coli wild type and mutator strains, the mutant frequencies suggest that base substitutions in rpoB gene are induced by the N + implantation. A highly conserved region is selected to get the direct evidence for base substitutions by sequence of the high fidelity PCR amplification products in mutants. Most of the mutants (90.9%, 40/44) have at least one base substitution in the amplification region. The evidences for CG to TA (55%, 22/40), AT to GC (20%, 8/40) and TA to CG (5%, 2/40) transitions are identified. The transversions are AT to TA (15%, 6/40) and GC to CG (5%, 2/40). It is suggested that DNA cytosine methylase might play an important role in mismatch repair of DNA damage induced by N + implantation by analysis of the mutant frequencies of mutator strains.展开更多
Functional deficiency of mismatch repair(MMR) system is one of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis.With the development of the investigation and the requirement from the clinical diagnosis and treatment it is necessary to...Functional deficiency of mismatch repair(MMR) system is one of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis.With the development of the investigation and the requirement from the clinical diagnosis and treatment it is necessary to build up a method to evaluate the functional status of the whole MMR system in the concerned tumors. The original ssDNA and dsDNA from wild type (wt) bacteriophage M13mp2 and its three derivates with mutation points in the lacZa gene have been used to construct two kinds of heteroduplex DNA molecules. One named del(2) has two bases deleted in the negative strand, the other has a G-G mismatch base pair in the negative strand too. Introducing this heteroduplex DNA into E. coli NR9162 (routS^-) without the MMR ability on the indicator plate with x-gal and IPTG,there are three kinds of plaques, mixture plaque as the charaeteristie phenotype of heteroduplex DNA, blue and clearplaques. If the cell extract is mismatch repair competent the percentage of the mixture plaque will decrease after incubation with these heteroduplex DNA, the repair efficiency is expressed in percentage as 100x (1 minus the ratio of percentages of mixture plaque obtained from the extract-treated sample and untreated samples), which can imply the functionai status of MMR system of certain samples. After large T-antigen-dependent SV-40 DNA replication assay cell extract from TK6, a human lymphoblastoid B-cell lymphoma cell line with MMR ability, and Lovo, a human colonic carcinoma cell line with MMR deficiency have incubated with these heteroduplex DNA. The repair efficiency of TK6 to del(2) is more than 60%, to G-G is more than 50%. The Lovo efficiency to del(2) is less than 10%, to G-G is less than 20%.Therefore, in this in vitro model used for functional analysis of mismatch repair of heteroduplex DNA as the repair target,TK6 can serve as the control for MMR proficiency and Lovo as the control for MMR deficiency. Using this model the tumor tissue from a case of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (microsatellite instability high, MSI-H) was measured and lack of MMR ability was shown. And a case of sporadic rectal cancer (SRC) (mierosatellite stability, MSS) maintains MMR proficiency. The results indicate that the model is sensitive and dependable. It could be used to measure the funetion status of MMR system in tumor cell and/or tissues. This is a reliable method to investigate the mechanic of tumorigenesis. It is meaningful in the observation of the role of MMR in the initiation and progression of concerned tumors.展开更多
文摘时间交织采样是提高模数转换器采样率的一种有效途径。为了完成时间交织采样的通道失配误差方法评估,提出并设计了一套基于4通道时间交织的FPGA高速模数转换采样系统。系统由前端模拟电路、采样阵列、多相时钟电路模块、基于FPGA的数据缓冲与修正处理模块构成。系统采样输出数据通过上传到上位机进行显示与性能指标分析。测试结果表明,该TIADC系统通过对失配误差的数字后端补偿后能稳定工作在1 GS/s采样率。其采样有效位与平均信噪比分别达到7.03 bit与44.1 d B,可以应用于采样失配修正方法的验证与评估。
文摘Ever since the low energy N + ion beam has been accepted, the mutations of ionizing radiation are attributable mainly to avoidance of DNA damages repair. Evidences based on in vivo proof results are limited. Using the E.coli wild type and mutator strains, the mutant frequencies suggest that base substitutions in rpoB gene are induced by the N + implantation. A highly conserved region is selected to get the direct evidence for base substitutions by sequence of the high fidelity PCR amplification products in mutants. Most of the mutants (90.9%, 40/44) have at least one base substitution in the amplification region. The evidences for CG to TA (55%, 22/40), AT to GC (20%, 8/40) and TA to CG (5%, 2/40) transitions are identified. The transversions are AT to TA (15%, 6/40) and GC to CG (5%, 2/40). It is suggested that DNA cytosine methylase might play an important role in mismatch repair of DNA damage induced by N + implantation by analysis of the mutant frequencies of mutator strains.
文摘Functional deficiency of mismatch repair(MMR) system is one of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis.With the development of the investigation and the requirement from the clinical diagnosis and treatment it is necessary to build up a method to evaluate the functional status of the whole MMR system in the concerned tumors. The original ssDNA and dsDNA from wild type (wt) bacteriophage M13mp2 and its three derivates with mutation points in the lacZa gene have been used to construct two kinds of heteroduplex DNA molecules. One named del(2) has two bases deleted in the negative strand, the other has a G-G mismatch base pair in the negative strand too. Introducing this heteroduplex DNA into E. coli NR9162 (routS^-) without the MMR ability on the indicator plate with x-gal and IPTG,there are three kinds of plaques, mixture plaque as the charaeteristie phenotype of heteroduplex DNA, blue and clearplaques. If the cell extract is mismatch repair competent the percentage of the mixture plaque will decrease after incubation with these heteroduplex DNA, the repair efficiency is expressed in percentage as 100x (1 minus the ratio of percentages of mixture plaque obtained from the extract-treated sample and untreated samples), which can imply the functionai status of MMR system of certain samples. After large T-antigen-dependent SV-40 DNA replication assay cell extract from TK6, a human lymphoblastoid B-cell lymphoma cell line with MMR ability, and Lovo, a human colonic carcinoma cell line with MMR deficiency have incubated with these heteroduplex DNA. The repair efficiency of TK6 to del(2) is more than 60%, to G-G is more than 50%. The Lovo efficiency to del(2) is less than 10%, to G-G is less than 20%.Therefore, in this in vitro model used for functional analysis of mismatch repair of heteroduplex DNA as the repair target,TK6 can serve as the control for MMR proficiency and Lovo as the control for MMR deficiency. Using this model the tumor tissue from a case of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (microsatellite instability high, MSI-H) was measured and lack of MMR ability was shown. And a case of sporadic rectal cancer (SRC) (mierosatellite stability, MSS) maintains MMR proficiency. The results indicate that the model is sensitive and dependable. It could be used to measure the funetion status of MMR system in tumor cell and/or tissues. This is a reliable method to investigate the mechanic of tumorigenesis. It is meaningful in the observation of the role of MMR in the initiation and progression of concerned tumors.
