多模奇与偶相干态光场可分辨性的证明

构造了一般形式的多模相干态光场 ,并由一般形式的多模相干态光场及其相反态光场构造出一般形式的多模奇相干态光场和多模偶相干态光场 ;运用L .Kn ll等人提出的两个量子态之间的距离函数 ,从理论上严格证明了多模奇相干态光场与多模偶相干态光场是完全可以分辨的量子态光场 .

发生在7月26日北国夜空的奇光

发生在７月２６日北国夜空的奇光冯占良，刘亚英是超新星在宇宙中闪烁？还是流星体在地球大气层中爆炸？是“外星人”降临地球？还是“飞碟”在地球旁边掠过？７月２６日晚，在亚洲大地的上空，出现了一次奇异壮观的发光现象，有众多的炎黄子孙看到了这次奇异的发光，在人...

光生酸剂产酸效率的研究

由罗丹明B在酸作用下异构变色的特性,采用分光光度法系统地考察了罗丹明B在不同酸种、酸浓度以及溶剂体系的变色特性,对光生酸剂在有机溶剂中的产酸效率及其评价方法进行了系统的研究,并考察了溶剂、光生酸剂浓度以及曝光条件对光生酸剂的分解和产酸量子产率的影响。结果表明,本方法在实验范围内能够很好地对光生酸剂的产酸量和产酸量子效率进行定量评价,光生酸剂的分解和产酸效率对其所处的环境(不同的溶剂)表现出很强的依赖性,且光生酸剂的分解产率与产酸率相等,但与其在溶液中的浓度基本没有关系。

Van Hove singularities and nonlinear photoluminescence in multiwalled carbon nanotubes

The absorption spectrum and photoluminescence spectrum of multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) and the peaks related with Van Hove singularities(VHS) were obtained experimentally.Both the VHS formation and the change of band gaps in MWNTs depend on the intershell interaction.The VHS makes the probability of optical transitions enhanced,but the intershell interaction suppresses such radiative transitions.The excitation in the experiment involves a two-photon absorption process and the emission light has the effect of the optical frequency up-conversion.

Controlling Quantum State Transfer in Spin Chain with Confined Field

As a demonstration of the spectrum-parity matching condition （SPMC） for quantum state transfer, we investigate the propagation of single-magnon state in the Heisenberg chain in the confined external tangent magnetic field analytically and numerically. It shows that the initial Gaussian wave packet can be retrieved at the counterpart location near-perfectly over a longer distance if the dispersion relation of the system meets the SPMC approximately.

Upconversion Luminescence from Ho3＋ and Yb3＋ Codoped α-NaYF4 Single Crystals

The Ho3＋/yb3＋ co-doped a-NaYF4 single crystal was grown successfully for the first time by a modified Bridgman method in which KF was used as assisting flux and a large temperature gradient （70-90℃ /cm） of solid-liquid interface was adopted. Upconversion emissions at green -544 nm, red -657 and -751 nm were obtained under 980 nm laser diode excitation. The intensity at -544 nm was much stronger than those of -657 and -751 nm. The mechanisms of the upconversion emissions were investigated by studying the relationship between the upconversion intensity and pump power. The optimized Yb3＋ concentration was about 8.08moi% when Ho3＋ concentration was hold at about 1.0mol%. The results showed that Ho3＋/yb3＋ doped α-NaYF4 single crystal was a possible candidate upconversion material for the green solid-state laser.

Recent advances in coherent perfect absorber-lasers and their future applications

In recent years, peculiar physical phenomena enabled by non-Hermitian systems, especially the parity-time(PT)-symmetric systems, have drawn tremendous research interests. Particularly, special spectral degeneracies known as exceptional points(EPs) and coherent perfect absorber-laser(CPAL) points where zero and infinite large eigenvalues coexist are the most popular topics to be studied. To date, the discussions of EPs that serve as transition boundaries between broken PT-symmetry phase and exact PT-symmetry phase have been intensively presented. However, the theoretical analysis and experimental validations of CPAL points are inadequate. Different from EPs, CPAL points, as a special solution of broken PT-symmetry phase, may exhibit even further counterintuitive physical features, which may have significant implications to study non-Hermitian physics. Here, we review some recent advances of CPAL phenomena in different sub-disciplines of physics, including optics, electronics and electromagnetics, and acoustics.Additionally, we also provide an envision of future directions and applications of CPAL systems.

Knotted Topological Phase Singularities of Electromagnetic Field

In this paper,knotted objects (RS vortices) in the theory of topological phase singularity in electromagneticfield have been investigated in details.By using the Duan's topological current theory,we rewrite the topological currentform of RS vortices and use this topological current we reveal that the Hopf invariant of RS vortices is just the sum ofthe linking and self-linking numbers of the knotted RS vortices.Furthermore,the conservation of the Hopf invariant inthe splitting,the mergence and the intersection processes of knotted RS vortices is also discussed.

Photodynamics of Methyl-Vinyl Criegee Intermediate:Different Conical Intersections Govern the Fates of Syn/Anti Configurations

Methyl vinyl ketone oxide,an unsaturated four-carbon Criegee intermediate produced from the ozonolysis of isoprene has been recognized to play a key role in determining the tropospheric OH concentration.It exists in four configurations(anti-anti,anti-syn,synanti,and syn-syn)due to two different substituents of saturated methyl and unsaturated vinyl groups.In this study,we have carried out the electronic structure calculation at the multi-configurational CASSCF and multi-state MS-CASPT2 levels,as well as the trajectory surface-hopping nonadiabatic dynamics simulation at the CASSCF level to reveal the different fates of syn/anti configurations in photochemical process.Our results show that the dominant channel for the S1-state decay is a ring closure,isomerization to dioxirane,during which,the syn(C-O)configuration with an intramolecular hydrogen bond shows slower nonadiabatic photoisomerization.More importantly,it has been found for the first time in photochemistry of Criegee intermediate that the cooperation of two heavy groups(methyl and vinyl)leads to an evident pyramidalization of C3 atom in methyl-vinyl Criegee intermediate,which then results in two structurally-independent minimal-energy crossing points(CIs)towards the syn(C-O)and anti(C-O)sides,respectively.The preference of surface hopping for a certain CI is responsible for the different dynamics of each configuration.

^(234)Th-derived particulate organic carbon export flux in the western Arctic Ocean

To evaluate the particle dynamics and estimate the POC (particulate organic carbon) export flux from the euphotic zone in the western Arctic Ocean,234 Th238 U disequilibrium was applied during the second Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (July 15-September 26,2003).The POC export fluxes are estimated from the measured profiles of the 234 Th/238 U activity ratios and the POC/PTh ratios.The average residence times of the particulate and dissolved 234 Th in the euphotic zone are 33 d and 121 d,and their average export fluxes are 480 dpm/m 2 d and 760 dpm/m 2 d,respectively.The scavenging and removal processes of particle reactive elements are active in the upper layer of the Chukchi Sea.The average residence time of 234 Th increases from shelf to basin,while the export fluxes of 234 Th decrease.The estimated POC export fluxes from the euphotic zone vary from 2.1 to 20.3 mmol/m 2 d,indicating that the western Arctic Ocean is an important carbon sink in summer due to efficient biological pump.

A Novel Low Density Parity Check Coded Differential Amplitude and Pulse Position Modulation Free-Space Optical System for Turbulent Channel

Based on the proposed partly equidifferent mapping and its specific Differential Amplitude and Pulse Position Modulation(DAPPM) demodulation, a modified FSO scheme for turbulent channel is designed and analyzed. The novel Low Density Parity Check(LDPC) coded 4×4 and 4×8 DAPPM Free-Space Optical communication(FSO) system is constructed. The Monte Carlo simulation results show approximately 2d B transmit power reduction against classical LDPC-DAPPM at the identical Bit-Error-Rate in strong turbulent channel. The proposed partly equidifferent mapping is compatible with other modulations, so it enables widespread adoption in other coded FSO systems.

Constructing Even- and Odd-Negative Binomial States

By suitably choosing the normalization factors we introduce the even- and odd-negative binomial states. In some limit cases they approach the even- and odd-coherent states, respectively. We also derive a new eigenvector equation that the negative binomial state satishes as a nonlinear coherent state.

Solution of an Inverse Eigenvalue Problem by Newton＇s Method on a Fibre Bundle with Structure Group SO（n）

We present a differential geometric perspective of the IEP for symmetric matrices in the framework of a fibre bundle with structure group SO（n）. In particular, a Newton type algorithm is developed to construct a non singular symmetric matrix for given target eigenvalues using a singular symmetric matrix as the initial matrix for the iteration. Explicit computations are performed for 2 x 2 non singular symmetric matrix to illustrate the result.

Optical parity gate and a wide range of entangled states generation

Generating entangled states efficiently is a hot topic in the area of quantum information science.With the approach presented in this paper,a general parity gate could be realized and a wide range of entangled states,including GHZ state,W state,Dicke state,arbitrary graph state and locally maximally entanglable states,can be generated flexibly.The generation of GHZ state,W state,and Dicke state is probabilistic but heralded and the total success probability is unit.In addition,the arbitrary graph state and locally maximally entanglable states generation is deterministic,flexible,and highly efficient.Especially,with the"simultaneous"generation pattern,the complexity of the graph state generation and locally maximally entanglable states generation could be reduced greatly,providing a more efficient and feasible way to generate the entangled states.

Analytical Study on Propagation Dynamics of Optical Beam in Parity-Time Symmetric Optical Couplers

We present exact analytical solutions to parity-time(P T) symmetric optical system describing light transport in P T-symmetric optical couplers. We show that light intensity oscillates periodically between two waveguides for unbroken P T-symmetric phase, whereas light always leaves the system from the waveguide experiencing gain when light is initially input at either waveguide experiencing gain or waveguide experiencing loss for broken P T-symmetric phase. These analytical results agree with the recent experimental observation reported by Ru¨ter et al. [Nat. Phys.6(2010) 192]. Besides, we present a scheme for manipulating P T symmetry by applying a periodic modulation. Our results provide an efficient way to control light propagation in periodically modulated P T-symmetric system by tuning the modulation amplitude and frequency.

Some progress in spectral methods Dedicated to Professor Shi Zhong-Ci on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday

In this paper, we review some results on the spectral methods. We first consider the Jacobi spectral method and the generalized Jacobi spectral method for various problems, including degenerated and singular differential equations. Then we present the generalized Jacobi quasi-orthogonal approximation and its applica- tions to the spectral element methods for high order problems with mixed inhomogeneous boundary conditions. We also discuss the related spectral methods for non-rectangular domains and the irrational spectral methods for unbounded domains. Next, we consider the Hermite spectral method and the generalized Hermite spec- tral method with their applications. Finally, we consider the Laguerre spectral method and the generalized Laguerre spectral method for many problems defined on unbounded domains. We also present the generalized Laguerre quasi-orthogonal approximation and its applications to certain problems of non-standard type and exterior problems.

The rate of gg→h→γγ at LHC predicted by three different littlest Higgs models with T-parity

We perform a comparative study for the LHC di-photon Higgs signal in three different littlest Higgs models with T-parity (named LHT-Ⅰ, LHT-Ⅱ and LHT-Ⅲ). We find that compared with the Standard Model prediction, the di-photon rate is always suppressed and the suppression extent can be different for different models. The LHC will soon give a solid judgement whether the di-photon rate is larger than the SM prediction, which can be utilized as a sensitive probe for the three models.

Zero dielectric constant limit to the non-isentropic compressible Euler-Maxwell system

We investigate the zero dielectric constant limit to the non-isentropic compressible Euler-Maxwell system.We justify this singular limit rigorously in the framework of smooth solutions and obtain the nonisentropic compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations as the dielectric constant tends to zero.

Reversible optical control of the metal-insulator transition across the epitaxial heterointerface of a VO_(2)/Nb:TiO_(2) junction

Optical control of exotic properties in strongly correlated electron materials is very attractive owing to their potential applications in optical and electronic devices.Herein,we demonstrate a vertical heterojunction made of a correlated electron oxide thin film VO_(2) and a conductive 0.05 wt% Nb-doped TiO_(2) single crystal,whose metal-insulator transition(MIT)across the nanoscale heterointerface can be efficiently modulated by visible light irradiation.The magnitude of the MIT decreases from ~350 in the dark state to ~7 in the illuminated state,obeying a power law with respect to the light power density.The junction resistance is switched in a reversible and synchronous manner by turning light on and off.The optical tunability of it is also exponentially proportional to the light power density,and a 320-fold on/off ratio is achieved with an irradiance of 65.6 mW cm^(-2) below the MIT temperature.While the VO_(2) thin film is metallic above the MIT temperature,the optical tunability is remarkably weakened,with a one-fold change remaining under light illumination.These results are co-attributed to a net reduction(~15 meV)in the apparent barrier height and the photocarrier-injection-induced metallization of the VO_(2) heterointerface through a photovoltaic effect,which is induced by deep defect level transition upon the visible light irradiance at low temperature.Additionally,the optical tunability is minimal,resulting from the quite weak modulation of the already metallic band structure in the Schottky-type junction above the MIT temperature.This work enables a remotely optical scheme to manipulate the MIT,implying potential uncooled photodetection and photoswitch applications.