中国第一代女大学生的产生

中国第一代女大学生是在冲破封建专制主义教育和伦理纲常的罗网后才终于产生的。近代知识妇女群的形成是其产生的先决条件 ,“男女同校”之争是其产生的催化剂 ,大学开放女禁则最终使其产生。中国第一代女大学生的产生 ,是中国教育史上的一场重大变革 ,这场变革使男女平等受教育成为现实 ,提高了妇女的社会地位和整体素质。

“女二代”初长成

磨砺中，黄佳丽迅速成长。她不仅理解了父亲黄发静创办企业的艰难，对企业的那分感情，也慢慢理解了．自己接手企业，也是对社会的责任。

越夜越美丽 冰城女代驾司机的夜行生活

3月初的冰城哈尔滨,丝丝暖意隐在料峭寒风下蠢蠢欲动。晚上7点,孙佳妍像往常一样,来到龙塔附近的一家饭店门口,将电动自行车停靠在路边,简单地抻了抻胳膊,将工服拿出,套在了厚厚的羽绒服外边,对着路边车的玻璃进行了简单的整理。随后,点开了手机屏幕上熟悉的橙色图标——“滴滴代驾开始接单啦.”两年半,2003笔订单,订单超9成都是男乘客——这是滴滴代驾司机孙佳妍的“成绩单”。在男性从业者占多数的行业里,今年38岁的孙佳妍是为数不多的女代驾。

美丽的平衡——论“中间代”诗人的性别书写

20世纪90年代后期以降,"中间代"女诗人集中登陆中国当代诗坛,诗人和诗作的数量蔚为可观,从对女性意识言说的感觉经验,到诗艺诗思运用的多元化程度,再到女性主义诗歌对历史现实关注的深度和广度,都丰富了"中间代"诗歌的性别诗学和写作空间。同时,受到新世纪诗歌传播手段、诗歌创作方式和文化语境的多重影响,"中间代"女诗人有意寻找重新命名自身突破重围的机会,一定程度上拓展了当代女性主义诗歌在写作风格、传播方式、阅读体验上的多维路径。

A Study of the Gendered Identity of Female Migrants in Contemporary China

As a new group in the process of socio-economic transformation, female members of the Chinese floating population have negative self-identities rooted in the traditional gender discrimination in China society. This impacts negatively on female migrants1 both physiologically and psychologically, disadvantaging them in the pursuit of resources, opportunities and rights. It is therefore necessary to positively influence the self-image of female migrants so as to ensure their rights, further their interests and ultimately to achieve gender equality.

Quality Analysis of Dairy Herd Improvement Data from Henan Province

The dairy herd improvement data from Henan Province were analyzed statistically to establish screening criteria for relevant data, thereby laying a foundation for genetic evaluation of dairy cows. With the 2 152 451 test-day records about 155 893 Chinese Holstein dairy cows collected by the Henan Dairy Herd Improvement Center from January 2008 to April 2016, the dynamics of test times during a complete lactation, test interval during a complete lactation, days in milk （DIM） of first test-day record, daughter descendant number and herd number of bull, age at first calving and pedigree integrity rate among different years and different herd sizes were analyzed by MEANS order of SAS 9.4. In addition, the data that were applicable to genetic evaluation were screened by SQL program. The results showed that during 2008-2015, the number of cow individuals participating in DHI in Henan Province increased from 7 379 to 93 706; the test-day milk yield increased from 19.91 to 24.05 kg; the somatic cell count reduced from 411.09×10^3 to 277.08×10^3 cells/ml; the percentage of cows with DIM ranging from 5-305 d reached 70.92%; the average test times increased from 3.20 to 6.31 times; the test interval decreased from 70.22 to 33.83 d; the dairy cows with age at first calving of 25 months were dominant, accounting for 12.57%; the bulls whose daughter descendant number was 20 or more and the daughters were distributed in 10 or more farms accounted for 6.05%; the one-generation pedigree integrity rate was 82.54%; the percentage of data that could be used for genetic evaluation was screened as 20.67%, which was lower than the results of other similar studies.

Gender Mainstreaming and Human Rights

Gender mainstreaming is a strategy for achieving gender equality that emerged in the United Nations in the 1970s and consists of integrating gender equality issues into all public policies. In the 1990s, the same strategy began to be applied to human rights to draw attention to the fact that the enjoyment of human rights is different for men and women, and that some human rights violations specifically affect women. This is a reflection and a result of the patriarchal organization of society and men＇s position of dominance over women. The European and Inter-American Courts of Human Rights have begun to incorporate gender mainstreaming or a gender perspective in some judgments, especially in cases of violence against women.

The Image of Polish Women in the Early 1950s

Over the past decades, there were questions often asked： What is education？ What is it purpose in the world whether it helps an individual or not to understand himself and connect his views with existing beliefs and critical thinking about education to deal with daily practical challenges enable in a new way. The founder of instrumentalism philosophical school, John Dewey remarks that knowledge is practical instrument that purpose must be to solve all problems that a person encounters during his/her lifetime. According to instrumentalism theoretical concepts, theories are instruments by means of that relationship with surrounding world is established （communication becomes possibleS. Representatives of traditional epistemology make distinct difference between ＂world＂ and ＂mind＂. In accordance with Dewey＇s genetic epistemology mind, constitutes the result of living being-environment relationship as the universe is defined by our mind and the development of a human＇s knowledge is adaptive response to the environment.

Philosophy, Feminist Literary Criticism and ＂The Difference＂

This paper discusses the present-day philosophical rupture away from identitarian thinking, and how the former has influenced the world of the feminist literary criticism of today. Herein, we embark on a journey from its awakenings back in the 1960s. We begin our quest with Kate Millett, we will continue our discussion with Irigaray, Cixous, or Kristeva and their analysis of the difference created by gender. And, we will reflect on the influence it has made to the American movement. We use the aforementioned as the lead towards the theory of deconstruction in authors such as Felman or Spivak, and how we reach the concept of performativity of gender in line with Butler and the queer theory.

Subversive Abjection and Sublimity in Jeanette Winterson＇s Representation of the Fantastic A Study of The Passion and Sexing the Cherry

Looking at the last decades of the 19th and 20th century from our vantage point encourages parallels to be drawn between the two periods： in fact, both are affected by a process of cultural fragmentation, social, and epistemological transformations and crises that permeate the whole civil society. In the specific field of English literature, the genre of the fantastic is undoubtedly a common presence. In Fantasy： The Literature of Subversion, Jackson （1981） noted the re-emergence of the fantastic as a transgressive force at moments of cultural stress and repression. Waugh （1995） held a similar view in The Harvest of the Sixties. At the end of the 20th century, in its postmodernist shape, fantastic literature becomes one of the favourite genres of a number of feminist writers, and among them, Jeanette Winterson transforms it into a truly transgressive genre. This paper examines Winterson＇s The Passion （1996） and Sexing the Cherry （1990） in the light of Jackson＇s theory of the fantastic, as a narrative that establishes an oppositional dialogic relationship with the ＂real＂, to interrogate it and collapse the traditional distinction between the normative and the ＂other＂. In The Passion, the real is signified by the dominant ideological discourse, exemplified by Napoleon; the fantastic by Villanelle＇s webbed feet and her ability to walk on water. In Sexing the Cherry, the real is represented by the Puritans with their bigoted and hypocritical morality; the fantastic by the huge Dog-Woman and her foundling son, Jordan. Besides, in both novels, the female body is metamorphosed to challenge the view of a ＂normal＂, acceptable femininity; what emerges is a monstrous and sublime body that collapses distinctions between gender boundaries. In Sexing the Cherry （1990）, Winterson created the grotesque, gigantic body of the Dog-Woman, a figure of Kristevan ＂abjection＂. In The Passion （1996）, she gave life to the hybrid body of Villanelle, an oxymoronic combination of the terrible beautiful. The conclusion of the paper argues that Winterson deploys the fantastic to deconstruct the gendered subject of the dominant signifying order and create a dislocated world outside commercial culture, where new voices can be heard, speaking for unheard, neglected groups, particularly women.

A Clinical Investigation on Garlicin Injectio for Treatment of Unstable Angina Pectoris and Its Actions on Plasma Endothelin and Blood Sugar Levels

To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of garlicin for treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP), garlicin injectio was intravenously dripped 60 mg/day in 34 cases for 10 days. Nitroglycerine was used in 21 cases of the control group. The results showed that the total effective rates in improving symptoms and electrocardiogram after garlicin treatment were respectively 82% and 62%, and that the plasma endothelin and blood sugar levels were markedly lowered in cases with hyperglycemia.

From the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor -Analyzing the Heroine＇ s Resistance in The Scarlet Letter

Conceptual metaphor has always been the study focus of cognitive linguistics. Conceptual metaphor is ubiquitous, cognitive and systematic. Nathaniel Hawthorne in his representative work The Scarlet Letter makes full use of the conceptual metaphor. A detailed description of the heroine Hester Prynne through the conceptual metaphor fully expresses Nathaniel Hawthorne＇ s feminist thoughts. Through the metaphorical analyses of the name Pearl, the scarlet letter ＂A＂, the forest and the scaffold this paper analyzes Hester Prynne＇ s resistant consciousness. On the basis of this, the positive social significance of the novel is explored.

Beyond Binary Opposition： Reinterpretation of Mr. Pontellier in the Awakening

The American writer Kate Chopin＇s masterpiece, The Awakening published in the late 19th century is one of the classics in female literature. The heroine Edna having the courage to pursue self-reliance and express her self-awareness, is regarded as a ＂new woman＂, while the comments on her husband, Mr. Pontellier are quite negative--He regards Edna as a private property and a sexual tool, leading to her awakening and suicide. In this paper, the author reinterprets Mr. Pontellier with the method of close reading in new criticism, deeming that it is the binary opposition in thinking that leads to the misreading. Mr. Pontellier was just a follower of the tradition and custom. The objective evaluation and reinterpretation to him can help students to develop the habit of critical thinking and the courage to pursue truth is case they form a simple thinking mode of the binary opposition.

Through the Works of Gabrielle Roy and R6gine Robin＂ Innovations in Women＇s Writings

The purpose of this paper is to show that autobiographical works like Gabrielle Roy＇s Enchantment and Sorrow （1988） and R6gine Robin＇s La Qudbdcoite （1983）, do not succeed in anchoring the self and eliminating past traumatic experiences. These writers realize that they cannot reincarnate their former ＇T＇ as time has passed and their lives have changed. The self does not let itself be reduced to a definite being but on the contrary mirrors itsef in all its surroundings. Writing the fragmentation of the self makes these authobiographies appear on one hand, fictional as the ＂I＂ always eludes itself. But on the other hand, they best describe the postmodern ＇T＇ who is conscious of the permeability of one＇s own self as well inwards by the influences, the collages of others on the Self as outwards by the projection of the self onto others, like rhizome connecting to others and forming a web of exchanges like in cyberspace

The Construction of＂New Woman＂ in Chen Hengzhe＇s Autobiography

This essay examines the autobiography of Chen Hengzhe （1890-1976） （see Appendix）, a relatively less studied woman writer, historian, and critic in modem China. Through the study in four aspects, namely, the pursuit of modem education, simple appearance, great leaders, and the ambassadors of culture, the author＇s research indicates that Chen＇s construction of＂new woman＂ has been influenced by complex historical and cultural forces such as the Chinese traditional culture, Western culture, and the iconoclastic spirit of ＂the New Culture Movement＂. Meanwhile, Chen＇s gender consciousness is also an important element. Moreover, Chen＇s pioneering standing and her own experiences of studying abroad makes her take the lead in conceiving women＇s leadership and their roles in global culture communications. In the late Qing and the early Republic, traditional values and norms of womanhood were severely challenged. Chen＇s construction of＂new woman＂ is her conscious effort to define a new womanhood and is an integral part of the ongoing exploration of Chinese women for modem womanhood. Through the examination of Chen＇s ＂new woman＂, this paper seeks to enrich our understanding of the complexity of modem Chinese women＇s exploration of modem womanhood.

The Research of Value of Female Costume in Ethnic Group Construction Based on the Social Gender

The social gender theory is a historical analysis method which is benificial to explore the system of human organization activities around ＂male＂or ＂female＂ activities. Historically, the process of human socialization is also a process of social gender institutionalization. Therefore, the paper tried to analyze the connotation of ethnic women＇s costume from the social gender perspective to help people realize further the women＇s state in sexism society and value in ethnic group constructing and developing. Firstly, the paper sets forth the characteristic of ＂group＂ of ethnic people female costumes. The next, the paper explored the costume how to set up a system of ethic standard in inner group so as to maintain the social order. Subsequently, the paper points out, with the rapid evolution of society, more and more ethnic people men participate cities construction and outer social activities Consequently, most of minority men wear modem clothing instead of their traditional clothing, only women still insist in wearing the traditional clothing. Finally, according to research above, the authors consider that ethnic people female costumes emerge strong gender content which reflects more constraints rather than equality between men and women. Besides, it is certain that women have irreplaceable value in ethinc group construction and development.

Effect of mate size on maternal reproductive effort in the convict cichlid Amatitlania siquia

The differential allocation hypothesis predicts individuals will increase their reproductive investment when mated to a high quality partner. In many species of fish with biparental care females prefer large males due to the males＇ greater ability to raise more offspring to independence. I examined the relationship between mate quality, parental care and number of offspring in a natural population of convict cichlids Amatitlania siquia. The frequency of frontal displays by females was positively correlated with male standard length. Additionally, as males increased in length relative to their mate, females increased the frequency of chases towards predators, while males decreased the number of displays towards brood predators. This trade-off in parental effort within a pair due to mate quality is a key prediction of differential allocation. The number of offspring was correlated with male, but not female, standard length. These results support the differential allocation hypothesis in that females offered more parental care to offspring of a larger male, while their mates decreased the amount of care they provided. AdditionaUy, females benefited in terms of number of offspring by pairing with higher quality mates. Increased female investment may provide an incentive to ensure male care and maintain pair bonding, which could lead to greater reproductive success through increased offspring sur- vival [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 66-72, 2012].

Evaluation of Fertility Levels and Adjustment of Fertility Policy: Based on the Current Situation of the Chinese Mainland's Provincial Fertility Levels

During the 11th Five-year Plan （2006-2010）, the total fertility rate of the mainland of China was 1.481 and was stable with a slight decline, exhibiting a spatial pattern of moderately low fertility in the central and western regions, very low fertility in the east and extremely low fertility in the northeast. Except for a rebound in a few provinces and regions with extremely low fertility rates, the ratio of actual fertility rates to policy fertility rates is still falling. The reduced fertility rate is mainly driven by development, notably the proportion of the total population represented by the exuberantly fertile women of child-bearing age and their greater urbanization, growing level of non-agricultural employment and outflow from rural areas, as well as the assimilative effect of urban production, lifestyles and culturalconcepts upon the agricultural population. Development has catalyzed an irreversible trend of declining fertility; existing fertility policy has proven insufficient to keep fertility rates stable at reasonably low levels. Policy-based rebounds may emerge in urban areas and the east and northeast, where family planning policy has been better implemented; on the other hand, a non-policy-based rebound may have been released. In the central and western rural areas, multiple births occur on average among only 4.12 percent of the younger generation of women. As fertility policy is adjusted and improved, fertility rebounds in transitional fertility policy adjustment can be effectively regulated through a gradual strategy which will not provoke a sharp rebound. The time is ripe for China to conduct a nationally unified adjustment of the existing fertility policy.