糙米代替玉米对断奶仔猪肥育效果的研究

选择２０ｋｇ左右“长大”断奶仔猪３２头，随机分为４组，日粮中以糙米分别代替０、４０％、７０％、１００％的玉米，试验期２６ｄ。结果：４组仔猪平均日增重依次为５４６２、５７６９、５８４６和６１５４ｇ，料肉比依次为２３９∶１、２３８∶１、２３６∶１、２３３∶１，每千克增重饲料成本依次为４２４、４１９、４１３、４０５元。说明糙米作为能量饲料代替玉米饲喂断奶仔猪是可行的。

Study on Application of Microbial Ecological Agents, Replacements for Antibiotics, in Weaned Piglet Production

In order to investigate the appIication effects of microbial ecoIogical agents as repIacements for antibiotics in weaned pigIets, a total of 120 28 d oId healthy Duroc ＆#215;Landrace ＆#215;Large White weaned pigIets with simiIar bogy weights and body fats and cIose birth dates were seIected. They were randomIy divided into three groups, incIuding controI group （CK）, antibiotic group （A） and microbial ecoIogical agent group （MEA）. The growth performance, health status and economic benefits of the weaned pigIets were measured. The resuIts showed that the A and MEA groups couId better enhance the immunity of weaned pigIets and improve the economic benefits in the whoIe experimental period compared to the CK group （P〈0.01）. How-ever, there were no significant differences in pigIet immunity and economic benefits between the A and MEA groups （P〉0.05）. It is indicated that the Rujunbao, a mi-crobial ecoIogical agent, can be promoted in weaned pigIet production as a repIace-ment for antibiotic.

Comparative Utilization of Different Fibre Feedstuffs by Weaning/Growing Pigs in the Tropics

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding different fibre feedstuffs on the performance, nutrient utilization and economics of production of weaning/growing pigs. Five fibre feedstuffs--palm kernel cake （PKC）, wheat offal （WO）, corn bran （CB）, rice bran （RB） and brewers＇ dried grain （BDG） were used at 25% in each of the five experimental diets that were formulated in this study. Twenty weaner pigs （12.75 ± 0.6 kg） were used for the growth study while 15 pigs （14.95 ± 0.57 kg） were used for the digestibility study. The design of the experiment was completely randomized. The results of the study showed that the performance of the experimental animals were significantly influenced （P 〈 0.05） by the dietary treatments. The apparent digestibility of the crude protein, crude fiber and ether extract showed significant differences （P 〈 0.05） while there was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05） in the apparent digestibility of their dry matter, ash and nitrogen free extract. The diet that contained WO had the best growth response and apparent nutrient digestibility. Results of economics of production also showed that diet with WO gave the best （P 〈 0.05） value in feed cost/＇kg gain and net profit/animal. It can be concluded from this study that although all the animals fed the different fibre feedstuffs performed satisfactorily on all the parameters monitored, but for optimum growth, apparent nutrients digestibility and economics of production. WO should be used as a fibre feedstuff in the diets of weaning/growing pigs in the tropics.

Effects of fish meal and sodium butyrate on growth performance, gut development and glucagon-like peptide-2 secretion in weanling piglets

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of fish meal and sodium butyrate on growth performance, gut development and GLP-2 secretion in weanling piglets. A 2×2 factorial design was used with two fish meal levels （0, 5%）, and two sodium butyrate levels （0, 0.3%）. There were 4 dietary treatments： control diet （CD）; control diet supplemented with fish meal （CF）, control diet supplemented with sodium butyrate （CB）, control diet supplemented with fish meal and sodium butyrate （FB）. A total of 44 28-days-old Large White×Landrace weanling piglets were randomly allotted into 4 treatment averagely. The experiment period was 14 days. The results showed that sodium butyrate＇s addition increased average diary gain （ADG）, average diary feed intake （ADFI） and gain to feed intake ratio （G：F） of weanling piglets （all P〈0,05）, improved gut morphology （mucosa thickness, ratio of villous height to crypt depth） and sucrase activity, and fish meal＇s addition increased maltase activity （all P〈0.05）. Either sodium butyrate or fish meal addition decreased cecum colibacillus quantity, sodium butyrate increaded ratio of cecum lactobacilli to colibacillus （P〈0.05）. Consequently, diarrhea was reduced in diet supplemented with fish meal （P=-0.08） and diet supplemented with sodium butyrate （P=0.15） through 14 days of experiment, significant reduction of diarrhea rate was observed in diet supplemented with fish meal through the first 7 days （P〈0.05）. In addition, sodium butyrate and fish meal addition in diets tended to increase plasma GLP-2 concentration, however, GLP-2 concentration on the 4th day was consistently decreased in diet supplemented with fish meal relative to that on day 0 （P=0.08）. Overall, it could be concluded that both sodium butyrate and fish meal addition improve intestinal development and sodium butyrate addition significantly increase growth performance. The gut trophic response to sodium butyrate or may be in agreement with development. peptide GLP-2 increases in fish meal addition in diet and the alteration of intestinal

The Absorption and Transportation of Glutamine Containing Small Peptides-Arg-Gly-GIn and Gly-GIn in Jejunum of Weaned Piglets

In order to research the absorption and transportation differences ofglutamine containing small peptides and free glutamine in intestine of weaned piglets, 28-day-old weaned piglets were selected to get the sample for jejunum culture in vitro in this study. Trial 1 was conducted to study the stability of tripeptide （Arg-Gly-Gln） in the jejunum to determine the ideal culture time. It was designed into 2 treatments： control group （Kreb＇s solution, GC） and tripeptide group （by adding 556μmol/L of Arg-Gly-Gln to Kreb＇s solution, GP）. They were cultured for 60 min. The absorption and transportation differences ofglutamine existing as Arg-Gly-Gln, Gly-Gln and free Gin were studied in trial 2. It was designed into 4 treatments： group 1 （G1, control group）, Kreb＇s solution; Group 2 （G2）, Kreb＇s solution＋556 μmol/L Arg-Gly-Gln; group 3 （G3）, Kreb＇s solution＋556 μmol/L Gly-Gln and Arg; group 4 （G4）, Kreb＇s solution＋556 μmol/L arginine, glycine and glutamine. They were cultured for 40 minutes. The results indicated that the absorption and transportation of glutamine existing as Arg-Gly-Gln was more efficient than those of Gly-Gln while Gly-Gln was more efficient than free glutamine. Arg-Gly-Gln may be more excellent than Gly-Gln in physiological functions and nutrition potential.

Effect of Eliminated the Breeding Pigs with Unqualified CSFV Antibody on Sows' Reproductive Performance and Pigs' Growth Performance

[Objective] The aim was to explore the effect of eliminated the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody on sow's reproductive performance and pig's growth performance so as to provide a scientific basis for the eliminating of the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody in large-scale pig farms.[Method] Serum samples from three scale pig farms were collected and tested with HerdChek CSFV-ELISA kit,then provided a certain scientific basis for scale pig farm to eliminate the unqualified(antibody blocking rate<50%)breeders after booster immunization.[Result ] After eliminating the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody,the average litter number of piglet in three pig farms(A,B,C)were increased by 0.29(P<0.05),0.40(P<0.01),0.39(P<0.01)respectively;the average number of survival piglets were increased by 0.54(P<0.01),0.35(P<0.01),0.62(P<0.01)respectively;the average litter number of weaned piglets were increased by 0.65(P<0.01),0.71(P<0.01),0.81(P<0.01)respectively.The difference in weight gain of piglet at 30-60 d of age was extremely significant(P<0.01),but inconspicuousness for the swine pregnancy rate,the survival rate of weaned piglet and piglet at 30-60 d of age.[Conclusion] The eliminating the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody can significantly improve the performance of breeder and piglets.

Impact of Probiotic Supplement on the Weight Lose of Sows and Weaning Weight of Piglet

The aim of this field study was to evaluate the influence of the probiotic BioPlus 2B on the weight loss of sows during lactation and weaning weight of litter and piglets. A total of 126 gilts/sows on commercial pig farm were allocated to either group of 61 sows supplemented with probiotic BioPlus 2B 400 g per ton or a non-supplemented control group of 65 sows from two weeks before farrowing to weaning. Microbiological contents of feed rations were analyzed. Data were statistically processed by MS Excel program package using methods for descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and t-test. Lactating sows supplemented with probiotic BioPlus 2B increased their feed intake. It reduced sows weight loss during lactation; weight loss was 40.4-44.8 kg in controls versus 18.0-23.0 kg in supplemented sows （p 〈 0.05）. Insemination of sows was done 4-5 day after weaning. Repeated insemination was needed for more sows in control group-22 sows in the control group vs. 12 sows in the supplemented group （p 〈 0.05）. Reduce percent of repeated insemination from 36% to 18.5% in a commercial pig farm is a notable effect. The number of weaned piglets/litter is not significantly different between control and supplemented groups （10.54 piglets versus 10.63, p 〉 0.05）. Weaned litter weight was 85.2 kg in control group and 83.4 kg in the supplemented group （p 〉 0.05）. It concludes that these are sound arguments to supplement all sows on commercial farm with BioPlus 2B.

Effects of Encapsulated Compound Acidifiers on Growth Performance in Weaning Piglets

This study was conducted to study the effects of the addition of encapsulated and non-encapsulated compound acidifiers （in a diet based on corn-soybean meal-extruded soybean） on growth performance and incidence of diarrhea in weaning piglets. Sixty-four 28-day-old, crossbred piglets （Landrace × Large White）, weighing an average of 7.004- 0.10 kg, were randomly assigned to four treatments with four replicates per pen, according to the single-factor design principle. The feeding trial lasted for 35 days. The results showed that, when compared to non-encapsulated acidifiers, encapsulated compound acidifiers not only improved the average daily gain and the feed efficiency （P 〈 0.01）, but also reduced the incidence of diarrhea. However, the addition of encapsulated compound acidifiers in piglet diets had no significant effect on the average daily food intake （P〉0.05）. These results indicated that the encapsulated compound acidifiers enhanced the intestinal adaptation, and subsequently improved the growth performance and reduced the incidence of diarrhea in weaning piglets.

Effects of yeast products on the intestinal morphology, barrier function, cytokine expression, and antioxidant system of weaned piglets

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a mixture of yeast culture, cell wall hydrolysates, and yeast extracts（collectively ＂yeast products,＂ YP） on the performance, intestinal physiology, and health of weaned piglets. A total of 90 piglets weaned at 21 d of age were blocked by body weight, sex, and litter and randomly assigned to one of three treatments for a 14-d feeding experiment, including（1） a basal diet（control）,（2） 1.2 g/kg of YP, and（3） 20 mg/kg of colistin sulfate（CSE）. No statistically significant differences were observed in average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, or gain-to-feed ratio among CSE, YP, and control piglets. Increased prevalence of diarrhea was observed among piglets fed the YP diet, whereas diarrhea was less prevalent among those fed CSE. Duodenal and jejunal villus height and duodenal crypt depth were greater in the control group than they were in the YP or CSE groups. Intraepithelial lymphocytes（IEL） in the duodenal and jejunal villi were enhanced by YP, whereas IEL in the ileal villi were reduced in weaned piglets fed YP. Secretion of jejunal and ileal interleukin-10（IL-10） was higher and intestinal and serum antioxidant indexes were affected by YP and CSE. In YP- and CSE-supplemented animals, serum D-lactate concentration and diamine oxidase（DAO） activity were both increased, and intestinal mR NA expressions of occludin and ZO-1 were reduced as compared to the control animals. In conclusion, YP supplementation in the diets of weaned piglets appears to increase the incidence of diarrhea and has adverse effects on intestinal morphology and barrier function.