In order to obtain the life information of the vacuum fluorescent display （VFD） in a short time, a model of constant stress accelerated life tests （CSALT） is established with its filament temperature increased, an...In order to obtain the life information of the vacuum fluorescent display （VFD） in a short time, a model of constant stress accelerated life tests （CSALT） is established with its filament temperature increased, and four constant stress tests are conducted. The Weibull function is applied to describe the life distribution of the VFD, and the maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） and its iterative flow chart are used to calculate the shape parameters and the scale parameters. Furthermore, the accelerated life equation is determined by the least square method, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is performed to verify whether the VFD life meets the Weibull distribution or not, and selfdeveloped software is employed to predict the average life and the reliable life. Statistical data analysis results demonstrate that the test plans are feasible and versatile, that the VFD life follows the Weibull distribution, and that the VFD accelerated model satisfies the linear Arrhenius equation. The proposed method and the estimated life information of the VFD can provide some significant guideline to its manufacturers and customers.展开更多
Although the crisis always exist in the development of humanity, but the special theory of crisis developed very late. The climax of the crisis theory appeared in the West in the late 20th century, Japan Masao Takizaw...Although the crisis always exist in the development of humanity, but the special theory of crisis developed very late. The climax of the crisis theory appeared in the West in the late 20th century, Japan Masao Takizawa, a crisis management expert, believe that the definition of a crisis is ＂ the possibility of accidents,＂ and the management of crisis is the management of preventing loss, and therefore it is important to note how to save costs, and to achieve maximum effect. Crisis is a situation state, the fundamental objective of its decision-making theme is threatened, and there is very limited time available between decisions changing, which occurs as a surprise to the main body. Some scholars have tended to define it as a process of crisis, he said： the crisis is intense period of upheaval and collective period. During this time, the core values of everyday life and social system is threatened, and the threat is beyond our expectation, even unimaginable. This is the general definition used about the current crisis.展开更多
The study was conducted to ascertain the views on piracy among marine engineering students and marine officers who had encountered piracy on international waters thereby suggesting threats to international peace. The ...The study was conducted to ascertain the views on piracy among marine engineering students and marine officers who had encountered piracy on international waters thereby suggesting threats to international peace. The respondents of the study were 50, specifically distributed to thirty （30） onboard marine engineering students enrolled for the current school year 2014-2015 and twenty （20） marine officers who had experienced piracy at Somalia and other places. The researchers employed quantitative-qualitative research method design. The questionnaire on ＂Piracy at Sea＂ was validated by experts in research, statistics, qualitative research, and maritime international conventions. To test the reliability, this same instrument was pilot-tested among marine officers and students who had been on board international ships. Qualitative data were captured through interviews by using open-ended questions. Frequency count, percentage, and rank were used in this study for descriptive-quantitative statistics. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistics through computer-processed software （SPSS）. Qualitative analysis was employed to determine the views of the respondents on piracy so that mitigation measures were elicited for protection of life at sea leading towards international peace among identified HRAs （high-risk areas）. Results revealed that seafarers were familiar of piracy. They were aware that piracy usually happens in areas like Somalia water sand other threatening territories. To combat piracy, the participants have pointed out the role of the international community in their concerted effort to help seafarers safeguard their lives specifically during these hard times. Somalia also needs to effectively check their organization by whether or not strict implementation of the Anti Piracy Law was being observed. Full knowledge of piracy, techniques for avoiding it, and surviving pirate attacks are necessary among seafarers. Satellite system called shiplock allows shipping companies to monitor location of ships particularly useful during pirate attacks, hijacks, or ship theft. They also install non-lethal electrical fences around a ship＇s perimeter to protect them during these times. IMO regulations require ships to send distress signals and warnings covertly in case of pirate attacks.展开更多
In Kuwait, there is growing concern over the disposal of wastes produced by hospitals since hospital wastes contain hazardous and infected wastes. All hospitals in Kuwait have adopted incineration as an alternative me...In Kuwait, there is growing concern over the disposal of wastes produced by hospitals since hospital wastes contain hazardous and infected wastes. All hospitals in Kuwait have adopted incineration as an alternative method to dispose of their wastes. Due to inefficient combustion of hospital incinerators, the Kuwaiti government decided to shut down all hospital incinerators, while the Sabah Incinerator （SAHI） and Shuaiba Incinerator （SUHI） were kept running. This study was initiated to focus on the determination of heavy metals in the bottom ashes produced by the SAHI and SUHI incinerators. Bottom ash was collected over a period of one year and heavy metals were determined. They were shown variation in their concentrations due to the initial waste composition and the operational procedures of the hospital incinerators.展开更多
Self-adjoint theorem is introduced to match the corresponding functional of the given differential equations,and then Noether＇s theorem is used to determine the extended conservation laws of the original equations. F...Self-adjoint theorem is introduced to match the corresponding functional of the given differential equations,and then Noether＇s theorem is used to determine the extended conservation laws of the original equations. Finally, as the application of the method, the conservation laws of Drinfel＇d-Sokolov-Wilson equation and Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation are constructed.展开更多
基金Undergraduate Education High land Construction Project of Shanghaithe Key Course Construction of Shanghai Education Committee (No.20075302)the Key Technology R&D Program of Shanghai Municipality (No.08160510600)
文摘In order to obtain the life information of the vacuum fluorescent display （VFD） in a short time, a model of constant stress accelerated life tests （CSALT） is established with its filament temperature increased, and four constant stress tests are conducted. The Weibull function is applied to describe the life distribution of the VFD, and the maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） and its iterative flow chart are used to calculate the shape parameters and the scale parameters. Furthermore, the accelerated life equation is determined by the least square method, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is performed to verify whether the VFD life meets the Weibull distribution or not, and selfdeveloped software is employed to predict the average life and the reliable life. Statistical data analysis results demonstrate that the test plans are feasible and versatile, that the VFD life follows the Weibull distribution, and that the VFD accelerated model satisfies the linear Arrhenius equation. The proposed method and the estimated life information of the VFD can provide some significant guideline to its manufacturers and customers.
文摘Although the crisis always exist in the development of humanity, but the special theory of crisis developed very late. The climax of the crisis theory appeared in the West in the late 20th century, Japan Masao Takizawa, a crisis management expert, believe that the definition of a crisis is ＂ the possibility of accidents,＂ and the management of crisis is the management of preventing loss, and therefore it is important to note how to save costs, and to achieve maximum effect. Crisis is a situation state, the fundamental objective of its decision-making theme is threatened, and there is very limited time available between decisions changing, which occurs as a surprise to the main body. Some scholars have tended to define it as a process of crisis, he said： the crisis is intense period of upheaval and collective period. During this time, the core values of everyday life and social system is threatened, and the threat is beyond our expectation, even unimaginable. This is the general definition used about the current crisis.
文摘The study was conducted to ascertain the views on piracy among marine engineering students and marine officers who had encountered piracy on international waters thereby suggesting threats to international peace. The respondents of the study were 50, specifically distributed to thirty （30） onboard marine engineering students enrolled for the current school year 2014-2015 and twenty （20） marine officers who had experienced piracy at Somalia and other places. The researchers employed quantitative-qualitative research method design. The questionnaire on ＂Piracy at Sea＂ was validated by experts in research, statistics, qualitative research, and maritime international conventions. To test the reliability, this same instrument was pilot-tested among marine officers and students who had been on board international ships. Qualitative data were captured through interviews by using open-ended questions. Frequency count, percentage, and rank were used in this study for descriptive-quantitative statistics. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistics through computer-processed software （SPSS）. Qualitative analysis was employed to determine the views of the respondents on piracy so that mitigation measures were elicited for protection of life at sea leading towards international peace among identified HRAs （high-risk areas）. Results revealed that seafarers were familiar of piracy. They were aware that piracy usually happens in areas like Somalia water sand other threatening territories. To combat piracy, the participants have pointed out the role of the international community in their concerted effort to help seafarers safeguard their lives specifically during these hard times. Somalia also needs to effectively check their organization by whether or not strict implementation of the Anti Piracy Law was being observed. Full knowledge of piracy, techniques for avoiding it, and surviving pirate attacks are necessary among seafarers. Satellite system called shiplock allows shipping companies to monitor location of ships particularly useful during pirate attacks, hijacks, or ship theft. They also install non-lethal electrical fences around a ship＇s perimeter to protect them during these times. IMO regulations require ships to send distress signals and warnings covertly in case of pirate attacks.
文摘In Kuwait, there is growing concern over the disposal of wastes produced by hospitals since hospital wastes contain hazardous and infected wastes. All hospitals in Kuwait have adopted incineration as an alternative method to dispose of their wastes. Due to inefficient combustion of hospital incinerators, the Kuwaiti government decided to shut down all hospital incinerators, while the Sabah Incinerator （SAHI） and Shuaiba Incinerator （SUHI） were kept running. This study was initiated to focus on the determination of heavy metals in the bottom ashes produced by the SAHI and SUHI incinerators. Bottom ash was collected over a period of one year and heavy metals were determined. They were shown variation in their concentrations due to the initial waste composition and the operational procedures of the hospital incinerators.
基金Supported by "Math + X" Fund of Dalian University of Technology, Science Foundation of Dalian University of Technology under Grant No. SFDUT0808the National Key Basic Research Development of China under Grant No. 2004CB318000
文摘Self-adjoint theorem is introduced to match the corresponding functional of the given differential equations,and then Noether＇s theorem is used to determine the extended conservation laws of the original equations. Finally, as the application of the method, the conservation laws of Drinfel＇d-Sokolov-Wilson equation and Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation are constructed.
