清代宫廷钿子图案研究

清代钿子属于清代女性头饰中的一部分,也是最具满族民族特点的饰品之一,造型图案上变化丰富,多种多样,图必有意,意必吉祥。文章从清代钿子的基本特征上追溯它的审美内涵,在对清代钿子图案类型进行分析与思考,以期使清代钿子图案在当代有更好的传承应用。

浅析明清官服补子图案的表现形式

中国宫廷图案作为封建社会思想观念的外化形态,成为统治阶级权力和等级的标志与象征。其中最有代表性的当属明清两代的官服补子图案,它将权力与等级的标志加以系列化,更加等级分明。本文通过调研分析的方法,研究明清官服补子在形象及意识形态上的图案化表现。通过对明清官服补子图案的分析和探索,加深了对中国传统图案审美特征的认识,并得出明清官服补子既注重图案的内涵意义,又注重图案的表现形式,并使二者达到完美统一。深感只有深入发掘传统图案的精髓才能更好地继承民族文化,将其融入当代设计之中,从而对弘扬民族文化有所裨益。

清代文官补子图案文化内涵及创新运用

清代补子作为封建等级社会区别官阶大小的符号,具有鲜明的时代性和丰富的艺术内涵,是中华服饰史中的瑰宝。对于补子传统图案纹样的应用与创新,最重要的是打破与重组纹样形式。对清代文官补子图案元素进行提炼,研究清代文官补子图案的文化内涵、创新运用与总结,旨在为进一步研究清代不同时期的文官补子图案及在当代服饰设计中的创新运用提供借鉴。

基于几何相似特征的石窟造像装饰图案生成方法

针对石窟造像装饰图案设计中图案基元的组合方式不够灵活多变、画面布置与调整耗时、图案基元间的交叉重叠问题,提出一种基于几何相似特征的图案生成方法.首先明确图案属性,利用Freeman链码描述图案基元轮廓信息;然后利用最长公共子序列计算图案基元间的几何相似性特征;接着基于计算结果对图案基元进行设计布局,完成子图案的效果生成;最后依据检测和识别出的图案空间分布模式将子图案进行扩充生成.采用响堂山石窟中的装饰图案基元数据进行实验的结果表明,所提方法不仅解决了图案基元组合优化问题,而且能实现复杂图案的快速生成设计,该方法在图案基元的匹配时间为19.2 s,比人工方法的36.1 s更优.

Study on the Mechanism of Nanopatterning in Printed Electronics Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation

In order to research the feasibility of using the selective adsorption principle to achieve automatic shaping of nano patterns,in this study,using the liquid gallium as the conductive ink and graphene as the printing plate surface,by changing the surface wettability of patterned areas on the nanoscale of graphene printed boards,the automatic formation of liquid gallium patterns on the graphene printed plate surface was simulated.The results indicated that liquid gallium can achieve automatic patterning on the surface of graphene patterned areas;the greater the interaction energy between gallium and carbon atoms,the clearer the pattern;gallium liquid is prone to remain in complex local positions of the pattern,making it difficult to shape the pattern;if the spacing between adjacent pattern lines is too large or too small,it will result in residual gallium liquid between the lines;increasing the thickness of the gallium film will cause the pattern to expand beyond the boundary,but increasing the thickness of the gallium film can also enhance the thickness and uniformity of the pattern lines.In summary,the principle of selective adsorption can be used to achieve the automatic formation of nano patterns,and the pattern formation effect is influenced by factors such as atomic interaction energy and pattern configuration.

Effect of Viscosities on Mixing in A Patterned Micro Mixer

The effect of viscosity and viscosity difference and boundary patterned slip on mixing in a micro mixer has been numerically studied using lattice Boltzmann method （LBM）. The slip and no-slip ratio is not constant and varies irregularly, and viscosity is altered by changing the relaxation time in LBE equation. The slip boundary condition is simulated by specular reflection boundary and the no-slip boundary condition is simulated by bounce back boundary. It has been found that it is feasible to optimize the micro mixer design by combining the viscosity effect and boundary patterned ratio altogether.

混沌分形艺术与产品设计实践

运用数学和计算机等现代科学技术手段生成的混沌分形图除了给人带来视觉上的美感享受外,也使人们产生了在产品设计中应用这些图案的愿望。文章在构造具有鲜明艺术特征的混沌吸引子、分形图和双曲极限圆图案基础上,将混沌分形图案作为装饰图案,结合案例探索了在产品设计中的应用实践。

Patterning Nanoroads and Quantum Dots on Fluorinated Graphene

Using ab initio methods we have investigated the fluorination of graphene and find that different stoichiometric phases can be formed without a nucleation barrier, with the complete ＂2D-Teflon＂ CF phase being thermody- namically most stable. The fluorinated graphene is an insulator and turns out to be a perfect matrix-host for patterning nanoroads and quantum dots of pristine graphene. The electronic and magnetic properties of the nanoroads can be tuned by varying the edge orientation and width. The energy gaps between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals （HOMO-LUMO） of quantum dots are size-dependent and show a confinement typical of Dirac fermions. Furthermore, we study the effect of different basic coverage of F on graphene （with stoichiometries CF and C4F） on the band gaps, and show the suitability of these materials to host quantum dots of graphene with unique electronic properties.

Stem cell lineage in body layer specialization and vascular patterning of rice root and leaf

Since the first appearance of vascular plants during evolution, the plant body has become specialized for adaption to land conditions. Much of our knowledge of plant body specialization and the origins of tissues from stem cells have been obtained from studies on the dicot Arabidopsis thaliana. However, less is known about plant body specialization in monocots, another important branch of angiosperms. In this study, we analyzed stem cell lineage and differentiation during development of the root and leaf of the monocot model plant rice(Oryza sativa). Our results showed that three body layers of rice are established from stem cells accompanied by progressively reduced pluripotency. Layer 1(L1) is a single-cell layer of epidermis; L2 is the cortex/endodermis in the root and the mesophyll in the leaf; and L3 is the site of vascular initiation. At least two common steps in vascular development are shared between rice root and leaf. The preprocambium divides to form the procambium and root pericycle or leaf outer sheath. The procambium further differentiates into the xylem, phloem and circumambient cells. We found that the outer sheath of leaf vascular bundles originates not only from the preprocambium of L3,but also from the mesophyll precursor cells of L2. In addition, WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX(WOX)genes are expressed in not only the stem cell niche but also metaxylem precursor in rice. This pattern differs from that of homologs in Arabidopsis, suggesting that WOX functions have been recruited in different stem cells in dicots and monocots.

Bilayer self-assembly on a hydrophilic, deterministically nanopatterned surface

We present measurements of the in situ, microscopic architecture of a self- assembled bilayer at the interface between a regularly nanopatterned surface and an aqueous sub-phase using neutron reflectometry. The substrate is patterned with a rectangular array of nanoscale holes. Because of the high quality of the pattern, using neutron reflectometry, we are able to map the surface-normal density distribution of the patterned silicon, the penetration of water into the pattern, and the distribution of a deposited film inside and outside of the etched holes. In this stud; 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine （DLPC） single bilayers were deposited on the hydrophilic patterned surface. For bilayers deposited either by vesicle fusion （VF） or by the Langmuir-Schaefer （L-S） technique, the most consistent model found to fit the data shows that the lipids form bilayer coatings on top of the substrate as well as the bottoms of the holes in an essentially conformal fashion. However, while there is a single bilayer on the unetched silicon surface, the lipids coating the bottoms of the holes form a complex bimodal structure consistent with a rough surface produced by the etching process. This study provides insight into film transfer both outside and inside regular nanopatterned features.

Fabrication technique of micro/nano-scale speckle patterns with focused ion beam

The fabrication technique of micro/nano-scale speckle patterns with focused ion beam (FIB) system is studied for digital image correlation (DIC) measurement under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).The speckle patterns are fabricated by directly etching the counterpart of the specimen to the black part of a template.Mean intensity gradient is used to evaluate the quality of these SEM images of speckle patterns fabricated based on different templates to select an optimum template.The pattern size depending on the displacement measurement sensitivity is adjusted by altering the magnification of FIB according to the relation curve of the etching size versus magnification.The influencing factors including etching time and ion beam current are discussed.Rigid body translation tests and rotation tests are carried out under SEM to verify the reliability of the fabricated speckle patterns.The calculated values are in good agreement with the imposed ones.

A fluid-guided printing strategy for patterning high refractive index photonic microarrays

High refractive index(HRI,n>1.8)photonic structures offer strong light confinement and refractive efficiencies,cover the entire visible spectrum and can be tuned by designing geometric arrayed features.However,its practical applications are still hindered by the applicability and material limitation of lithography-based micro/nano fabrication approaches.Herein,we demonstrate a fluid-guided printing process for preparing HRI selenium microarrays.The microstructured flexible template is replicated from the diced silicon wafer without any lithography-based methods.When heated above the glass transition temperature,the flow characteristics of selenium endows the structure downsizing and orientation patterning between the target substrate and the template.Near 10 times narrowing selenium microarrays(1.9μm width)are patterned from the non-lithography template(18μm width).HRI selenium microarrays offer high refractive efficiencies and strong optical confinement abilities,which achieve angledependent structurally coloration and polarization.Meanwhile,the color difference can be recognized under the one degree distinction of the angle between incident and refracted light.This printing platform will facilitate HRI optical metasurfaces in a variety of applications,ranging from photonic sensor,polarization modulation to light manipulation.

Formation mechanism of subtrenches on cone-shaped patterned sapphire substrate

In this paper, the cone-shaped patterned sapphire substrates (PSS) were etched by an inductively couple plasma with BCl 3 as the reacting gas. The influence of the operating pressure and the RF bias power on subtrenches of the cone-shaped PSS and the formation mechanism of subtrenches were investigated. The profiles of patterns were characterized by FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscope). It showed that the subtrench size varied with the operating pressure and the RF bias power. As the operating pressure increased from 0.2 Pa to 0.9 Pa, the subtrenches changed from narrow and deep to wide and shallow; then to narrower and shallower. When the RF bias power varied from 200 W to 600 W, the subtrenches gradually became noticeable. The FESEM results also indicated that the subtrenches were formed due to the ion scattering effect which was caused by tapered sidewalls and charges accumulation. It is discovered that the scattering effect is closely related with the operating pressure and RF bias power.