软件产品线在电子对抗自动测试体系中的应用

为解决电子对抗装备自动测试系列化产品重复研制率高、开发量大的问题,提出自动测试产品线体系架构。通过构建共性平台屏蔽硬件差异,实现测试程序的可移植性;设计电子对抗测试子项(TS),通过TS的组装配置应对测试需求的变化,实现测试程序的有效复用;利用测试需求描述、配置管理和协议适配等核心资产,使产品线具备简单、快速演化能力。以应用工程为例展示产品线快速演化过程,并将产品线与其他两种开发方法进行量化对比,表明产品线在提升开发效率和降低成本方面具有较大的优势。

利用测试子网在线监测光纤数字通信传输性能

介绍了在线监测光纤数字通信线路传输性能的测试子网方法和测试结果。实际使用表明，该方法适合我国国情，具有重要推广应用前景。

大型设备的声功率级声强测试方法

大型机电设备的声功率级在典型工况下的测试是噪声测试的难点,为此以声强法测试技术为手段,研究了大型风力发电机在生产环境中的噪声声功率级测试方法。通过理论分析和实际测试,研究了离散点声强测试和扫描声强测试两种基本方法以及子面分离测试的理论基础。在对设备的声辐射表面采用两种基本方法进行整体测试的同时,比较了将设备噪声辐射面划分为若干个子面的分离测试方法。结果表明,对于大型机电设备采用离散点法和扫描法都能满足工程测试精度的要求,采用子面分离测试同样能达到整体测试的结果。同时,利用子面声强测试的结果还可以对多声源设备中的各组合声源进行声功率级排序,确定多声源设备的主要噪声源。

基于基本路径集算法生成最小长度测试序列的方法

在协议工程中,一致性测试已成为非常活跃的领域,而测试序列的产生是一致性测试非常关键的环节。文章基于基本路径集的生成算法,获得不相交路径,并利用测试子序列的一个重要特征—“重叠”来获得连接正收敛边和不相交路径的最小费用迁移路径,从而减少了测试序列的长度。

简谈CTCS-3级列控车载设备测试序列的生成方法和原则

随着国内对CTCS-3级列控系统的深入研究,对相关的安全产品的测试方法提出更高的要求。探讨适用于CTCS-3级列控车载设备功能测试的测试序列的生成方法和原则,为提高测试效率和实现自动化测试奠定基础。

一种提高一致性测试错误检测能力的方法

在协议工程中，一致性测试已成为非常活跃的领域，而测试序列的产生是一致 性测试非常关键的环节。文章在“Old”方法的基础上，通过补充协议规范的定义，获得了 一种提高一致性测试检测能力的“New”方法。两种方法相结合，可以获得具有几乎完美的 错误检测能力的测试序列。

基于子空间正交性的主瓣干扰抑制算法

针对基于特征投影预处理的主瓣干扰抑制算法中主瓣干扰对应的特征向量难以分辨的问题,提出一种基于子空间正交性的主瓣干扰抑制算法。该方法首先利用主瓣大致区域这一先验知识求出主瓣子空间;再将采样协方差矩阵进行特征分解,得到干扰对应的特征向量并逐一在主瓣子空间中进行正交性测试,筛选出主瓣干扰对应的特征向量;然后利用特征投影矩阵预处理抑制实际接收数据中的主瓣干扰成分;最后,通过协方差重构求解自适应权矢量去除旁瓣干扰。仿真实验结果表明,子空间正交性验证能够检测出多个主瓣干扰对应的特征向量,能够有效抑制多个主瓣干扰,避免了基于特征投影矩阵预处理和协方差矩阵重构的主瓣干扰抑制算法仅能抑制单个主瓣干扰的问题。

网络协议漏洞分析测试平台建设

伴随着日益复杂多样化的网络攻击工具和手法的出现,传统的网络攻击检测方法已经无法满足当前网络攻击检测的要求,网络协议漏洞分析测试平台应运而生,但是就目前的情况来说,现有的网络协议漏洞分析平台出现速度缓慢滞后,难以快速发现零日漏洞攻击以及难以进行防御和修复等缺点。基于上述原因,本文提出的网络协议漏洞分析测试平台主要由虚拟化测试云子平台、数据分析子平台、自动化漏洞测试子平台和Fuzzing测试子平台组成,经测试该平台可以支撑用户实现一系列标准化安全检测与分析服务。

面向IMA平台的可持续环境试验软件设计

针对综合处理机环境试验软件单次测试效率低、试验时间过长的问题,设计了一种可持续的综合处理机环境试验软件设计方法。根据环境试验不同测试项的依赖关系分析,提出多测试子图并发测试优化方法,减少故障导致的测试中断,提升单次测试效率;针对网络测试子图的环形拓扑结构会导致单点故障造成测试中止的问题,设计了星型网络测试拓扑结构,实现单点网络故障条件下的网络测试可持续;提出了循环测试优化设计、备份主控优化设计、结构化故障现场记录设计方法进一步提升单次环境试验的测试效率和测试结果分析效率。针对某型综合处理机环境试验测试结果表明,提出的软件设计方法大大提升了环境试验的效率,缩短了环境试验总时间。

CINRAD/SA雷达诊断工具的释用

敏视达公司生产的CINRAD/SA多普勒天气雷达系统中,包含一个独立运行的雷达诊断工具软件RDASOT(雷达数据采集系统运行测试Radar DataAcquisition System Operability Test),RDASOT是专用于确定雷达数据采集单元RDA(Radar Data Acquisition)硬件状态及增强维护能力的软件,是帮助雷达保障人员进行故障诊断测试的辅助工具。RDASOT主要运用于诊断测试、标定测试和辅助维护。

利用三坐标测量仪拼接检测大口径非球面面形

为了利用三坐标测量仪实现对大口径非球面面形的检测,提出了大口径非球面面形三坐标拼接测试方法。对该方法的基本原理与具体的实现流程进行了分析和研究,并基于初级像差理论和最小二乘拟合建立了三坐标拼接检验大口径非球面综合优化数学模型。结合实例,对一口径为1 200 mm×434 mm的长条形SiC离轴非球面反射镜进行了两个子孔径的三坐标拼接检测,并将拼接测试结果与非球面全口径轮廓检测结果进行了比对,其PV值和RMS值的偏差分别仅为0.073μm和0.042μm;两种方法面形残差的PV值和RMS值分别为0.325μm和0.055μm。

A Radial Stub Test Circuit for Microwave Power Devices

With the principles of microwave circuits and semiconductor device physics, two microwave power device test circuits combined with a test fixture are designed and simulated, whose properties are evaluated by a parameter network analyzer within the frequency range from 3 to 8GHz. The simulation and experimental results verify that the test circuit with a radial stub is better than that without. As an example, a C-band AlGaN/GaN HEMT microwave power device is tested with the designed circuit and fixture. With a 5.4GHz microwave input signal,the maximum gain is 8.75dB,and the maximum output power is 33.2dBm.

Path Analysis on the Meteorological Factors Impacting Soil Respiration Rate of Wheat Field

[Objective]The experiment aimed to study the effects of meteorological factors under different weather conditions on soil respiration. [ Method] The path analysis was used to analyze meteorological factors which influenced soil respiration of wheat field under different weather condition and at jointing stage. [ Result] In sunny day, the correlations between ground temperature at 5 cm, solar radiation, air relative humidity, air temperature and soil respiration were all at significant level while solar radiation and ground temperature at 5 cm were the major factors which influenced soil respiration. In cloudy day, solar radiation was a major factor which influenced soil respiration.[ Conclusion] The soil respiration and surplus path coefficient in sunny day were all higher than these in cloudy day, which demonstrated that except influenced by ground temperature, air temperature, solar radiation and air relative humidity, the soil respiration was also influenced by other factors especially biological factor.

Noninvasive molecular analysis of Helicobacter pylori : Is it time for tailored first-line therapy?

The main problem of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection management is linked to antibiotic resistances. This phenomenon has grown in the last decade, inducing a dramatic decline in conventional regimen effectiveness. The causes of resistance are point mutations in bacterial DNA, which interfere with antibiotic mechanism of action, especially clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Therefore, international guidelines have recently discouraged their use in areas with a relevant resistance percentage, suggesting first-line schedules with expected high eradication rates, i.e., bismuth containing or non-bismuth quadruple therapies. These regimens require the daily assumption of a large number of tablets. Consequently, a complete adherence is expected only in subjects who may be motivated by the presence of major disorders. However, an incomplete adherence to antibiotic therapies may lead to resistance onset, since sub-inhibitory concentrations could stimulate the selection of resistant mutants. Of note, a recent meta-analysis suggests that susceptibility tests may be more useful for the choice of first than second-line or rescue treatment. Additionally, susceptibility guided therapy has been demonstrated to be highly effective and superior to empiric treatments by both meta-analyses and recent clinical studies. Conventional susceptibility test is represented by culture and antibiogram. However, the method is not available everywhere mainly for methodology-related factors and fails to detect hetero-resistances. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based, culture-free techniques on gastric biopsy samples are accurate in finding even minimal traces of genotypic resistant strains and hetero-resistant status by the identification of specific point mutations. The need for an invasive endoscopic procedure has been the most important limit to their spread. A further step has, moreover, been the detection of point mutations in bacterial DNA fecal samples. Few studies on clarithromycin susceptibility have shown an overall high sensitivity and specificity when compared with culture or PCR on gastric biopsies. On these bases, two commercial tests are now available although they have shown some controversial findings. A novel PCR method showed a full concordance between tissue and stool results in a preliminary experience. In conclusion, despite poor validation, there is increasing evidence of a potential availability of noninvasive investigations able to detect H. pylori resistances to antibiotics. These kinds of analysis are currently at a very early phase of development and caution should be paid about their clinical application. Only further studies aimed to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity will afford novel data for solid considerations. Nevertheless, noninvasive molecular tests may improve patient compliance, time/cost of infection management and therapeutic outcome. Moreover, the potential risk of a future increase of resistance to quadruple regimens as a consequence of their use on large scale and incomplete patient adherence could be avoided.

Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges

Human bocavirus(HBoV) is a parvovirus isolated about a decade ago and found worldwide in both respiratory samples, mainly from early life and children of 6-24 mo of age with acute respiratory infection, and in stool samples, from patients with gastroenteritis. Since then, other viruses related to the first HBoV isolate(HBoV 1), namely HBoV 2, HBoV 3 and HBoV 4, have been detected principally in human faeces. HBo Vs are small nonenveloped single-stranded DNA viruses of about 5300 nucleotides, consisting of three open reading frames encoding the first two the non-structural protein 1(NS1) and nuclear phosphoprotein(NP1) and the third the viral capsid proteins 1 and 2(VP1 and VP2). HBoV pathogenicity remains to be fully clarified mainly due to the lack of animal models for the difficulties in replicating the virus in in vitro cell cultures, and the fact that HBo V infection is frequently accompanied by at least another viral and/or bacterial respiratory and/or gastroenteric pathogen infection. Current diagnostic methods to support HBoV detection include polymerase chain reaction, real-time PCR, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunoassay using recombinant VP2 or virus-like particle capsid proteins, although sequence-independent amplification techniques combined with next-generation sequencing platforms promise rapid and simultaneous detection of the pathogens in the future. This review presents the current knowledge on HBoV genotypes with emphasis on taxonomy, phylogenetic relationship and genomic analysis, biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods. The emerging discussion on HBoV s as true pathogen or innocent bystander is also emphasized.

AN ALGORITHM FOR AUTOMATICALLY GENERATING BLACK-BOX TEST CASES

Selection of test cases plays a key role in improving testing efficiency. Black-box testing is an important way of testing, and its validity lies on the selection of test cases in some sense. A reasonable and effective method about the selection and generation of test cases is urgently needed. This letter first introduces some usualmethods on black-box test case generation,then proposes a new algorithm based on interface parameters and discusses its properties, finally shows the effectiveness of the algorithm.

应用于波束域的改进TOFS算法

频域子空间正交性测试(TOFS)算法是一种较新的宽带信号高分辨到达角估计方法。该方法通过角度和频率构造向量,判断该向量和各个不同频点上的噪声子空间的正交性程度来进行角度估计,摆脱了预估角度的束缚,从而避开了构造聚焦矩阵的处理过程,但是该方法不具备处理相干信号的能力。针对此问题,将矩阵共轭重构算法与TOFS算法相结合,提出了一种改进的TOFS算法。改进后的算法能很好地估计出相干信号的方位,并且提高了算法精度。阵元数对算法的运算量影响较大,随着阵元数的增多,算法的运算量会急剧增大。将改进后的TOFS算法应用于波束域中,运算量大大降低,并且没有影响其在阵元空间中的性能。仿真实验结果证明了该改进算法的估计性能优于原算法。

Effect of heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties of butt-welded dissimilar magnesium alloys joint

The effects of heat input on the microstructures and mechanical properties of tungsten inert gas （TIG） butt-welded AZ31/MB3 dissimilar Mg alloys joint were investigated by microstructural observations, microhardness testing and tensile testing. The results reveal that with the increase of heat input, the width of welding seam increases obviously and the grains both in the fusion zone and the heat affected zone coarsen during TIG welding process. The tensile strength of butt-welded joint increases with the increase of heat input and the maximum joining strength of 242 MPa is obtained with wedding current of 90 A. However, lots of welding pores occur with the further increase of heat input, which results in the decrease of joining strength. It is experimentally demonstrated that robust joint can be obtained by TIG welding process.

Macrobenthic assemblages of the Changjiang River estuary (Yangtze River, China) and adjacent continental shelf relative to mild summer hypoxia

To assess the effects of hypoxia, macrobenthic communities along an estuarine gradient of the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf were analyzed. This revealed spatial variations in the communities and relationships with environmental variables during periods of reduced dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration in summer. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in macrobenthic community composition among the three zones： estuarine zone （EZ）, mildly hypoxic zone （MHZ） in the continental shelf, and norrnoxic zone （NZ） in the continental shelf（Global R=0.206, P=0.002）. Pairwise tests showed that the macrobenthic community composition of the EZ was significantly different from the MHZ （pairwise test R=0.305, P=0.001） and the NZ （pairwise test R=0.259, P=-0.001）. There was no significant difference in macrobenthic communities between the MHZ and the NZ （pairwise test R=0.062, P=-0.114）. The taxa included small and typically opportunistic polychaetes, which made the greatest contribution to the dissimilarity between the zones. The effects of mild hypoxia on the macrobenthic communities are a result not only of reduced DO concentration but also of differences in environmental variables such as temperature, salinity, and nutrient concentrations caused by stratification.

Reliability testing and reliability analysis of the over-load protective relay

The over-load protective relay is widely used directly affects the safe running of a motor. The reliability for motor protection. The reliability of the over-load protective relay testing and reliability analysis of the over-load protective relay is an important way to improve the reliability of products. In this paper, the reliability test method of the over-load protective relay is studied, and the reliability tests of the typical products are carried out on a reliability tester developed by authors. In terms of the testing results, the reliability analysis is finished. The failure reasons are found and the measures are put forward to improve the reliability of the products.