Boehmeria nivea var.strigosa Zeng Y.Wu&Y.Zhao,a new variety of B.nivea(Urticaceae)from Southwest China,is here described based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogeny.This new variety is mainly charact...Boehmeria nivea var.strigosa Zeng Y.Wu&Y.Zhao,a new variety of B.nivea(Urticaceae)from Southwest China,is here described based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogeny.This new variety is mainly characterized by its green abaxial leaf blade,partly connate stipules,and densely patent strigose hairs on stems and potioles.The phylogenetic analysis based on rbc L,nrDNA and rbc L+nrDNA datasets,revealed that all individuals of B.nivea var.strigosa formed a monophyletic group.The conservation status of B.nivea var.strigosa is assessed as“Near Threatened”(NT)according to IUCN evaluation criteria.The discovery of this new variety is not only crucial for the taxonomy of ramie,but also provides reference for the exploration and utilization of ramie.展开更多
Objective: To study the role of 125 I and 125 I plus gemcitabine (GEM) in treatment of unresectable carcinoma of pancreas. Methods: From April 2000 to April 2003, 38 untreated patients with locally advanced pan...Objective: To study the role of 125 I and 125 I plus gemcitabine (GEM) in treatment of unresectable carcinoma of pancreas. Methods: From April 2000 to April 2003, 38 untreated patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) were collected and randomized into two groups: Arm A 125 I (18 patients) and Arm B 125 I+GEM (20 patients). Eligibility criteria were: cytologically and pathologically proven pancreatic carcinoma, Karnofsky performance status (kps) 60 80, age 18 75 years, adequate hematological, renal and liver function, and controllable pain. Arm A patients were treated with 125 I implants. Arm B patients started chemotherapy within 10 14 d post operatively following the implant procedure. Chemotherapy doses were as follows: GEM 1 000 mg/m 2 weekly × 3 followed by 1 week of rest for 3 cycles. In addition, all patients underwent laparotomy and surgical staging. The surgical procedures performed were biopsy, gastric bypass and biliary bypass. The total activity and number of seeds used were as recommended by Anderson. The mean activity, minimal peripheral dose (MPD), and volume of implants were 20 mCi, 14 000 cGy, and 53 cm 3, respectively. Results: Overall response rate (CR+PR) in Arm A was 37.6% and in Arm B it was 44.5% ( P >0.05). PR median duration in Arm A was 6.7 months and in Arm B it was 4.8 months ( P <0.05). Clinical benefit response was experienced by 11.7 % of Arm A compared with 42.1% of Arm B ( P <0.05). The incidences of hematological toxicity (such as neutropenia) between Arm A and Arm B were 5.8% and 21.1%, respectively ( P >0.05). The survival rates of 12 and 24 month were 32.5%, 16.3% for Arm A and 61%, 38.7% for Arm B ( P =0.04). The rate of complication of Arm A was lower than that of Arm B without statistical significance. Conclusion: To some extent, 125 I or 125 I plus GEM is able to lead to a moderate objective response for LAPC with obstructive jaundice on the base of biliary bypass or/and gastric bypass, but 125 I plus GEM is more effective than 125 I in improvement of the quality of life and survival rate in patients with LAPC.展开更多
Molecular identification on diploid and tetraploid watermelon breeding lines which were resistant to Fusarium wilt was carried out with the published dCAPS marker ＂4451_fon＂ which was closely linked with resistance ...Molecular identification on diploid and tetraploid watermelon breeding lines which were resistant to Fusarium wilt was carried out with the published dCAPS marker ＂4451_fon＂ which was closely linked with resistance gene of Fusarium wilt race 1. The results showed that all the diploid and tetraploid lines expressed as re- sistant genotype, which were defined as Fusarium wilt-resistant materials. The re- sults were consistent with that of artificial inoculation identification. Molecular identifi- cation results also indicated that the resistant lines were homozygote, and the Fusarium wilt-resistant gene would not separate or lose during the future self- crossed purification. Therefore, resistance selection would not be necessary in their progeny populations. The study results thought that dCAPS marker ＂4451_fon＂ could be applied on molecular marker assisted selection for Fusarium wilt resistance breeding in watermelon to increase breeding selection efficiency and accelerate breeding progress.展开更多
The present reported study investigated the persistence of snow anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) from the preceding seasons to summer and the relationship between the previous snow cover anomaly and summer preci...The present reported study investigated the persistence of snow anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) from the preceding seasons to summer and the relationship between the previous snow cover anomaly and summer precipitation over East Asia. The results showed that, relative to other snow indices, such as the station observational snow depth(SOSD) index and the snow water equivalent(SWE) index, the snow cover area proportion(SCAP) index calculated from the SWE and the percentage of visible snow of the Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids(EASE-grids) dataset has a higher persistence in interannual anomalies, particularly from May to summer. As such, the May SCAP index is significantly related to summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region. The persistence of the SCAP index can partly explain the season-delayed effect of snow cover over the TP on summer rainfall over the Meiyu-Baiu region besides the contribution of the soil moisture bridge. The preceding SST anomaly in the tropical Indian Ocean and ENSO can persist through the summer and affect the summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region. However, the May SCAP index is mostly independent of the simultaneous SSTs in the tropical Indian Ocean and the preceding ENSO and may affect the summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region independent of the effects of the SST anomalies. Therefore, the May SCAP over the TP could be regarded as an important supplementary factor in the forecasting of summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region.展开更多
Eighty-one species of fossil spores and pollen assigned to 52 genera are found from the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao, Sanjianfang and Qiketai Formations of boreholes Le 1, Mi 1, Shan 1 and Dun 1 in the northern Turpan De...Eighty-one species of fossil spores and pollen assigned to 52 genera are found from the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao, Sanjianfang and Qiketai Formations of boreholes Le 1, Mi 1, Shan 1 and Dun 1 in the northern Turpan Depression, Xinjiang, northwest China. Three assemblages have been proposed as: Cyathidites-Psophosphaera-Cycadopites assemblage, Cyathidites-Quadraceculina-Classopollis assemblage and Cyathidites-Callialasporites-Classopollis assemblage obtained from the Xishanyao Formation, the Sanjianfang Formation and Qiketai Formation respectively. Based on the sporo-pollen assemblage features and con-elation, their geological ages are regarded as of Middle Jurassic, probably Aalenian to Bathonian. The results of the study indicate that the vegetation of early Middle Jurassic in this region consisted mainly of Gymnospermae of Ginkgoaceae of Cycadales, Podocarpaceae, Pinaceae and Pteridophyta of Cyatheacene, Osmundaceae, Lycopodiaceae and Dicksoniaceae, etc. They reflect a warm-moist subtropic climate. To the middle-late Middle Jurassic, Cheirolepidaceae was dominant in the vegetation, which indicates that the climate was in the trend of becoming dry.展开更多
The railway tunnel concrete lining exposed to sulfate-bearing groundwater beyond 40 years in southwest of China was investigated. Field investigation, sulfate ions content and corroded products analysis, macro/microsc...The railway tunnel concrete lining exposed to sulfate-bearing groundwater beyond 40 years in southwest of China was investigated. Field investigation, sulfate ions content and corroded products analysis, macro/microscopic test were carried out. Results show that under the tunnel concrete lining structure and its served environmental conditions, sulfate solutions permeate concrete lining and accumulate on windward-side of concrete lining, resulting in the increase of sulfate ions content on windward-side and the diffusion of sulfate ions from windward-side to waterward-side, which cause the concrete lining of windward-side damaged seriously but the waterward-side of concrete lining is still in perfect condition. It is confirmed that structural characteristic of tunnel and environmental conditions lead to physical attack with the leaching of concrete and sodium sulfate crystallization as well as chemical corrosion with formation of gypsum in high sulfate concentration and formation of thaumasite in proper temperature rather than formation of ettringite. These achievements can provide academic and technical supports for understanding the deterioration mechanism of concrete lining as well as constructing railway tunnel under sulfate attack.展开更多
Experiments were carried out to study the effect of two fungal bioagents along with mustard oil cake and furadan against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato under greenhouse condition. Bioagents ...Experiments were carried out to study the effect of two fungal bioagents along with mustard oil cake and furadan against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato under greenhouse condition. Bioagents viz., Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma viride alone or in combination with mustard cake and furadan promoted plant growth, reduced number of galls/plant, egg masses/root system and eggs/egg mass. The fungal bioagents along with mustard cake and nematicide showed least nematodes reproduction factor as compared to untreated infested soil.展开更多
In this paper,we study the complete space-like submanifold Mn with constant scalar curvature R≤c in the de Sitter space Spn+p(c) and obtain a pinching condition for Mn to be totally umbilical ones.The result generali...In this paper,we study the complete space-like submanifold Mn with constant scalar curvature R≤c in the de Sitter space Spn+p(c) and obtain a pinching condition for Mn to be totally umbilical ones.The result generalizes that in [5,Main Theorem] to higher codimension and give a complement for n=2 there.展开更多
AIM: To study the effect of infliximab on fatigue in relation to cytokine levels in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. METHODS: Fourteen CD patients were blinded for treatment and received placebo at baseline, and inf...AIM: To study the effect of infliximab on fatigue in relation to cytokine levels in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. METHODS: Fourteen CD patients were blinded for treatment and received placebo at baseline, and infliximab 2 wk later, with a follow-up of 4 wk. Blood samples were drawn on a regular basis, and questionnaires on fatigue, depression, quality of life, and clinical disease activity were completed at regular intervals. RESULTS: After placebo infusion, fatigue scores decreased within 3 d (3.5 points±1.1, P≤0.01), but returned to baseline values 14 d after this infusion. The drop of fatigue scores following infliximab infusion sustained until the end of the study (3.8 points±1.4, P≤0.05). Quality of life was increased at the end of the study compared to baseline values (138.6±9.4 vs 179.4±6.7; P≤0.005), whereas depression scores were decreased (20.4±9.4 vs 11.3±2.2; P≤0.01). No correlation between the severity of fatigue and the level of cytokines was observed. CONCLUSION: The reduction of fatigue after infliximab infusion is subjective to a placebo effect. The effect of infliximab on fatigue, however, persists while the placebo effect disappears after a short period of time. A clear role of cytokines could not be substantiated.展开更多
Objective： The aim of this work was to quantify the extent of set-up errors to conduct a quality assurance （QA） aspect of treatment delivery, verification of the treatment field＇s position on different days using ...Objective： The aim of this work was to quantify the extent of set-up errors to conduct a quality assurance （QA） aspect of treatment delivery, verification of the treatment field＇s position on different days using electronic portal. Methods： This study was carried out on 12 patients, treated for pelvis tumor; and total of 240 images obtained by electronic portal image device （EPID） were analyzed. The EPIs acquire using EPID attached to the Siemens linear accelerator. The anatomy match- ing software （Theraview） was used and displacement in two dimensions were noted for each treatment field to study patient setup errors. Results： The percentages of mean deviations less than 5 mm in X direction were 65% ＆ 92%, from 5-10 mm were 31% ＆ 19% and more than 10 mm were 11% ＆ 9% forNP and lateral direction respectively. The percentages of mean deviations less than 5 mm in Y direction were 65% ＆ 63%, from 5-10 mm were 33% ＆ 28% and more than 10 mm were 22% ＆ 29%. The mean deviations in 2D-vector errors were 〈 5 mm in 47% and 46%, 5-10 mm in 36% and 37% and 〉 10 mm in 37% and 37% of images in the NP and lateral direction respectively. Conclusion： The results revealed that the ranges of set up errors are immobilization method to improve reproducibility. The observed variations were not within the limits..展开更多
文摘Boehmeria nivea var.strigosa Zeng Y.Wu&Y.Zhao,a new variety of B.nivea(Urticaceae)from Southwest China,is here described based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogeny.This new variety is mainly characterized by its green abaxial leaf blade,partly connate stipules,and densely patent strigose hairs on stems and potioles.The phylogenetic analysis based on rbc L,nrDNA and rbc L+nrDNA datasets,revealed that all individuals of B.nivea var.strigosa formed a monophyletic group.The conservation status of B.nivea var.strigosa is assessed as“Near Threatened”(NT)according to IUCN evaluation criteria.The discovery of this new variety is not only crucial for the taxonomy of ramie,but also provides reference for the exploration and utilization of ramie.
文摘Objective: To study the role of 125 I and 125 I plus gemcitabine (GEM) in treatment of unresectable carcinoma of pancreas. Methods: From April 2000 to April 2003, 38 untreated patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) were collected and randomized into two groups: Arm A 125 I (18 patients) and Arm B 125 I+GEM (20 patients). Eligibility criteria were: cytologically and pathologically proven pancreatic carcinoma, Karnofsky performance status (kps) 60 80, age 18 75 years, adequate hematological, renal and liver function, and controllable pain. Arm A patients were treated with 125 I implants. Arm B patients started chemotherapy within 10 14 d post operatively following the implant procedure. Chemotherapy doses were as follows: GEM 1 000 mg/m 2 weekly × 3 followed by 1 week of rest for 3 cycles. In addition, all patients underwent laparotomy and surgical staging. The surgical procedures performed were biopsy, gastric bypass and biliary bypass. The total activity and number of seeds used were as recommended by Anderson. The mean activity, minimal peripheral dose (MPD), and volume of implants were 20 mCi, 14 000 cGy, and 53 cm 3, respectively. Results: Overall response rate (CR+PR) in Arm A was 37.6% and in Arm B it was 44.5% ( P >0.05). PR median duration in Arm A was 6.7 months and in Arm B it was 4.8 months ( P <0.05). Clinical benefit response was experienced by 11.7 % of Arm A compared with 42.1% of Arm B ( P <0.05). The incidences of hematological toxicity (such as neutropenia) between Arm A and Arm B were 5.8% and 21.1%, respectively ( P >0.05). The survival rates of 12 and 24 month were 32.5%, 16.3% for Arm A and 61%, 38.7% for Arm B ( P =0.04). The rate of complication of Arm A was lower than that of Arm B without statistical significance. Conclusion: To some extent, 125 I or 125 I plus GEM is able to lead to a moderate objective response for LAPC with obstructive jaundice on the base of biliary bypass or/and gastric bypass, but 125 I plus GEM is more effective than 125 I in improvement of the quality of life and survival rate in patients with LAPC.
基金Supported by"12th Five-Year Plan"of National Science and Technology Plan Project in Rural Areas Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2015-ZFRI-06)~~
文摘Molecular identification on diploid and tetraploid watermelon breeding lines which were resistant to Fusarium wilt was carried out with the published dCAPS marker ＂4451_fon＂ which was closely linked with resistance gene of Fusarium wilt race 1. The results showed that all the diploid and tetraploid lines expressed as re- sistant genotype, which were defined as Fusarium wilt-resistant materials. The re- sults were consistent with that of artificial inoculation identification. Molecular identifi- cation results also indicated that the resistant lines were homozygote, and the Fusarium wilt-resistant gene would not separate or lose during the future self- crossed purification. Therefore, resistance selection would not be necessary in their progeny populations. The study results thought that dCAPS marker ＂4451_fon＂ could be applied on molecular marker assisted selection for Fusarium wilt resistance breeding in watermelon to increase breeding selection efficiency and accelerate breeding progress.
基金support of the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41271434 and 41375090)the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (Grant No. CUHK403612)the Basic Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (Grant No. 2013Z002)
文摘The present reported study investigated the persistence of snow anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) from the preceding seasons to summer and the relationship between the previous snow cover anomaly and summer precipitation over East Asia. The results showed that, relative to other snow indices, such as the station observational snow depth(SOSD) index and the snow water equivalent(SWE) index, the snow cover area proportion(SCAP) index calculated from the SWE and the percentage of visible snow of the Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids(EASE-grids) dataset has a higher persistence in interannual anomalies, particularly from May to summer. As such, the May SCAP index is significantly related to summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region. The persistence of the SCAP index can partly explain the season-delayed effect of snow cover over the TP on summer rainfall over the Meiyu-Baiu region besides the contribution of the soil moisture bridge. The preceding SST anomaly in the tropical Indian Ocean and ENSO can persist through the summer and affect the summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region. However, the May SCAP index is mostly independent of the simultaneous SSTs in the tropical Indian Ocean and the preceding ENSO and may affect the summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region independent of the effects of the SST anomalies. Therefore, the May SCAP over the TP could be regarded as an important supplementary factor in the forecasting of summer precipitation over the Meiyu-Baiu region.
文摘Eighty-one species of fossil spores and pollen assigned to 52 genera are found from the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao, Sanjianfang and Qiketai Formations of boreholes Le 1, Mi 1, Shan 1 and Dun 1 in the northern Turpan Depression, Xinjiang, northwest China. Three assemblages have been proposed as: Cyathidites-Psophosphaera-Cycadopites assemblage, Cyathidites-Quadraceculina-Classopollis assemblage and Cyathidites-Callialasporites-Classopollis assemblage obtained from the Xishanyao Formation, the Sanjianfang Formation and Qiketai Formation respectively. Based on the sporo-pollen assemblage features and con-elation, their geological ages are regarded as of Middle Jurassic, probably Aalenian to Bathonian. The results of the study indicate that the vegetation of early Middle Jurassic in this region consisted mainly of Gymnospermae of Ginkgoaceae of Cycadales, Podocarpaceae, Pinaceae and Pteridophyta of Cyatheacene, Osmundaceae, Lycopodiaceae and Dicksoniaceae, etc. They reflect a warm-moist subtropic climate. To the middle-late Middle Jurassic, Cheirolepidaceae was dominant in the vegetation, which indicates that the climate was in the trend of becoming dry.
基金Project(51108463) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(11B041) supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department of ChinaProject(NCET-10-0839) supported by Ministry Education of China
文摘The railway tunnel concrete lining exposed to sulfate-bearing groundwater beyond 40 years in southwest of China was investigated. Field investigation, sulfate ions content and corroded products analysis, macro/microscopic test were carried out. Results show that under the tunnel concrete lining structure and its served environmental conditions, sulfate solutions permeate concrete lining and accumulate on windward-side of concrete lining, resulting in the increase of sulfate ions content on windward-side and the diffusion of sulfate ions from windward-side to waterward-side, which cause the concrete lining of windward-side damaged seriously but the waterward-side of concrete lining is still in perfect condition. It is confirmed that structural characteristic of tunnel and environmental conditions lead to physical attack with the leaching of concrete and sodium sulfate crystallization as well as chemical corrosion with formation of gypsum in high sulfate concentration and formation of thaumasite in proper temperature rather than formation of ettringite. These achievements can provide academic and technical supports for understanding the deterioration mechanism of concrete lining as well as constructing railway tunnel under sulfate attack.
文摘Experiments were carried out to study the effect of two fungal bioagents along with mustard oil cake and furadan against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato under greenhouse condition. Bioagents viz., Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma viride alone or in combination with mustard cake and furadan promoted plant growth, reduced number of galls/plant, egg masses/root system and eggs/egg mass. The fungal bioagents along with mustard cake and nematicide showed least nematodes reproduction factor as compared to untreated infested soil.
文摘In this paper,we study the complete space-like submanifold Mn with constant scalar curvature R≤c in the de Sitter space Spn+p(c) and obtain a pinching condition for Mn to be totally umbilical ones.The result generalizes that in [5,Main Theorem] to higher codimension and give a complement for n=2 there.
文摘AIM: To study the effect of infliximab on fatigue in relation to cytokine levels in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. METHODS: Fourteen CD patients were blinded for treatment and received placebo at baseline, and infliximab 2 wk later, with a follow-up of 4 wk. Blood samples were drawn on a regular basis, and questionnaires on fatigue, depression, quality of life, and clinical disease activity were completed at regular intervals. RESULTS: After placebo infusion, fatigue scores decreased within 3 d (3.5 points±1.1, P≤0.01), but returned to baseline values 14 d after this infusion. The drop of fatigue scores following infliximab infusion sustained until the end of the study (3.8 points±1.4, P≤0.05). Quality of life was increased at the end of the study compared to baseline values (138.6±9.4 vs 179.4±6.7; P≤0.005), whereas depression scores were decreased (20.4±9.4 vs 11.3±2.2; P≤0.01). No correlation between the severity of fatigue and the level of cytokines was observed. CONCLUSION: The reduction of fatigue after infliximab infusion is subjective to a placebo effect. The effect of infliximab on fatigue, however, persists while the placebo effect disappears after a short period of time. A clear role of cytokines could not be substantiated.
文摘Objective： The aim of this work was to quantify the extent of set-up errors to conduct a quality assurance （QA） aspect of treatment delivery, verification of the treatment field＇s position on different days using electronic portal. Methods： This study was carried out on 12 patients, treated for pelvis tumor; and total of 240 images obtained by electronic portal image device （EPID） were analyzed. The EPIs acquire using EPID attached to the Siemens linear accelerator. The anatomy match- ing software （Theraview） was used and displacement in two dimensions were noted for each treatment field to study patient setup errors. Results： The percentages of mean deviations less than 5 mm in X direction were 65% ＆ 92%, from 5-10 mm were 31% ＆ 19% and more than 10 mm were 11% ＆ 9% forNP and lateral direction respectively. The percentages of mean deviations less than 5 mm in Y direction were 65% ＆ 63%, from 5-10 mm were 33% ＆ 28% and more than 10 mm were 22% ＆ 29%. The mean deviations in 2D-vector errors were 〈 5 mm in 47% and 46%, 5-10 mm in 36% and 37% and 〉 10 mm in 37% and 37% of images in the NP and lateral direction respectively. Conclusion： The results revealed that the ranges of set up errors are immobilization method to improve reproducibility. The observed variations were not within the limits..
