羊膜腔内利凡诺注射配伍米非司酮终止妊娠对缩短产程的临床应用

目的探讨中孕引产加米非司酮对缩短产程的临床应用。方法将孕13周～不满24周的孕妇需要终止妊娠并要求缩短产程,在行羊膜腔内注射利凡诺100mg后服米非司酮50mg,一日三次,总量150mg,服药前后需空腹2h。结果中孕13周～24周行羊膜腔内注射利凡诺注射配伍米非司酮引产,较原来单纯利凡诺腔内注射引产,致胎儿胎盘排出时间平均为48～50h,可提前平均13h。

Research of Synthetic Rules with Mechanical Properties vs Inoculation Degree on Gray Cast Iron

To fit the special needs of gray cast iron as a new engineering material,i.e.,higher σ b and lower HB,or lower σ b and higher HB,using the method of heat analyzing and polyparameters analytic figures,the synthetic rules of carbon saturation degree,inoculation degree and mechanical properties can be exposed.The result shows that,according to the needs of the part′s mechanical properties,referring to the synthetic rules of gray cast iron,the corresponding technological measure and composition proportion can be defined,by which we will get the exact mechanical properties that could achieve the result expected completely.Thus,the casting for gray cast iron might be 'designed'from'selected'.

产后出血原因及相关危险因素临床分析

探讨分析妇产科临床产妇分娩后出现产后出血症状的诱因及有效应对策略。方法 针对2021年1月至2022年1月期间内来我院妇产科临床待产分娩的产妇做回顾性分析,并从中选出256例产后出血者作为观察对象,共分四组对比分析出现产后出血概率较高的诱因。结果 256例产后出血的产妇中,诱因为子宫收缩乏力者占比较高,年龄在30岁以上孕程在40周以下者占比较高,初产妇、剖宫产分娩者占比较高,新生儿体重超过5kg、患妊娠合并症、胎盘存在黏连滞留现象者占比较高。四组数据结果对比差异显著(p<0.05)。结论 产后出血的诱因多种多样,在妇产科临床给予产妇护理时,针对各不安全因素做好预见性的防范措施,完善护理工作流程,按产妇的实际情况适度调整改善护理方法,娩中、娩后加强干预管理,不仅能促使产妇分娩顺利,更能有效控制产后出血情况,临床具有推广意义和应用价值。

The Genetic Mechanism of Wenchuan Earthquake

The genetic mechanism of the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake is still being debated and there is still no convincing general explanation for most of the phenomena. This is because researchers have ignored the important role of the Minshan block in the seismogenic process. The authors present a new opinion based on geological survey and comprehensive analyses. The Minshan block is a key tectonic element of the earthquake occurrence in the northwest triangle faulty block of Sichuan Province. The Minshan block is bordered by Longmen Mountain Range fractures in the south, the Huya fracture in the east, the Tazang fracture in the north and the Mounigou Valley fracture in the west. The rigidity of the block is relatively larger than those of the adjacent regions. The block's eastward movement pushed by regional maximum main geo-stress is limited when it suddenly tapers off near the east triangle end with a bottle-neck effect, and this causes geo-stress concentration around it. The shape of the block is coffin-like, wide in the upper part and narrow in the lower part. When a strong earthquake occurs along the block margins, the lock-up effect temporarily released, resulting in geo-stress transmitted to the Pingwu-Qingchuan (Motianling block) region. This transmission caused the Wenchuan earthquake's aftershocks to be concentrated in Qingchuan region. As the block moved eastward, the back of the block, i.e. the south segment of Mounigou Valley fracture, became active after the Wenchuan Earthquake. Therefore the aftershocks were concentrated along the south segment of Mounigou Valley fracture. Because the south margin is composed of the front range fracture, the geo-stress gradually released, causing many aftershocks along the Guanxian-Anxian fracture. The geological survey made after the Wenchuan Earthquake reveals that the surface ruptures in the south margin of Minshan block occur not along the Beichuan-Yingxiu fracture (central fracture) also along the front range fracture. The length of the surface rupture in the south margin ranges from several meters to several kilometers and it is distributed in en echelon (closely-spaced, parallel or subparallel, step-like surface ruptures). The vertical and horizontal displacements range from place to place and the thrusting component is dominant in the middle segment of Longmen Mountain Range structure belt. Nevertheless, the strike slip of the surface ruptures is dominant in the north segment of Longmen Mountain Range structure belt. Therefore the south margin is the original seismic structure. The sudden thrusting of the south margin of the Minshan block is the source event for the Wenchuan Earthquake.

Studies on the physiological function of spermine in the process of progesterone induced toad oocyte maturation

Spermidine or spermine but not putrescine inhibited progesterone induced Bufo bufo gargarizans oocyte maturation. The ID50 for spermine inhibition via intra - oocyte mi-croinjection on maturation induced by progesterone was 6. 8 mM(100 nl). Spermine could inhibit MPF induced toad oocyte maturation with a much higher ID50.A 55 kD protein was dephosphorylated during the process of progesterone induced oocyte maturation. Spermine selectively promoted the level of phosphorylation of ?this protein in both progesterone - stimulated and hormone - untreated oocytes. The extent of its dephosphorylation was fairly correlated with the percentage of GVBD in the hormone stimulated oocytes.The level of endogenous spermine was reduced by 28% between the period of 0. 40 GVBD50 and 0. 60 GVBD50, at which 55 kD protein was dephosphorylated.Spermine inhibited progesterone - stimulated protein synthesis in almost the same dose dependent manner as its inhibitory effect on the hormone - induced maturation. The endogenous spermine regulated 55 kD protein dephosphorylation which may trigger the increase of protein synthesis and in turn promote the activation of MPF. It is possible that 55 kD protein may be one of the components of messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) particles.

Research Progress on the Problem of Fluid,Heat and Energy Distribution near the Earthquake Source Area

As the basic problems in seismology, fluid, heat and energy distribution near earthquake sources during earthquake generation have been the leading subjects of concern to seismologists. Currently, more and more research shows fluid around earthquake source areas, which plays an important role in the process of earthquake preparation and generation. However, there is considerable controversy over the source of fluid in the deep crust. As for the problem of heat around earthquake source areas, different models have been proposed to explain the stress heat flow paradox. Among them, the dynamic weakening model has been thought to be the key to solving the heat flow paradox issue. After large earthquakes, energy distribution is directly related to friction heat. It is of timely and important practical significance to immediately implement deep drilling in-site surveying to gain understanding of fluid, friction heat and energy distribution during earthquake generation. The latest international progress in fluid, heat and energy distribution research has been reviewed in this paper which will bring important inspiration for the understanding of earthquake preparation and occurrence.

Discussion on the Measurement Method for the Coda Wave Quality Factor

The Quality factor is the parameter that can be used to describe the energy attenuation on seismic wave. In theory, we can obtain the relationship between the change of the coda wave quality factor with time and the strong earthquake preparation process on the basis of the quality factor of a coda wave in a same ray path. However, in reality the coda wave quality factor measured by different seismic coda waves corresponds to different seismic wave ray paths. The change of the quality factor with time is related to non-elastic characteristics of the medium and the volume of scattering ellipsoid constrained by scattered wave phase fronts, besides the change of regional stress field. This paper discusses the relationship between quality factor, epicenter distance and different lapse time, and then discusses the relationship between quality factor and frequency. Furthermore the determination method of the coda wave quality factor is put forward. The improved determination method of the quality factor, which removes the influence of different earthquakes or propagation depth of scattered waves, may increase measurement precision, thus information pertaining to abnormal changes in quality factor and the relationship between the quality factor and earthquake preparation process can be acquired.

Study on the Recurrence Probability of Strong Earthquakes of Faults

Based on the physical model of Brownian passage time,the probabilities of recurrence of strong earthquakes on the major active faults in China are calculated in different predictive time spans,based mainly on the analysis of the earthquake preparation process before a strong earthquake occurs. Furthermore,the seismic risks on active faults are studied. The results show that the earthquake probabilities on the Xianshuihe fault,the Altyn Tagh fault,the east Kunlun fault and Xiaojiang fault are significantly greater than other faults in the Chinese mainland,which indicates that the level of stress accumulation on these faults are higher than on other faults. Therefore,these faults may have a seismic risk for strong earthquake in future.

Analysis on Tectonic Movement of the Longmenshan Fault Zone before the Wenchuan M_S 8. 0 Great Earthquake

On the basis of elastic rebound theory,using the horizontal velocity field of the Chinese mainland calculated from GPS data during three observation periods from 1999 to 2007,the velocity components that are parallel and plumb to the fault zone are calculated respectively for different periods,and then relative ground movements of two sides of the fault zone are analyzed with power function fitting and graphics. The results show that the relative ground movement shows right-lateral shear deformation before the Wenchuan MS8. 0 earthquake,and at the same time the movement was hindered by the Longmenshan fault zone. Thus,this result has positive significance for distinguishing the elastic strain energy accumulation and deformation anomaly in an earthquake preparation process,and for conducting further research on earthquake prediction.

The Geodynamic Mechanism of the M_S8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake

Located on the east boundary of Qinghai-Xizang （Tibet） Plateau, the Ms8.0 Wenchnan earthquake is the strongest event to hit the active block since the 2001 Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake. In this study, a simplified source model of the Wenchnan earthquake is constructed based on the deep/shallow tectonic settings and crust/mantle structure features of the Longmenshan thrust fault zone. On the basis of dynamic model abstraction, we construct a system of dynamical equations for the seismogenic process and obtain the analytical expressions of stress and strain in the seismogenic process. A preliminary study of the seismogenic process of the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, based on the analytical solution of the model and observation of tectonic deformation in the Longmenshan region, indicates that the seismogenic process of the Wenchuan earthquake took place over a period of more than 3200 years. The slow process of seismogeny and the long recurrence period of strong earthquakes are attributed to the low deformation rate of the Longmenshan tectonic zone.

Circumstance Leading to Pregnancy and Problem-Solving Process of Unwanted Teenage Pregnancy in the Phetchaburi Province, Thailand

This descriptive qualitative study aims to understand circumstance leading to pregnancy and problem-solving process of unwanted teenage pregnancy in the Phetchaburi Province. A qualitative research design was used. Participants were 15 unwanted pregnant teenagers, aged between 15 and 19 years. All participants were primiparous and interviewed at postpartum stage. A semi-structured in-depth interview was the main technique of data collection. Data was analyzed using the process of manifest content analysis. Five themes, nine categories, 19 subcategories emerged from the data analysis. The themes were： （1） circumstance leading to pregnancy was the failure of contraceptive use and lack of knowledge about reproductive health; （2） negative emotional reactions included worry about parents＇ rejection and being blamed by others; （3） boyfriend＇s reaction to the pregnancy had a big impact on teen girl＇s feelings toward the situation. The majority of the teenagers＇ pregnancies accepted a child in the womb. The couples did not consider termination of the pregnancy; （4） parent＇s seeking a solution to serve the family dignity by organizing wedding ceremony and collaboratively plans for the future; and （5） life changes after the pregnancy due to the strong concerns about being blamed by the society. Findings from this study suggest that teens should particiPate in sex education classes that are specific for teenagers to prevent becoming pregnant. Moreover, the educational program specific for the teenagers＇ needs should be established so that they can continue their pregnancy without quitting school.

Abnormal strain changes observed at Guza before the Wenchuan earthquake

An YRY-4 type borehole strainmeter at Guza station on the southwest end of the Longmenshan fault zone recorded anomalous changes from time to time since about one year before the Wenchuan earthquake.The anomaly is characterized by steps and/or asymmetrical pulses of short-periods(minutes-hours).Among about one hundred stations over the mainland of China,only Guza,the nearest one to the seismic area,observed such changes.A self-check function of the strainmeter helps confirm the credibility of the observation.The anomalous signals do not correspond to seasonal changes.The consistency in the sense of strain among long-term,anomalous interfering and coseismic changes suggests that they all resulted from the background tectonic movement.Results of an Overrun Rate Analysis further illustrate a close temporal relevance of the anomaly to the Wenchuan earthquake:its increase before,and decrease after the biggest changes during the main shock.The abnormal changes are attributed to local small-scale fractures with an evidential clue that the only Ms4.5 foreshock near Guza station on February 27,2008 produced the biggest anomalous change.By means of Wavelet Decomposition,it is revealed that longer period portion of the anomaly took place later before the main shock,consistent with the idea that scales of small fractures increase during earthquake preparation process.The anomalous strain changes are analogous to the stress changes observed before the 1976 Tangshan earthquake.

Heralded entanglement concentration for photon systems with linear-optical elements

We present two nonlocal entanglement concentration protocols(ECPs)to distill a subset of N-photon systems in a GreenbergerHorne-Zeilinger(GHZ)state or a W state from a set of photon systems in a partially entangled GHZ-like pure state or a lessentangled W-like state with known parameters,respectively.Our ECPs have some advantages.First,our ECPs work in a heralded way with linear-optical elements only,without the postselection based on nonlinear optics,far different from the previous ECPs.Second,they require only a copy of the less-entangled photon system in each round of the entanglement concentration process,not two copies,which decreases the difficulty of their implementation in experiment largely.Third,our ECPs avoid checking the photon number in the output modes of linear-optical elements with the sophisticated single-photon detectors.Moreover,all parties can operate the process for concentration simultaneously and independently,which leads to flexible operations and improves the performance greatly in experiment.These advantages make our ECPs useful in practical applications in long-distance quantum communication network.