This study aimed to comprehensive evaluation of different winter green manure on characterization of nitrogen uptake and utilization, to provide the basis for N fertilizer reasonable operation and characteristics impr...This study aimed to comprehensive evaluation of different winter green manure on characterization of nitrogen uptake and utilization, to provide the basis for N fertilizer reasonable operation and characteristics improvement of nitrogen nutrition in rice high-yield cultivation. This experiment was set to compare milk vetch, rapeseed,ryegrass and mixed of green manure on rice yield, rice growth dynamics and nitrogen uptake and utilization in rice. The results showed that among 4 different winter green manure, the treatment of MV-R-R（milk vetch-rice-rice） for the early rice yield was the most than others treatments. Compared with RG-R-R（ryegrass-rice-rice）, RPR-R（rapeseed-rice-rice）, MS-R-R（mixed green manure-rice-rice）, the treatment of MVR-R inceased by 6.61%, 3.29%, 0.78%, respectively. The treatment of MV-R-R in N content in plant of rice was maximized in the tillering, booting, heading and maturity periods, respectively higher than the average of other treatments 9.68%, 19.72%,6.23% and 8.66%. At tillering, booting, heading and maturity, the treatment of MV-R-R were the highest in N uptake, RP-R-R minimum. The N periodic accumulation for MV-R-R were higher than other treatments in the tillering to booting, booting to heading and heading to maturity periods. The rates respectively were 21.81%, 68.73% and286.5%. In addition, N periodic accumulation and its ratio to total in the heading to maturity was minimum, maximum before tillering under green manure rotation system.So the cropping system of milk vetch-rice-rice could increase nitrogen use efficiency and improve N cycling.展开更多
Study on seasonal responses of terrestrial net primary production (NPP) to climate changes is to help understand feedback between climate systems and terrestrial ecosystems and mechanisms of increased NPP in the north...Study on seasonal responses of terrestrial net primary production (NPP) to climate changes is to help understand feedback between climate systems and terrestrial ecosystems and mechanisms of increased NPP in the northern middle and high latitudes. In this study, time series dataset of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and corresponding ground-based information on vegetation, climate, soil, and solar radiation, together with an ecological process model, were used to explore the seasonal trends of terrestrial NPP and their geographical differences in China from 1982 to 1999. As the results,. seasonal total NPP in China showed a significant increase for all four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) during the past 18 years. The spring NPP indicated the largest increase rate, while the summer NPP was with the largest increase in magnitude. The response of NPP to climate changes varied with different vegetation types. The increased NPP was primarily led by an advanced growing season for broadleaf evergreen forest, needle-leaf evergreen forest, and needle-leaf deciduous forest, whilst that was mainly due to enhanced vegetation activity (amplitude of growth cycle) during growing season for broadleaf deciduous forest, broadleaf and needle-leaf mixed forest, broadleaf trees with groundcover, perennial grasslands, broadleaf shrubs with grasslands, tundra, desert, and cultivation. The regions with the largest increase in spring NPP appeared mainly in eastern China, while the areas with the largest increase in summer NPP occurred in most parts of Northwestern China, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Mts. Xiaoxinganling-Changbaishan, Sanjiang Plain, Songliao Plain, Sichuan Basin, Leizhou Peninsula, part of the middle and lower Yangtze River, and southeastern mountainous areas of China. In autumn, the largest NPP increase appeared in Yunnan Plateau-Eastern Xizang and the areas around Hulun Lake. Such different ways of the NPP responses depended on regional climate attributes and their changes.展开更多
Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of Si fertilizer on yield and N-uptake and use efficiency of double-season rice under the conditions of equal nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. T...Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of Si fertilizer on yield and N-uptake and use efficiency of double-season rice under the conditions of equal nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. The results showed that along with the increase of Si fertilizer application, the yield of early and late rice increased firstly and then decreased within the range of SiO2 application rate of 0-0.8 g/kg soil. There was a significant parabolic correlation between the amounts of Si fertilizer application and rice grain yield （r= 0.931 2 and r= 0.973 3 in early-and late-rice season, respectively）. Results showed that efficient Si fertilizer application enchanced N contents in different plant components of early rice at maturity stages with increased nitrogen uptake of double cropping rice and nitrogen harvest index of late rice.展开更多
To explore the high-yield cultivation methods of Zhuliangyou 4024 and H You 159 when planted as double-cropping rice, the effects of two cultivation meth- ods, i.e., seedling broadcasting and transplanting, were studi...To explore the high-yield cultivation methods of Zhuliangyou 4024 and H You 159 when planted as double-cropping rice, the effects of two cultivation meth- ods, i.e., seedling broadcasting and transplanting, were studied on SPAD value, photosynthetic rate, grain yield and yield components. The results showed that the seedling broadcasting cultivation was conducive to Zhuliangyou 4024 and H You 159 to obtain higher yield. The higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and their slower decrease of flag leaf after full heading of the seedling broadcasting cultivation were thought to be the physiological basis of high yield.展开更多
ln the research, an empirical analysis was performed on production per-formance and influential factors of rice in Changsha County and Liling City. The re-sults showed that production scale has been closely linked to ...ln the research, an empirical analysis was performed on production per-formance and influential factors of rice in Changsha County and Liling City. The re-sults showed that production scale has been closely linked to age and education level of farmers. The larger scale, the higher comprehensive performance, but rele-vant efficiency tends to be lower. Sowing area and yield per unit area are major in-fluential factors of production performance of double-cropping rice, but the rest influ-ential factors are different upon production scale. Final y, developmental strategies are proposed for development of double-cropping rice.展开更多
The study aims to solve the problems of late transplanting rice with differ- ent seedling ages at the lower reaches of Yangtze River. We selected six varieties of different thermal and photo-response characteristics a...The study aims to solve the problems of late transplanting rice with differ- ent seedling ages at the lower reaches of Yangtze River. We selected six varieties of different thermal and photo-response characteristics as the test material to study the effect of different seedling ages on growth and yield of rice. The results showed that growing period of thermal-response rice was delayed by long seedling age, but less affected by the impact of photo-response rice; the yield of later thermal-re- sponse varieties with 25 days and 30 days seedling ages was significantly reduced. In contrast, the yield of early thermal-response varieties and later photo-response varieties were significantly reduced with 30 days seedling age. The optimal trans- planting seedling age was 15 days of thermal-response rice, while photo-response rice was 20 days. The thermal-response rice should be selected as early maturing varieties, while the photo-response rice could be selected as late maturing varieties for high yield.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to research the appropriate seeding quantities of double-season machine-transplanted rice in middle and low-yielding district of southern Jiangxi Province. [Method] The research set five differ...[Objective] The aim was to research the appropriate seeding quantities of double-season machine-transplanted rice in middle and low-yielding district of southern Jiangxi Province. [Method] The research set five different seeding quantities treatments, and compared with conventional seedling treatment, and the appropriate seeding quantities of double season machine-transplanted rice in middle and lowyielding district of southern Jiangxi Province was discussed. [Result] The yields were highest when the seeding quantity was 70 g per tray of early rice by mechanical transplanting and 60 g per tray of late rice. The yield of early rice by mechanical transplanting showed significantly positive correlation with the number of productive ear and the number of seed per ear, and late rice yield showed significant correlation with the number of productive ear by mechanical transplanting. It is key for improving high yields by guaranteeing the number of productive ear. [Conclusion] The issue of proper sowing quantity should be taken into consideration for double-cropping rice in the region, which is crucial for high yields.展开更多
基金Supported by Jiangxi Agricultural University Students’Platform for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(DC201305)Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program(2012BAD14B14-01)~~
文摘This study aimed to comprehensive evaluation of different winter green manure on characterization of nitrogen uptake and utilization, to provide the basis for N fertilizer reasonable operation and characteristics improvement of nitrogen nutrition in rice high-yield cultivation. This experiment was set to compare milk vetch, rapeseed,ryegrass and mixed of green manure on rice yield, rice growth dynamics and nitrogen uptake and utilization in rice. The results showed that among 4 different winter green manure, the treatment of MV-R-R（milk vetch-rice-rice） for the early rice yield was the most than others treatments. Compared with RG-R-R（ryegrass-rice-rice）, RPR-R（rapeseed-rice-rice）, MS-R-R（mixed green manure-rice-rice）, the treatment of MVR-R inceased by 6.61%, 3.29%, 0.78%, respectively. The treatment of MV-R-R in N content in plant of rice was maximized in the tillering, booting, heading and maturity periods, respectively higher than the average of other treatments 9.68%, 19.72%,6.23% and 8.66%. At tillering, booting, heading and maturity, the treatment of MV-R-R were the highest in N uptake, RP-R-R minimum. The N periodic accumulation for MV-R-R were higher than other treatments in the tillering to booting, booting to heading and heading to maturity periods. The rates respectively were 21.81%, 68.73% and286.5%. In addition, N periodic accumulation and its ratio to total in the heading to maturity was minimum, maximum before tillering under green manure rotation system.So the cropping system of milk vetch-rice-rice could increase nitrogen use efficiency and improve N cycling.
文摘Study on seasonal responses of terrestrial net primary production (NPP) to climate changes is to help understand feedback between climate systems and terrestrial ecosystems and mechanisms of increased NPP in the northern middle and high latitudes. In this study, time series dataset of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and corresponding ground-based information on vegetation, climate, soil, and solar radiation, together with an ecological process model, were used to explore the seasonal trends of terrestrial NPP and their geographical differences in China from 1982 to 1999. As the results,. seasonal total NPP in China showed a significant increase for all four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) during the past 18 years. The spring NPP indicated the largest increase rate, while the summer NPP was with the largest increase in magnitude. The response of NPP to climate changes varied with different vegetation types. The increased NPP was primarily led by an advanced growing season for broadleaf evergreen forest, needle-leaf evergreen forest, and needle-leaf deciduous forest, whilst that was mainly due to enhanced vegetation activity (amplitude of growth cycle) during growing season for broadleaf deciduous forest, broadleaf and needle-leaf mixed forest, broadleaf trees with groundcover, perennial grasslands, broadleaf shrubs with grasslands, tundra, desert, and cultivation. The regions with the largest increase in spring NPP appeared mainly in eastern China, while the areas with the largest increase in summer NPP occurred in most parts of Northwestern China, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Mts. Xiaoxinganling-Changbaishan, Sanjiang Plain, Songliao Plain, Sichuan Basin, Leizhou Peninsula, part of the middle and lower Yangtze River, and southeastern mountainous areas of China. In autumn, the largest NPP increase appeared in Yunnan Plateau-Eastern Xizang and the areas around Hulun Lake. Such different ways of the NPP responses depended on regional climate attributes and their changes.
文摘Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of Si fertilizer on yield and N-uptake and use efficiency of double-season rice under the conditions of equal nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. The results showed that along with the increase of Si fertilizer application, the yield of early and late rice increased firstly and then decreased within the range of SiO2 application rate of 0-0.8 g/kg soil. There was a significant parabolic correlation between the amounts of Si fertilizer application and rice grain yield （r= 0.931 2 and r= 0.973 3 in early-and late-rice season, respectively）. Results showed that efficient Si fertilizer application enchanced N contents in different plant components of early rice at maturity stages with increased nitrogen uptake of double cropping rice and nitrogen harvest index of late rice.
基金Supported by National Agricultural Science Technology Achievement Transformation Fund(2010GB2D200314)Natural Science Foundation of China(31101134)~~
文摘To explore the high-yield cultivation methods of Zhuliangyou 4024 and H You 159 when planted as double-cropping rice, the effects of two cultivation meth- ods, i.e., seedling broadcasting and transplanting, were studied on SPAD value, photosynthetic rate, grain yield and yield components. The results showed that the seedling broadcasting cultivation was conducive to Zhuliangyou 4024 and H You 159 to obtain higher yield. The higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and their slower decrease of flag leaf after full heading of the seedling broadcasting cultivation were thought to be the physiological basis of high yield.
基金Supported by Key Financial Program of Hunan Province([2014]74)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41601097)Science&Technology Innovation Project of Hunan Academy of Agriculture Sciences(2016JC08)~~
文摘ln the research, an empirical analysis was performed on production per-formance and influential factors of rice in Changsha County and Liling City. The re-sults showed that production scale has been closely linked to age and education level of farmers. The larger scale, the higher comprehensive performance, but rele-vant efficiency tends to be lower. Sowing area and yield per unit area are major in-fluential factors of production performance of double-cropping rice, but the rest influ-ential factors are different upon production scale. Final y, developmental strategies are proposed for development of double-cropping rice.
基金Supported by State Science and Technology Supporting Program(2012BAD07B02)Special Program for Technological Development of Scientific Research Institute of Science and Technology Department(2013EG134237)"Three Rural and Six Party"Science and Technology Cooperation Projects of Zhejiang Province(SN201206)~~
文摘The study aims to solve the problems of late transplanting rice with differ- ent seedling ages at the lower reaches of Yangtze River. We selected six varieties of different thermal and photo-response characteristics as the test material to study the effect of different seedling ages on growth and yield of rice. The results showed that growing period of thermal-response rice was delayed by long seedling age, but less affected by the impact of photo-response rice; the yield of later thermal-re- sponse varieties with 25 days and 30 days seedling ages was significantly reduced. In contrast, the yield of early thermal-response varieties and later photo-response varieties were significantly reduced with 30 days seedling age. The optimal trans- planting seedling age was 15 days of thermal-response rice, while photo-response rice was 20 days. The thermal-response rice should be selected as early maturing varieties, while the photo-response rice could be selected as late maturing varieties for high yield.
基金National Key Technology R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2011BAD16B04,(2012BAD04B11)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to research the appropriate seeding quantities of double-season machine-transplanted rice in middle and low-yielding district of southern Jiangxi Province. [Method] The research set five different seeding quantities treatments, and compared with conventional seedling treatment, and the appropriate seeding quantities of double season machine-transplanted rice in middle and lowyielding district of southern Jiangxi Province was discussed. [Result] The yields were highest when the seeding quantity was 70 g per tray of early rice by mechanical transplanting and 60 g per tray of late rice. The yield of early rice by mechanical transplanting showed significantly positive correlation with the number of productive ear and the number of seed per ear, and late rice yield showed significant correlation with the number of productive ear by mechanical transplanting. It is key for improving high yields by guaranteeing the number of productive ear. [Conclusion] The issue of proper sowing quantity should be taken into consideration for double-cropping rice in the region, which is crucial for high yields.
