深情之魅 赵季秋:春风化雨 润物无声

二十多年来,在小学教育的百花园中,我播下挚爱的种子,收获桃李的芬芳,在成就学生的同时成就自身,赢得了学生的喜爱、家长的信赖、社会的认可。

领略下一季秋冬面料的流行趋势

在2006年Intertextile(秋冬)博览会上,"Fabrics China中国流行面料"趋势发布区和香港的法兰克福公司趋势发布区分别对2007/2008年秋/冬季面料的潮流趋势作了发布。让我们从图片对比中领略下一季秋冬的流行思潮。

点赞好人张季秋

张季秋,1935年2月出生在湖南长沙的一个贫苦家庭,当过童养媳,讨过饭,幼小的她饱尝了人间的苦难。解放后参加工作,1963年调入现在的山西合成橡胶集团有限责任公司。也就是那一年,毛泽东主席发出'向雷锋同志学习'的号召。当得知雷锋是自己的同乡时,她的心中燃起了一股自豪感。从那时起,在车间里当操作工的张季秋,哪里最脏最累,就要求去哪里。

读经典“天人合一”话秋三月

天人合一是中国古代的一种哲学思想,儒、道、释三家均有阐述。其基本思想是人类的生理、伦理、政治等社会现象和自然的直接反映。只有"上合于天,下合于地,中和于人事"才能保证人体健康长寿。秋三月中孟秋、仲秋、季秋气候各有特点,根据天人合一的思想"因时制宜",对认识人体生理病理变化,指导养生与预防,提示临床诊断治疗意义重大。

“仲康日食”考信

“仲康日食”是夏代年代学研究的一条非常重要的天象记录。有关的文献记载主要有四:一是今本《古文尚书·胤征》篇:惟仲康肇位四海,胤侯命掌六师。羲和废厥职,酒荒于厥邑,胤后承王命徂征。告于众曰:“……惟时羲和颠覆厥德,沈乱于酒,畔官离次,俶扰天纪,遐弃厥司,乃季秋月朔,辰弗集于房,瞽奏鼓,啬夫驰,庶人走,羲和尸厥官罔闻知,昏迷于天象,以干先王之诛。

Screening of High-quality Substrate for Soilless Culture of Begonia cucullata Willd.

In order to investigate a better soilless culture medium and the possibility of grass clippings as alternative substrate for peat moss to grow Begonia cucullata Willd. in pots, the seedlings of widely cultivated B. cucullata were grown in pots with eight types of soilless substrates： T1（peat： perlite=1：1）, T2（peat： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T3（corn stover： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T4（corn stover： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1）, T5（grass clipping： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T6（grass clipping： perlite：pine bark=2：1：1）, T7（vermiculite： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1） and T8（vermiculite： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1）, respectively, in a shade house of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden to evaluate plant growth performance. The results showed that the stem diameter of B. cucullata increased significantly from day 30 to day 60 after potting,and the plant height, leaf number and leaf area increased largest from day 60 to day 90 after potting in all treatments. The growth of plants performed best in T6,with the highest branch number, leaf thickness, flower number, aboveground fresh and dry weights and relative chlorophyll content. Therefore, the substrate with grass clipping： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1 was the best culture medium for growing B. cucullata in this study, and the grass clippings could replace peat moss as alternative substrate for growing B. cucullata in containers.

二十四节气——寒露与霜降

《月令七十二候集解》说:九月节,露气寒冷,将凝结也.” “袅袅凉风动,凄凄寒露零”,寒露正是一年之中气温由凉爽到寒冷的开始. 寒露的气候特点是气温下降,露水更凉.仲秋白露节气“露凝而白”,至季秋寒露时已是“露气寒冷,将凝结为霜了”.

秋季施用除草剂好处多

秋施除草剂是近几年发展起来的施药技术,是防除第二年早春杂草的有效措施。一般来说,除草剂的持效期受挥发、光解、化学淋溶和微生物降解以及土壤胶体吸附等因素影响,其中化学淋溶、挥发、光解和微生物降解是主要的影响因索。

Effects of Thinning and Litter Fall Removal on Fine Root Production and Soil Organic Carbon Content in Masson Pine Plantations

Soils play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, and can be major source or sink of CO2 depending upon land use, vegetation type and soil management practices. Fine roots are important component of a forest ecosystem in terms of water and nutrient uptake. In this study the effects of thinning and litter fall removal on fine root production and soil organic carbon content were examined in 20-year-old Masson pine （Pinus resinosa） plantations in Huitong, Hunan Province of China in the growing seasons of 2004 and 2005. The results showed that fine root production was significantly lower in the thinning plots than in the control plots, with a decrease of 58% and 14% in 2004 and 2005 growing seasons, respectively. Litter fall removal significantly increased fine root production by 14% in 2004. Soil temperature （Tsoil） and soil moisture （Msoil） were higher in the thinning plots than those in the controls. Litter fall removal had significant effects on Tsoil and Msoil. Soil organic carbon content was higher in the thinning plots but was lower in the plots with litter fall removal compared with that in the controls. Our results also indicated that annual production of fine roots resulted in small carbon accumulation in the upper layers of the soil, and removal of tree by thinning resulted in a significant increase of carbon storage in Masson pine plantations.

Distribution patterns of chlorophyll a in spring and autumn in association with hydrological features in the southern Yellow Sea and northern East China Sea

Two field studies were conducted to measure pigments in the Southern Yellow Sea (SYS) and the northern East China Sea (NECS) in April (spring) and September (autumn) to evaluate the distribution pattern of phytoplankton stock (Chl a concentration) and the impact of hydrological features such as water mass,mixing and tidal front on these patterns.The results indicated that the Chl a concentration was 2.43±2.64 (Mean ± SD) mg m-3 in April (range,0.35 to 17.02 mg m-3) and 1.75±3.10 mg m-3 in September (from 0.07 to 36.54 mg m-3) in 2003.Additionally,four areas with higher Chl a concentrations were observed in the surface water in April,while two were observed in September,and these areas were located within or near the point at which different water masses converged (temperature front area).The distribution pattern of Chl a was generally consistent between onshore and offshore stations at different depths in April and September.Specifically,higher Chl a concentrations were observed along the coastal line in September,which consisted of a mixing area and a tidal front area,although the distributional pattern of Chl a concentrations varied along transects in April.The maximum Chl a concentration at each station was observed in the surface and subsurface layer (0-10 m) for onshore stations and the thermocline layer (10-30 m) for offshore stations in September,while the greatest concentrations were generally observed in surface and subsurface water (0-10 m) in April.The formation of the Chl a distributional pattern in the SYS and NECS and its relationship with possible influencing factors is also discussed.Although physical forces had a close relationship with Chl a distribution,more data are required to clearly and comprehensively elucidate the spatial pattern dynamics of Chl a in the SYS and NECS.

Influence of North Pacific SST on heavy precipitation events in autumn over North China

The characteristics of heavy precipitation occurrence in autumn（the month of September） over North China are investigated using daily observational data.Results indicate that heavy precipitation events experienced a significant decadal increase in 2000/2001.Further investigation reveals a close connection between heavy precipitation occurrence and simultaneous North Pacific SST.The SST anomaly over the North Pacific can result in intensification of the western North Pacific subtropical high and increased water vapor transport from the tropical ocean,which benefits the occurrence of heavy precipitation over North China.However,the key region of North Pacific SST influencing heavy precipitation events over North China was different in the periods 1960-2000 and 2001-2014,being located over the eastern Ocean to China in the first period but more eastward in the second period.This drift in the key region of SST is partly responsible for the decadal increase in heavy precipitation events over North China since 2000/2001.Additionally,the changes in SST variability（a decrease in the eastern Ocean to China and an increase to its east） may have been the main reason for the eastward movement of the key region in the latter period.Certainly,more work is needed in the future to verify the findings of this study.

A Portable Fall Detection and Alerting System Based on k-NN Algorithm and Remote Medicine

This paper presents information on a portable fall detection and alerting system mainly consisting of a custom vest and a mobile smart phone. A wearable motion detection sensor integrated with tri-axial accelerometer, gyroscope and Bluetooth is built into a custom vest worn by elderly. The vest can capture the reluctant acceleration and angular velocity about the activities of daily living(ADLs) of elderly in real time. The data via Bluetooth is then sent to a mobile smart phone running a fall detection program based on k-NN algorithm. When a fall occurs the phone can alert a family member or health care center through a call or emergent text message using a built in Global Positioning System. The experimental results show that the system discriminates falls from ADLs with a sensitivity of 95%, and a specificity of 96.67%. This system can provide remote monitoring and timely help for the elderly.

Picoplankton distribution in different water masses of the East China Sea in autumn and winter

Abstract Picoplankton distribution was investigated in different water masses of the East China Sea in November, 2006 and February, 2007. The autumn and winter cruises crossed three major water masses： the coastal water mass （CWM）, the mixed water mass （MWM）, which forms on the continental shelf, and the Kuroshio water mass （KWM）. Picoplankton composition was resolved into four main groups by flow cytometry, namely Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus, picoeukaryotes, and heterotrophic bacteria. The average abundances of Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes, and heterotrophic bacteria were （0.63＋ 10.88）~ 103, （1.61＋1.16）x103, （3.39~1.27）x105 cells/mL in autumn and （6.45~8.60）x103, （3.23~2.63）x103, （3.76~1.37）x 105 cells/mL in winter, respectively. Prochlorococcus was not found in the CWM and seldom observed in surface samples in either season. However, Prochlorococcus was observed in the MWM and KWM （approximately 103 cells/mL） in both auttman and winter. Synechococcus distribution varied considerably among water masses, with the highest levels in KWM and lowest levels in CWM. The depth-averaged integrated abundance of Synechococcus was approximately 5-fold higher in KWM than in CWM, which may be due primarily to water temperature. In the MWM, Synechococcus was resolved as two subgroups; the presence of both subgroups was more common in autumn. Picoeukaryote abundance varied less among water masses than Synechococcus, and heterotrophic bacteria depth-averaged integrated abundance exhibited the smallest seasonal variations with respect to water mass. Correlation analysis showed that relationships between picoplankton abundances and environmental factors （temperature, nutrients, and chlorophyll a） differed among the three water masses, suggesting that the three water masses have different effects on picoplankton distribution （particularly Synechococcus）.

North Atlantic forcing of autumn drought in Southwest China

Drought often lasts long and is thus closely related to slowly varying external forcing such as sea surface temperature(SST).Here,based on observed precipitation and SST data along with NCEP-DOE reanalysis data,the possible impacts of North Atlantic SST on drought formation in Southwest China are investigated.Results show that northeast-southwest-orientated dipole SST anomalies in the mid-high latitudes of the North Atlantic are closely related to autumn drought in Southwest China;the linear correlation coefficient between them reaches 0.48 during 1979-2020,significant at the 0.001 level.The dipole SST anomalies trigger southeastward-propagating Rossby waves and induce barotropic cyclonic circulation anomalies over India and the western Tibetan Plateau.This enhances the upward motion in northern India and the western Tibetan Plateau and causes a compensating downdraft,reduced precipitation,and consequent drought formation in Southwest China.

THE N/P RATIO IN THE NORTHERN SOUTH YELLOW SEA IN AUTUMN

Study of horizontal and vertical distributions of the N/P (nitrogen versus phosphate) atom ratio in the northern South Yellow Sea showed that the ratio varied greatly in upper waters of the investigated area and was always much greater than the theoretical Redfield ratio of 16:1 found below the thermocline zone. It was in general higher near the coast and lower in the central part. With increasing depth, the ratio became smaller and smaller. This distribution pattern is attributed to: 1) the anthropogenic influence of the surface N and P which makes the N/P ratio differ from the normal value; 2) the easy adsorption of P on particles hinders P transport to the central part; 3) below the thermocline zone, the N and P mainly come from the remineralization of the sedimented phytoplankton residues which have almost the theoretical Redfield value and; 4) the existence of the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water which inhibits the vertical exchange of the water.

Impact of Autumn SST in the Japan Sea on Winter Rainfall and Air Temperature in Northeast China

We studied the impact of sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) in the Japan Sea and the sea area east of Japan on the winter rainfall and air temperature in Northeast(NE) China using the singular value decomposition(SVD) and empirical orthogonal function(EOF). The monthly-mean rainfall data observed at 160 stations in China, monthly-mean sea surface temperature(SST) of the Hadley Center for Climate Prediction and Research and monthly-mean air temperature from the NCEP reanalysis during 1960–2011 were used. Correlation analysis indicates that the SSTAs in the Japan Sea in September may last for three or four months and are an important index for forecasting the winter rainfall and air temperature in NE China. Positive SSTAs in the central Japan Sea and in the sea area east of Tokyo correspond to positive rainfall anomaly and negative air temperature anomaly in NE China. With the rise of SST in the Japan Sea, a weak cyclone appears over the Japan Sea. The northeasterly wind transports water vapor from the Okhotsk to NE China, resulting in more rainfall and lower air temperature. Negative SSTA years are accompanied by warmer air temperature and less snow in NE China. The 1000 h Pa geopotential height anomaly and wind anomaly fields are simulated by IAP-9L model, which supports the analysis results.

Characters of the P_(CO)_2 and CO_2 Flux in the East China Sea in Autumn

P CO 2 of air and seawater samples from the East China Sea (ECS) were measured in situ in autumn, 1994. Ocean currents, terrestrial fluviation, biological activities, etc.,P CO 2 characters in air and seawater were investigated. CO 2 flux and its character in the East China Sea are discussed on the basis of theP CO 2 profiles of air and seawater. It was clear that the nearshore was the source of CO 2; and that the outer sea area was the sink of CO 2; and that the shelf area of the ECS is a net sink for atmospheric CO 2 in autumn.

Spatial distribution of penetration depth in Taihu Lake (China) during spring and autumn

In the context of remote sensing, sunlight penetration depth is the depth above which 90% of the diffusely reflected irradiance from a water body surface originates. Model algorithms to simulate water quality variables such as chlorophyll a, dissolved organic matter, suspended matter, and Secchi depth are sensitive to the variations of this variable. The penetration depth for Taihu Lake in China, a shallow and turbid lake, was calculated by using a multiple scattering model, and in situ optical measurements were carried out during May and October 2010. The results show that:1) the penetration depth generally increased from west to east during spring and from southeast to northwest during autumn, reflecting the prevailing wind direction and; 2) there was strong dependence of the penetration depth on the concentration of suspended matter.

Associations between the Autumn Arctic Sea Ice and North American Winter Precipitation

Associations between the autumn Arctic sea ice concentrations (SICs) and North American winter precipitation were examined using singular value decomposition. The results show that a reduced SIC in the majority of the Arctic is accompanied by dry conditions over the Great Plains, the southern United States, Mexico, eastern Alaska, and southeastern Greenland, and by wet conditions over the majority of Canada, the northeastern United States, and the majority of Greenland. Atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the SIC variability show a wave train structure that is persistent from autumn to winter and is responsible for the covariability between the autumn Arctic SICs and North American winter precipitation. This relationship suggests a potential long-term outlook for the North American winter precipitation.