论小学综合实践活动有效开展路径

随着素质教育的深入推进,小学综合实践课程也日益受到更多的关注。综合实践课程对培养小学生的思维习惯、实践能力、道德修养等都具有重要的指导作用,是小学义务教育阶段必不可少的组成部分。然而在小学综合实践活动的实际开展中,仍然存在一定的不足之处,阻碍了综合实践课程达到预期的教育效果。基于此,笔者倡导小学综合实践活动的开展要坚持以学生为中心,将学与玩、学与思深度结合起来,使学生在“玩中学”,在“学中思”,提高综合实践活动开展的实效,提高小学综合实践课程的教学质量。

做思共生:基于“微活动”的儿童科学课堂实践策略

基于对儿童的了解,课程内容的解读并紧密地联系生活实际,在科学课程中设置儿童喜爱的“微活动”引导儿童展开从“做中学”到“学中思”再到“思中悦”的学习过程。儿童通过角色扮演、现场再现和呈现想象认识耳朵功能、了解不同材料和绘出心中的外星人。儿童通过欣赏短片、阅读资料、编写小故事了解食物如何消化、地球以外是否有生命、细菌的特点。儿童利用“微活动”认识生物关系,通过思考将难懂的知识转化成自己擅长的图式,享受成功与创新的喜悦。

The Strategies of Cultivating High-School Students＇ Ability of English Thinking in the English Classes

The most important thing of English-learning is the ability of English thinking. And with the help of continuous language information processing and language accumulation, people cultivate their ability of English thinking, which is the goal of English-learning and English-teaching people. As a high-school English teacher, the author, combining her own class teaching experience in relate to English thinking, uses trial and error tests, investigations, interviews, and other research methods based on high-school students＇ study, to explore the strategies of how to cultivate high-school students＇ ability of English thinking in English classes, and then sum up to get the following article, which is hoped to provide some references to form the English thinking ability of senior high school students

Ancient and modern, compatibility of Chinese and Western --Analysis of Huang Dufeng Painting Aesthetics Thought

Mr. Huang Dufeng is the master to paint landscapes, flowers, birds and people. In artistic practice, he clearly saw that in addition to using the ink to express the appearance, there exists its independence of aesthetic nature. In addition, Mr. Huang Dufeng is aware of vital importance of the spirit manifesting in the traditional painting. He has foresight in the face of treating the mutual development of Chinese and Western painting. In the meantime to advocate learning western painting, he all along emphasize that we should flourish the specific beauty of Chinese painting. He has showed a wide range of subjects, breaking the bondage of ＂four gentlemen＂ and pioneered the art image of angelfish. By discussion on Mr. Huang Dufeng through the painting features and process of thinking, he insisted on aesthetics concept of ＂Ancient and modern, compatibility of Chinese and Western＂.

Analysis of Differences between Chinese and Western Sport Philosophy

China is a world＇s ancient civilization with a long history of five thousand years; meanwhile, it is also the headstream of sports culture. Chinese sports aim at building the body and self-cultivation. The movement structures of sports are mainly the simulation of all kinds of movement of animals, which are particular about static and dynamic equilibrium, firmness, and gentleness, getting refined internally and externally. The feature of Chinese sports is the unification of form and spirit. The pattern of Chinese sports is closely related with Chinese philosophy thought, and the constructed Chinese sports culture has become the essential part of Chinese traditional philosophy. Chinese sports have integrated fitness and aesthetic appreciation into one, which is the specific expression of Chinese traditional thought. However, western sports have integrated with western philosophy thought with strong athletic tint. The characteristic of western sports has a necessary connection with the ancient Greek thought. Ancient Greeks had realized that the relationship between human and the nature was not totally dependent with contrariety, so they thought only fighting with the nature could they survive. The origins of thought of Chinese and western sports cultures decide the differences between Chinese and western sports. The harmony of China and competition of the west can be both embodied in sports. This thesis will analyze the differences between Chinese and western sports philosophy.

Project Teaching and Practice in College English Teaching

At present, a new teaching model - Project Approach rises in English education. Project teaching is a student-centered, inquiry-centered practice, with project activities centered learning model. Project teaching students focus on learning strategies to help students become independent learners, to improve students＇ motivation to help students learn practical ability, communication skills, collaboration skills, creative thinking skills and the ability to solve practical problems. Project-based learning in the late 1990s was introduced in China. Within ten years, research project studying abroad connotation, significance and theoretical foundation, extension are applied research to classroom practice. However, most of the research object of the project is teaching primary and secondary students, higher education, adult education and general higher education students in science and engineering students. Research related to the field of English teaching is not much; the theory is applied to the case of teaching practice rarely. Therefore, this article introduced the project teaching college English classroom, through the implementation of the teaching aims to stimulate the enthusiasm of the students, so that students learn more explicit goals, enhance self- confidence and motivation to learn, to develop their creativity, initiative and independent learning and the purpose of learning ability.

Kant＇s Copernican Revolution

In Critique of Pure Reason, Kant explains his critical method ＂as an experiment＂ in metaphysics. The aim of that ＂experiment＂ is to establish ＂an entire revolution＂ in philosophical thinking, which was initiated by the Copernican revolution in cosmology in order to find the secure path, and its possibility application to metaphysics. Kant＇s aim in Critique of Pure Reason is to rescue metaphysics from a ＂blind groping＂ by undertaking a revolution in metaphysics as Copernicus has brought to cosmology. Kant＇s Copernican turn consists in the assertion that the possibility of knowledge requires that ＂the objects must conform to our cognition.＂ From Kant＇s view, we can know only what we ＂construct,＂ ＂make,＂ or ＂produce＂ as a necessary condition of knowledge, but we cannot know the mind--independent external world, i.e., the world which is independent of us. Kant＇s epistemological constructivism is the central point to his Copernican revolution.

Influences of Chinese culture and mode of thinking on English writing

Thinking patterns and the language features differ from one cultural background to another. Differences between Chinese and English culture diversify the writing patterns of the two languages. The importance of cultivating students＇ cultural awareness is obvious in college English teaching process. This paper discusses the relationship between thought based on culture and English writing, and the characters of language transition by way of contrastive analysis. It also reveals the importance of improving English thinking ability and removing the native language interference in English writing. The main premise of the paper is that effective communication is more than a matter of language proficiency and that, cultural competence can also lead to empathy and respect toward different cultures.

On the Cultural Differences between Chinese and English Speaking People in Their Thinking Modes from the Perspective of Second Language Acquisition

The recent years have witnessed increasing opportunities for people from various cultural backgrounds to communicate with each other, which is naturally based on a general grasp of cultural knowledge and communicative techniques in cross-cultural settings. However, there often exist cultural clashes in such cases, especially between Chinese and English speaking people, which are deeply rooted in the wide differences in their languages and thinking modes. Indeed, this also serves to be an important part in the acquisition of the English culture for Chinese students in the current educational climate. The paper is intended to provide a contrastive analysis of the major cultural differences between Chinese and English speaking people in their thinking modes in three aspects of the descriptive versus the formal, the concrete versus the abstract, and the practical versus the logical form the linguistic perspective. And the paper comes to the conclusion that a general understanding of these significant differences may enable Chinese-speaking people and English-speaking people to establish a more efficient communication with each other.

Effectiveness of Computer Assisted Problem based Learning in Chemistry for Enhancing Thinking Skills among Secondary School Students

Experiencing problems that challenges science and the thought, habits of mind and actions associated with trying to solve them is one of the best ways of learning Chemistry. This impels opportunities for authentic, inquiry based learning. PBL （problem based learning） is a student centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject through the experience of problem solving. The goals of PBL are to help the students develop flexible knowledge, effective problem solving skills, self-directed learning, effective collaborative skills and intrinsic motivation. CAPBL （computer assisted problem based learning） has been created to expand the boundaries of the creativity and the creativity of students beyond the four walls of the classroom. In the present study the investigator tested the effectiveness of the CAPBL material in Chemistry for enhancing thinking skills among secondary school students. The sample consisted of 100 secondary school students. The study revealed that the CAPBL material in Chemistry is effective in enhancing thinking skills such as critical thinking, creativity and problem solving.

思想品德课教学中开展社会实践活动模式的探析

随着思想品德课教学具有时代性、实践性、思想性。在思想品德课中增加社会实践活动,收集社会实践的模式,符合新课标提出的以德育为核心,以培养创新精神和实践能力为重点,全面推进素质教育,有利于学生的自我发展、自我完善、健全学生人格,实现人生价值。

Yang Zhu＇s ＂Guiji＂ Yangsheng and Its Modem Relevance

Condemned by Mencius （ca.372-289 BCE） as selfishness （weiwo, 为我）, Yang Zhu＇s yangsheng philosophy in China is traditionally depicted as a philosophy of egoism and hedonism. In contrast, Yang Zhu （fl.ca.370-350 BCE） is described as an ＂early liberal or individualist＂ hero in the Western Discussion of Chinese Philosophy. Yang Zhu may not be a liberal or individualist hero as portrayed by the West, but surely he should not be depicted as a promoter of egoism as Mencius did. Both John Emerson and A.C. Graham are probably right when they claimed that Yang Zhu was a revolutionary thinker of his own time; and ＂Yang Zhu＇s intervention for the Chinese thinking world had provoked a metaphysical crisis which had threatened the basic assumptions of Confucianism and Mohism and set them into a new course＂ （A.C. Graham 1978）. From my reading, Yang Zhu＇s influence on Chinese philosophy had been and will be even greater, although his philosophy as a whole was not practiced by Chinese society in the past due to the dominance of Confucianism. Yet as the first person who clearly emphasized nourishing of life for individuals and the first theory that rooted morality into xing （性, human nature）, Yang Zhu＇s yangsheng philosophy had indeed through history made a huge contribution to Chinese nurturing life tradition, and had great potential in providing inspiration to modern moral thinking. Many discussions initiated or developed by Yang Zhu and his followers have influenced both Confucianism and Daoism profoundly. His idea of nourishing life was not only inherited and developed by Zhuangzi and later Daoist religion from life preservation perspective, but also by Mencius and Xunzi from moral cultivation perspective. As a doctrine that has shown more and more relevance to modern society, people can find many inspirations from Yang Zhu＇s answer to the following questions： What is the aim of human life？ What is the right attitude toward life and death？ What is human nature？ What is the relationship between life nourishment and individual freedom？ Why nourishing one＇s own life should be as important as nourishing that of others？ What is the difference between humans and animals？ Why living a natural life is so important for human beings？ Based on materials collected from various Chinese sources directly related to Yang Zhu＇s school, especially the chapter entitled as ＂Yang Zhu＂ from the book of Liezi, this paper will explore essential features of Yang Zhu＇s yangsheng philosophy and its relevance to modern society. As ＂guiji＂ （贵已, cherishing oneself） is the core of Yang Zhu＇s yangsheng philosophy, discussion of this paper will focus on what Yang Zhu＇s ＂guiji＂ means, why Yang Zhu＇s ＂guiji＂ is not ＂weiwo＂ （为我, for oneself）, and how Yang Zhu＇s ＂guiji＂ yangsheng is relevant to modern society.

A Brief View of Practice Ontology Aesthetics in the Context of Contemporary China

In recent years, Practice Ontology Aesthetics takes shape in academic discussion and argument. The introduction of Practice Ontology Aesthetics occurred in the course of introspection of Practice Aesthetics in modem China, in which the existence dimension in Marxist concept of practice was of great significance to breaking the theoretical limitation of present Practice Aesthetics. Therefore, in terms of the distinctive context of Chinese contemporary aesthetics, the introduction of Practice Ontology Aesthetics from the theoretical perspective of Marxist existentialism offers a possible way to break the current aesthetics and represents a multiple academic pursuit of Marxist, Chinese and modem aesthetics.

Case study on the communicative competence of Chinese students

This study investigates the communicative competence of Chinese students in a British university, and the main purposes of the study are to find out more about Chinese students＇ difficulties in communication and to explore learning strategies of developing communicative competence. The research results show that Chinese students had both linguistic and socio-cultural problems in communication. Two case studies are presented of good and less good communicators to show up different patterns of communicative performance and learning strategies. In conclusion, a range of findings support the statement that attitudes, motivation and immersion were important in the development of communicative competence.

青蛙交换游戏中的数学

游戏能激发学生学习数学的兴趣,青蛙交换游戏规则简单,但蕴含的数学思维丰厚.通过青蛙交换游戏及其拓展,在玩中学,在学中思,发展学生从特殊到一般、化归等数学思想,提升学生的抽象与模型观念等素养.

Human Nature, Personality, and Human Freedom in Feng Qi＇s On Wisdom

In creating his theory of wisdom, Feng Qi emphasizes that Chinese Marxist philosophy should move from the theory of knowledge to a discourse on wisdom and concentrate on Chinese people＇s living world and life existence, so as to provide a spiritual home for the Chinese people and thereby highlight the importance of human nature, personality, and human freedom in Chinese Marxist philosophy. In researching human nature, he expatiates on the problems of mind （xin） and human nature （xing）, natural instincts （tian xing） and virtues （de xing）, and general character and individual character; in emphasizing personality, he puts forward the idea that the ideal personality is ＂free personality as a member of ordinary people;＂ in probing into the problems of human freedom, he explains how to get freedom from the basis of practical materialism. This philosophical inquiry enriches Chinese Marxist philosophy＇s researches into the understanding of humanity and the connection of philosophy with the living world, which opens up a new area of development in the sinicization of Marxist philosophy.

Chinese College Students＇ Ideological and Political Education： Ways and Strategies in the New Period

Humanism is the soul of the ideological and political education. In the process of ideological and political education, adherence to humanities education is the objective requirement of modem education. This paper analyzes Chinese college students＇ ideological and political education ways and strategies in the new period. The author believes that optimized campus cultural environment can help build stages for students＇ growth, establish the principal position of students, promote students＇ individuality development, improve the psychological service system, improve students＇ psychological development, increasing students＇ emotional education and pay attention to students＇ emotion demands, etc.

"On Practice" and "On Contradiction" :The Inspiration behind the Sinicization of Marxist Philosophy

Mao Zedong＇s ＂On Practice＂ and ＂On Contradiction＂ result from the combination of Marxist philosophy, the revolutionary practice of China and the fine achievements of traditional Chinese philosophy, and have enriched and developed Marxist epistemology and dialectics. ＂On Practice＂ and ＂On Contradictiott＂ are paradigms of the sinicization of Marxist philosophy, providing valuable inspiration for its further sinicization by elevating rich practical experience to the level of philosophical theory; learning from and absorbing the latest achievements of contemporary Marxist philosophy; inheriting and developing the fine heritage of traditional Chinese philosophy; going from specific philosophical issues to the sinicization of Marxist philosophy; and making philosophy into a national cause.

The Eastward Spread of Western Learning and the Sinicization of Marxist Philosophy

The spread of Western learning to the East objectively promoted the dissemination of Marxist philosophy, forming an important historical precondition for its Sinicization. Moreover, it triggered a great transformation in the historical development of Chinese philosophy and facilitated its transition from an ancient to an early modem tradition, thereby establishing through Sinicization a link between Marxist philosophy, which originated in the Western philosophical tradition, and the Chinese tradition of philosophy, and rendering Marxist philosophy Chinese. This offered the possibility that Sinicized Marxist philosophy would play a positive guiding role in the development of modern Chinese philosophy. Therefore, we may say that without the spread of Western learning to the East, there would be no Sinicization of Marxist philosophy; and without in-depth research on the relationship between the Eastward spread of Western learning and the Sinicization of Marxist philosophy, we would have no real understanding of the Sinicization of Marxist philosophy. However, the close links between the Sinicization of Marxist philosophy and the spread of Western learning do not indicate that the former is part of the history of latter. The Sinicization of Marxist philosophy does not itself belong to the category of the spread of Western learning to the East. This is because Marxist philosophy is essentially different from all other forms of what is commonly known as Western learning, and its Sinicization differs from the Eastward spread of Western learning in terms of its goals, social nature, results and effects on society.

SPECIAL ISSUE： IMPORTANT ISSUES IN MARXIST PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA：Develop research in Marxist philosophy in China on the basis of the country＇s specific realities

To develop research on Marxist philosophy in China by basing it on the specific realties of China spells out the methodological principle that research on Marxist philosophy in China should have; the essence of its demand for the upholding of specific Chinese realities as both the starting point and destination for research on Marxist philosophy in China is the Sinicization of Marxist philosophy. This is the essential demand of Marxist philosophy as well as the objective need of Chinese society for development, and also the fundamental route for ceaseless theoretical innovation in research on Marxist philosophy in China and the foundation for the integration of diversified approaches in such research. To strictly adhere to and practice this principle, we must resolutely oppose dogmatism under any form, maintain a certain tension between the academic nature and the actualities of research on Marxist philosophy, and hold fast to our basic principles in interacting with our traditional philosophy and the philosophy from the West.