Tandem learning via email and computer-mediated communication activities flanked standard frontal English lessons for Italian adult learners in Italy. It is here suggested that the combination of tandem learning, vari...Tandem learning via email and computer-mediated communication activities flanked standard frontal English lessons for Italian adult learners in Italy. It is here suggested that the combination of tandem learning, various communication activities performed on-line, and standard courses help mature students to boost their self-esteem, give them more autonomy, and enhance their motivation. Tandem learning, which is based on the principles of reciprocity and autonomy, is ideally suited for adult students. It helps overcome the problems connected to the affective reactions of adults, and at the same time, being content driven, offers a more natural setting to learn an L2 （second language） on a mutual supportive basis.展开更多
This paper takes Changsha Medical University as an example and carries out an empirical investigation on the life, study and social networking of the international students from such countries as Pakistan, Zambia, Cam...This paper takes Changsha Medical University as an example and carries out an empirical investigation on the life, study and social networking of the international students from such countries as Pakistan, Zambia, Cameroon,Indonesia,Nepal. The survey results show that in the current Intemet Plus Era and Generalization Communication Era, students＇ cross-cultural adaptability of Huxiang Culture is related to their learning motivation, individual factors,social factors, and the management of their life and study in the university. The students＇ cross-cultural adaptability is,on the whole, strong.However, the differences between individuals are great with a trend of diversification and diversity, and students＇ interest in Huxiang regional culture and recognition is to be further strengthened in communication.展开更多
31 cases of atherosclerosis (AS) were treated with Jiang Zhi Tong Mai Fang ([symbol: see text], formula of JZTMF), and its effect was compared with 30 cases treated with lovastatin in the control group. Clinically, th...31 cases of atherosclerosis (AS) were treated with Jiang Zhi Tong Mai Fang ([symbol: see text], formula of JZTMF), and its effect was compared with 30 cases treated with lovastatin in the control group. Clinically, the JZTMF formula showed an effect of regulating blood lipids, and therefore it was antiatherosclerotic. The mechanism is, probably, restoration of the function of endothelial cells (EC) by increasing the synthesis of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and decreasing the release of endothelin (ET) as evidenced in the experimental study.展开更多
The evolutionary dynamics of behavioral traits reflect phenotypic and genetic changes. Methodological difficulties in analyzing the genetic dynamics of complex traits have left open questions on the mechanisms that ha...The evolutionary dynamics of behavioral traits reflect phenotypic and genetic changes. Methodological difficulties in analyzing the genetic dynamics of complex traits have left open questions on the mechanisms that have shaped complex beha- viors and cognitive abilities. A strategy to investigate the change of behavior across generations is to assume that genetic con- straints have a negligible role in evolution （the phenotypic gambit） and focus on the phenotype as a proxy for genetic evolution. Empirical evidence and technologic advances in genomics question the choice of neglecting the genetic underlying the dynamics of behavioral evolution. I first discuss the relevance of genetic factors - e.g. genetic variability, genetic linkage, gene interactions - in shaping evolution, showing the importance of taking genetic factors into account when dealing with evolutionary dynamics. I subsequently describe the recent advancements in genetics and genomics that make the investigation of the ongoing evolutionary process of behavioral traits finally attainable. In particular, by applying genomic resequencing to experimental evolution - a me- thod called Evolve ＆ Resequence - it is possible to monitor at the same time phenotypic and genomie changes in populations exposed to controlled selective pressures. Experimental evolution of associative learning, a well-known trait that promptly re- sponds to selection, is a convenient model to illustrate this approach applied to behavior and cognition. Taking into account the recent achievements of the field, I discuss how to design and conduct an effective Evolve ＆ Resequence study on associative learning in Drosophila. By integrating phenotypic and genomic data in the investigation of evolutionary dynamics, new insights can be gained on longstanding questions such as the modularity of mind and its evolution .展开更多
文摘Tandem learning via email and computer-mediated communication activities flanked standard frontal English lessons for Italian adult learners in Italy. It is here suggested that the combination of tandem learning, various communication activities performed on-line, and standard courses help mature students to boost their self-esteem, give them more autonomy, and enhance their motivation. Tandem learning, which is based on the principles of reciprocity and autonomy, is ideally suited for adult students. It helps overcome the problems connected to the affective reactions of adults, and at the same time, being content driven, offers a more natural setting to learn an L2 （second language） on a mutual supportive basis.
文摘This paper takes Changsha Medical University as an example and carries out an empirical investigation on the life, study and social networking of the international students from such countries as Pakistan, Zambia, Cameroon,Indonesia,Nepal. The survey results show that in the current Intemet Plus Era and Generalization Communication Era, students＇ cross-cultural adaptability of Huxiang Culture is related to their learning motivation, individual factors,social factors, and the management of their life and study in the university. The students＇ cross-cultural adaptability is,on the whole, strong.However, the differences between individuals are great with a trend of diversification and diversity, and students＇ interest in Huxiang regional culture and recognition is to be further strengthened in communication.
文摘31 cases of atherosclerosis (AS) were treated with Jiang Zhi Tong Mai Fang ([symbol: see text], formula of JZTMF), and its effect was compared with 30 cases treated with lovastatin in the control group. Clinically, the JZTMF formula showed an effect of regulating blood lipids, and therefore it was antiatherosclerotic. The mechanism is, probably, restoration of the function of endothelial cells (EC) by increasing the synthesis of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and decreasing the release of endothelin (ET) as evidenced in the experimental study.
文摘The evolutionary dynamics of behavioral traits reflect phenotypic and genetic changes. Methodological difficulties in analyzing the genetic dynamics of complex traits have left open questions on the mechanisms that have shaped complex beha- viors and cognitive abilities. A strategy to investigate the change of behavior across generations is to assume that genetic con- straints have a negligible role in evolution （the phenotypic gambit） and focus on the phenotype as a proxy for genetic evolution. Empirical evidence and technologic advances in genomics question the choice of neglecting the genetic underlying the dynamics of behavioral evolution. I first discuss the relevance of genetic factors - e.g. genetic variability, genetic linkage, gene interactions - in shaping evolution, showing the importance of taking genetic factors into account when dealing with evolutionary dynamics. I subsequently describe the recent advancements in genetics and genomics that make the investigation of the ongoing evolutionary process of behavioral traits finally attainable. In particular, by applying genomic resequencing to experimental evolution - a me- thod called Evolve ＆ Resequence - it is possible to monitor at the same time phenotypic and genomie changes in populations exposed to controlled selective pressures. Experimental evolution of associative learning, a well-known trait that promptly re- sponds to selection, is a convenient model to illustrate this approach applied to behavior and cognition. Taking into account the recent achievements of the field, I discuss how to design and conduct an effective Evolve ＆ Resequence study on associative learning in Drosophila. By integrating phenotypic and genomic data in the investigation of evolutionary dynamics, new insights can be gained on longstanding questions such as the modularity of mind and its evolution .
