A test items knowledge library system of for adaptive learning is proposed in this paper. The first step is to carry out the quantity and quality analysis of the test items by using the Bloom＇s revised taxonomy and s...A test items knowledge library system of for adaptive learning is proposed in this paper. The first step is to carry out the quantity and quality analysis of the test items by using the Bloom＇s revised taxonomy and scale anchoring respectively to produce the characteristics for test items. A smoothing method of arbitrary anchoring revised from scale anchoring is first proposed to make tests more accurate in distinguishing test levels. In addition, raised three dimensional indicators based on the Bloom＇s revised taxonomy are adopted to validate test contents and therefore it concretely describes the examining function of items. The items obtained have the precise and concrete properties; an item knowledge library is therefore constructed combining teaching materials and items using the technologies of ontology and knowledge management. Finally, a knowledge library system of test items is established to achieve the purpose of adaptive learning for learners.展开更多
The purpose of this articleis to address the presence of seven recomposed ricercari by Jacques Buus in the Music Manuscript 242 from the Library of the University of Coimbra in Portugal （P-Cug MM 242）. These recompo...The purpose of this articleis to address the presence of seven recomposed ricercari by Jacques Buus in the Music Manuscript 242 from the Library of the University of Coimbra in Portugal （P-Cug MM 242）. These recompositions, probably copied in the third quarter of the 16th century, were made after the previously copied Buus＇s ricercari in Music Manuscript 48 （P-Cug MM 48） of the same library, which were based on the Libro primo de ricercari a quattrovoci, published in Venice in 1547 by Antonio Gardane. In this paper, the author intend to focus in two main aspects of the research done on this subject. The first topic concerns the score-format of both manuscripts 48 ＆ 242, which testify the instrumental activity in mid-sixteenth century Portugal. The author will demonstrate that this format served once, in the Santa Cruz Monastery in Coimbra, as a didactic tool in the teaching of counterpoint through the music of a northern European master such as Jacques Buus. The copies in the manuscripts were never intended to be used as a performing support--they contain many errors of vertical coordination between the voices that make the performance impossible. The second topic focuses on Buus＇ recomposed ricercari, which were the object of many cuts, brief recomposed bridges, newly inserted sections, and written glosa figurations. Through these recompositions, the author will describe the theoretic assimilation of formal processes, of style, mode, counterpoint and performing practice. The achievement of this paper is to offer historic musicology researchers a new perspective about the enormous influence that Buus＇ ricercari from his Libro primo.., had in the learning processes of music composition and in the development of didactic and performing practices in the Santa Cruz Monastery in Coimbra, during the mid-sixteenth century.展开更多
文摘A test items knowledge library system of for adaptive learning is proposed in this paper. The first step is to carry out the quantity and quality analysis of the test items by using the Bloom＇s revised taxonomy and scale anchoring respectively to produce the characteristics for test items. A smoothing method of arbitrary anchoring revised from scale anchoring is first proposed to make tests more accurate in distinguishing test levels. In addition, raised three dimensional indicators based on the Bloom＇s revised taxonomy are adopted to validate test contents and therefore it concretely describes the examining function of items. The items obtained have the precise and concrete properties; an item knowledge library is therefore constructed combining teaching materials and items using the technologies of ontology and knowledge management. Finally, a knowledge library system of test items is established to achieve the purpose of adaptive learning for learners.
文摘The purpose of this articleis to address the presence of seven recomposed ricercari by Jacques Buus in the Music Manuscript 242 from the Library of the University of Coimbra in Portugal （P-Cug MM 242）. These recompositions, probably copied in the third quarter of the 16th century, were made after the previously copied Buus＇s ricercari in Music Manuscript 48 （P-Cug MM 48） of the same library, which were based on the Libro primo de ricercari a quattrovoci, published in Venice in 1547 by Antonio Gardane. In this paper, the author intend to focus in two main aspects of the research done on this subject. The first topic concerns the score-format of both manuscripts 48 ＆ 242, which testify the instrumental activity in mid-sixteenth century Portugal. The author will demonstrate that this format served once, in the Santa Cruz Monastery in Coimbra, as a didactic tool in the teaching of counterpoint through the music of a northern European master such as Jacques Buus. The copies in the manuscripts were never intended to be used as a performing support--they contain many errors of vertical coordination between the voices that make the performance impossible. The second topic focuses on Buus＇ recomposed ricercari, which were the object of many cuts, brief recomposed bridges, newly inserted sections, and written glosa figurations. Through these recompositions, the author will describe the theoretic assimilation of formal processes, of style, mode, counterpoint and performing practice. The achievement of this paper is to offer historic musicology researchers a new perspective about the enormous influence that Buus＇ ricercari from his Libro primo.., had in the learning processes of music composition and in the development of didactic and performing practices in the Santa Cruz Monastery in Coimbra, during the mid-sixteenth century.
