浅析如何提升幼儿游戏教学有效性

孩子们一般喜欢有趣的游戏,并成为幼儿日常生活的基本活动。在一定程度上,幼儿在玩游戏的过程中可以获得各种能力。其中,游戏不仅可以让孩子玩得开心,还可以触发,支持和促进儿童的学习活动。这就要求教师在教学过程中正确处理教学与游戏的关系,并运用游戏教学策略。

提高课堂教学的有效性

提高高等教育的质量,关键在于提高课堂教学的有效性。借鉴教育心理学的研究成果,结合高等学校的实际,从教的有效性、学的有效性以及课堂教学的有效性三方面提出了教学有效性的标准,并对提高课堂教学的有效性提出了对策。

导学有效性在小学数学课堂教学中的应用

自学能力的培养离不开教师的指导,只有导之有效、导之有理、导之有法,学生才能以此为舵,自如地航行在知识海洋中。本文以《认识三角形》为例,阐述了导学有效性在小学数学课堂中的应用。

利用微课提升中职计算机基础教学的有效性

数字信息时代的大环境下,大量普通中职院校学生没有系统地学习计算机基础,存在缺乏相应的知识支撑、计算机学习难度高、学习过程枯燥难以坚持、学习效率低下等问题。为解决上述问题,本文以微课教学为例,研究如何提升中职计算机基础教学的有效性,提出合理进行微课教学流程设计,注重微课教学时的师生互动;细分微课内容,线上线下结合教学;优化微课授课内容,鼓励学生自主学习,激励学生积极投入微课的学习等解决策略。

导学案在化学教学中的有效性研究调查报告

文章对导学案教学模式进行调查研究,分析数据,得到结论,为进一步推动导学案教学模式的开展提供切实的参考。

浅谈数学课堂的有效性

数学课堂教学的有效性是指通过数学课堂教学活动,使学生在数学上有提高,有进步,有收获。它既关注学生当前的发展,又关注学生未来的发展,可持续发展。

谈谈初中英语课堂教学中“学的活动”设计的有效性

课堂中重视学生“学的活动”设计的有效，才能达到各方面预期的目标。针对“学的活动”设计有效性我从可以有效激发学生的背景知识、立足于学生知识和能力的起点、力求活动的可操作性三个方面思考，从而提高“学的活动”有效性。

利用简易图谱学唱新歌曲的有效策略

利用图谱这样的视觉符号材料可以把歌曲简单化、形象化,增强直观效果,加深幼儿对歌曲的理解和歌词的记忆,从而能有效提高幼儿学唱新歌曲的质量和效率.它注重音画艺术的巧妙结合,非常符合幼儿儿形象思维占优势的学习特点.本文通过“设计与歌曲内容相符的图谱才能促进有效性学唱”;“利用图谱帮助幼儿高效率理解记忆歌词”;“利用图谱中图示色彩大小等的变化,巧妙提示幼儿把握歌唱技巧”;“利用图谱形象的符号,帮助幼儿理解歌曲性质”;“利用图谱帮助幼儿轻松进行多种歌唱形式的练习”这五个方面来探讨利用简易图谱学唱新歌曲的有效策略.

EXPRESSION OF MASPIN AND KAI1 AND THEIR CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN CARCINOGENESIS AND PROGRESSION OF GASTRIC CANCER

To investigate the roles of maspin and kai1 expression in tumorigenesis and progression of gastric cancer. Methods Maspin and kai1 expressions were detected in normal gastric mucosa (n = 182), gastric dysplasia (n = 69), and gastric cancer (n = 113) by immunohisto-chemistry. Their expressions were compared with clinicopathological parameters of tumors. Relationship between maspin and kai1 expression was also concerned in gastric cancer. Results The positive rates of maspin expression were 79.8% (145/182), 75.4% (52/69), and 50.4% (57/113) in normal gastric mucosa, gastric dysplasia, and gastric cancer, while those of kai1 expression were 81.9% (149/182), 65.2% (49/69), and 58.4% (66/113) in corresponding tissues respectively. Gastric cancer less frequently expressed maspin than the normal gastric mucosa and gastric dysplasia (P < 0.05), while dysplasia and cancer showed less frequent expression of kai1 than normal mucosa (P < 0.05). Maspin expression showed negative association with invasive depth, metastasis, Lauren’s and histological classifications (P < 0.05), but not with tumor size, Borrmann’s classification, growth pattern or TNM staging (P > 0.05). Kai1 expression was negatively correlated with invasive depth, metastasis, growth pattern, Lauren’s and histo-logical classifications (P < 0.05), but not with tumor size, Borrmann’s classification or TNM staging (P > 0.05). Maspin and kai1 were collaboratively expressed in gastric cancer (P < 0.05). Conclusions Down-regulated expressions of maspin and kai1 play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. Abnormal expression of maspin and kai1 might have inhibitory effects on invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer and act as an effe-ctive and objective marker to indicate the pathobiological behaviors of gastric cancer.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of early veno-venous hemofiltration for severe acute pancreatitis in China

AIM： To determine the most cost-effective hemofiltration modality for early management of severe acute pancreatitis （SAP） in China. METHODS： We carried out a search of Pub-Medline and Chinese Biomedical Disk database. Controlled clinical trials on Chinese population were included in the analysis. The four decision branches that were analyzed were： continuous or long-term veno-venous hemofiltration （CVVH/LVVH）, short-term veno-venous hemofiltration （SVVH）, SVVH plus peritoneal dialysis （PD）, and non-hemofiltration control group. The effectiveness of the technique was determined by survival rate, complications prevention and surgery preservation. The total cost of hospitalization was also assessed. RESULTS： The SVVH only technique was the least costly modality, $5809 （44449 RMB）, and was selected as the baseline treatment modality. SVVH only arm achieved the lowest C/E ratio in terms of overall survival, complications prevention and surgery preservation. In incremental cost-effectiveness analysis, the CWH/ LVVH only and the control arms were inferior to other techniques. Sensitivity analysis showed SVVH only and SVVH plus PD arms overlapped in C/survival ratio. CONCLUSION： The role of early veno-venous hemofiltration as an alternative therapy for SAP remains controversial. However, we propose that early use of short-term high-volume veno-venous hemofiltration would have a beneficial impact on the management of SAP.

Learning curves in minimally invasive esophagectomy

Surgical innovation and pioneering are important for improving patient outcome, but can be associated with learning curves. Although learning curves in surgery are a recognized problem, the impact of surgical learning curves is increasing, due to increasing complexity of innovative surgical procedures, the rapid rate at which new interventions are implemented and a decrease in relative effectiveness of new interventions compared to old interventions. For minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE), there is now robust evidence that implementation can lead to significant learning associated morbidity(morbidity during a learning curve, that could have been avoided if patients were operated by surgeons that have completed the learning curve). This article provides an overview of the evidence of the impact of learning curves after implementation of MIE. In addition, caveats for implementation and available evidence regarding factors that are important for safe implementation and safe pioneering of MIE are discussed.

Clinical usefulness of biochemical markers of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

AIM: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and progresses to the end stage of liver disease. Biochemical markers of liver fibrosis are strongly associated with the degree of histological liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease. However, data are few on the usefulness of markers in NAFLD patients. The aim of this study was to identify better noninvasive predictors of hepatic fibrosis, with special focus on markers of liver fibrosis, type VI collagen 7S domain and hyaluronic acid. METHODS: One hundred and twelve patients with histologically proven NAFLD were studied. RESULTS: The histological stage of NAFLD correlated with several clinical and biochemical variables, the extent of hepatic fibrosis and the markers of liver fibrosis were relatively strong associated. The best cutoff values to detect NASH were assessed by using receiver operating characteristic analysis: type VI collagen 75 domain ≥5.0 ng/mL, hyaluronic acid ≥43 ng/mL. Both markers had a high positive predictive value: type VI collagen 7S domain, 86% and hyaluronic acid, 92%. Diagnostic accuracies of these markers were evaluated to detect severe fibrosis. Both markers showed high negative predictive values: type VI collagen 7S domain (≥5.0 ng/mL), 84% and hyaluronic acid (≥50 ng/mL), 78%, and were significantly and independently associated with the presence of NASH or severe fibrosis by logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: Both markers of liver fibrosis are useful in discriminating NASH from fatty liver alone or patients with severe fibrosis from patients with non-severe fibrosis.

Fuzzy Clustering Validity for Spatia Data

The validity measurement of fuzzy clustering is a key problem. If clustering is formed, it needs a kind of machine to verify its validity. To make mining more accountable, comprehensible and with a usable spatial pattern, it is necessary to first detect whether the data set has a clustered structure or not before clustering. This paper discusses a detection method for clustered patterns and a fuzzy clustering algorithm, and studies the validity function of the result produced by fuzzy clustering based on two aspects, which reflect the un-certainty of classification during fuzzy partition and spatial location features of spatial data, and proposes a new validity function of fuzzy clustering for spatial data. The experimental result indicates that the new validity function can accurately measure the validity of the results of fuzzy clustering. Especially, for the result of fuzzy clustering of spatial data, it is robust and its classification result is better when compared to other indices.

On Effectiveness of Protocol Creating Maximum Entanglement of Two Charge-Phase Qubits by Cavity Field

We revisit the protocols to create maximally entangled states between two Josephson junction （33） charge phase qubits coupled to a microwave field in a cavity as a quantum data bus. We analyze a novel mechanism of quantum decoherence due to the adiabatic entanglement between qubits and the data bus, the off-resonance microwave field. We show that even if the variable of the data bus can be adiabatically eliminated, the entanglement between the qubits and data bus remains and can decohere the superposition of two-particle state. Fortunately we can construct a decoherencefree subspace of two-dimension to against this adiabatic decoherence. To carry out the analytic study for this decoherence problem, we develop Frohlich transformation to re-derive the effective Hamiltonian of these systems, which is equivalent to that obtained from the adiabatic elimination approach.

Controlling the Effects and Improving the Interview Quality

The interview is an important segment and a usual means of choosing staffs, and the interview＇s quality directly influences the result of recruitment. This composition has posed and analyzed eight psychology errors, including first-sight effect, halo effect, casting effect, order effect, contrast effect, convergence effect, induce effect and fatigue effect. The interviewers should try their best to avoid them and ensure the interview＇s quality,

Useful Precursor Weather Conditions for Hail-Event Forecasting in the Beijing-Tianjin Region

Hail is one of the important weather disasters that affects the Beijing-Tianjin(BT) region.To better understand and to improve the forecasting of hail events over the BT region,the precursor weather conditions for hail based on 30 previous hail events were derived.It was found that the high-level trough and low-level cold front over the Mongolian region,the accumulated convective available potential energy,the decrease of the height of the 0℃-isotherm in the morning,and the persistence and intensification of these factors from morning to afternoon are valuable clues for forecasting the occurrence of hail events over the BT region.

Integrating task-based teaching approach into grammar teaching

Task-based teaching approach is a new teaching method which absorbs the achievements of modem language teaching theories. It is supposed to be an effective method in promoting learners＇ language competence. However, empirical studies of its application are rarely found in the field of grammar teaching. This paper tries to integrate task-based teaching approach into grammar teaching in order to probe into its validity and feasibility in grammar teaching.

Magnetic Properties of Spin-1/2 Ising Superlattice

Using the effective-field theory we studied the magnetic properties of a spin-1/2 Ising supedattice, which consist of three different ferromagnet materials. The magnetic behavior of this superlattice is examined. The critical temperature and the compensation temprature of the system are studied as a function of the exchange interactions between the nearest-neiboring spins across the interface and in the intraface. Temperature dependence of magenetizations is also given.

The Interpretation of Mathematical Difficulties in Primary School： Which Perspective to Choose？

Research on learning difficulties in mathematics adopts one of two distinct perspectives. According to the first, learning difficulties are due to the intrinsic characteristics of the student. For supporters of the second perspective, those difficulties result from the interaction between the student and the school system. The objective of this study is to test the validity of these two perspectives in interpreting learning difficulties in mathematics among at-risk students. To this end, we collaborated with normally achieving （undiagnosed） and at-risk students. Results show that the second perspective is better suited to the interpretation of learning difficulties in mathematics students

浅谈如何提高初中信息技术课堂实效

本文结合我校中学信息技术实践,围绕如何提高初中信息技术课教学效率展开探讨,就本人在教学实践中“先学后教随机提高”、“半成品示范操作”、“生活化教学”、“小组长负责”等做法进行了阐述,希望能找到更适合初中信息技术课的教学方法,提升信息技术课堂教学的有效性.