深入了解校本课程 开展学术教研

高校课程为了适应当今社会的多样化和学生全面而有个性的发展,构建教学重基础、实践多样化、理论有层次、产学有结合的合理课程结构。创建利于引导大学生提高学习能动性课程环境,加强合作交流以及分析和解决问题的能力。

高中语文“学术型教研”的实践与研究

高中语文教研组建设滞后,影响新课程的实施。以项目推动的“学术型教研”,将突破机械、单一的教研模式,形成相互带动、有机融合的局面。教师将突破惯性主导的经验教学,在项目引领下,相互协作,探索学科教学的规律,努力形成教学的“高峰体验”。

学术型教研组的主要特征与建设策略——以成都金苹果锦城第一中学外语组建设为例

“双减”背景下高品质学校建设需要以高品质教师队伍作支撑,学术型教研组为建设高品质教师队伍提供了保障。建设学术型教研组,可以采用团队梯度培养、教研组规范建设、系列成果提炼与学术性文化涵养等策略。

Understanding Lecturers＇ Well-being From the Aspects of Self-determination Theory

There are five changes in higher education across the world in the 21st century. The five changes include changes in the university students, changes in the professoriate, changes in academic administration, intemationalisation, and assessment of academic work. These changes are evident in higher education in China. The pressure of the changes -on lecturers will have effects on the wellbeing of lecturers. The study discusses the wellbeing under the Self-determination Theory. This theory views wellbeing as a state of happiness. This theory also proposes that people＇s intrinsic goals like personal growth, meaningful relationships, and community contributions can enhance the satisfaction of three basic needs--need for autonomy, need for competence, and need for relatedness. In this way, lecturers can experience a sense of wellbeing. The findings of the study are significant for leaders in higher education who need to implement policies that foster effective work environments.

Developing Theoretical Relativistic Framework for Research in Open and Flexible Learning： A New Trend in Educational Research

The purpose of research study was to develop a theoretical relativistic framework for research in open and flexible learning environment because it is a new dimension in the field of education. Developing a theoretical relativistic framework for any research study is first and prime step in walking on the track to reach the distinction set by the researcher. Open and flexible learning is a new trend in education, enriched with ICT-use as a basic demand of the 21st century generation in all parts of the globe. So, it requires a theoretical framework for its initiation, implementation, development and evaluation which is relatively developed and advanced from the existing framework. In any research study the literature review is carried out in order to develop, build or construct a theoretical framework. The researcher of the study has observed while attending the international conference on ODL （AAOU, 2013） that most of the studies require theoretical underpinning for ICT-use in education. The researcher assume that being a new trend in education to use ICT for teaching learning purpose; it requires conceptual clarity and theoretical background of the user and researcher, because, without theory the practice is wastage of money, time and energy and it becomes ineffective and requires relatively new conceptual development. So, the problem stated by the researcher for the study was： Developing theoretical relativistic framework for research in open and flexible learning： A new trend in educational research. The objective of the study was integrating the interrelated concepts to build a pnemonological network for identifying the constructs in ICT-rich open and flexible learning environment. The study was significant because it provided theoretical background for conducting research in ICT-use for teaching and learning through open and flexible systems; whether blended or online learning and training. The methodology used by the researcher was qualitative and interpretive because there were reviewing of literature and meta-analysis for building the framework. The data were analyzed and interpreted by the researcher for the findings and drawing conclusions. On the basis of conclusions the researcher has made suggestions and recommendations for conducting research in open and flexible learning environment by using this theoretical relativistic framework. The framework was named as Virtual Learning Environment Framework （VLEF）.

On How to Achieve the Scientific Transformation From College Integral English to Academic English

In order to meet the trend of China＇s rapid economic and social development and the internationalization of higher education, a new round of college English teaching reform is ready to start. Following the pilot reform by colleges and universities in Beijing, some colleges and universities in Shanghai will also initiate college English teaching reform program this fall. According to SCETFR （Shanghai College English Teaching Frame of Reference）, the core of the new round of reform is to replace the traditional integral or comprehensive English with academic English, and through which to strive to improve students＇ English language ability in academic study and profession, and help them build a strong competence in international exchanges and competitions. The author, based on the status quo of China＇s current college English teaching, made some forward-looking predictions to the reform, and put forward some constructive proposals and measures

How to Teach Academic Reading More Effectively： Reading-Aloud Approach

In furtherance of their most recent research on the textbook of the course LC （language and communication） 4001 Reading Skills Development in English for Graduate Studies （2012）, the co-authors carried out a follow-up work on read-aloud approach as some students voiced a sense of dissatisfaction with regard to such means which was primarily used in the LC 4001 class taking place from August 8 to November 27, 2012. In the current study, the data were garnered from 37 students enrolling in LC 4001 from January 8 to May 7, 2013. Based on the questionnaire, the findings revealed that a large number of the English reading learners acknowledged the mounting importance of English as a linguafranca in the region of 84% and 16% at the ＂most＂ and ＂much＂ levels, respectively. Likewise, around 90% of the participants had a positive attitude toward such pedagogical method, while only 10% disliked it. Concerning the academic reading curriculum for higher English reading competence, students＇ different language learning backgrounds and personal excitement caused by reading-aloud activities should be taken on board. Any activity introduced into the classroom should be explicitly stated to the students at the beginning of the course. Using any instructional approach without clear explanations or precautions may seriously upset learners partially or even completely obstruct their effective learning

The Psycho-Pedagogical Monitoring Research and the Problems of the Quality of Requirements in the Current Educational System

Nowadays, we face many obstacles connected with the high quality education. This sphere forces us to implement new methods and approaches in everyday learning process. The following academic research done on psycho-pedagogical sphere in higher education showed that the enhancement in the educational system is developing slowly because of the lack of research. By all means, it is the right time to follow the objectives and try to develop and suggest the current teaching process using technology that of course will be based on the development of quality control and thesaurus-agency approaches. As mentioned in Bolkan and Goodboy, their research showed that teachers who promote intellectual stimulation empower and enrich students both cognitive and affective getting knowledge and experience process in the classroom. The main objective of current experiment is that it suggests intellectual stimulation which is linked to intrinsic motivation, and that intrinsic motivation has all the advantages to influence students＇ use of effective studying behaviors. According to Dunlosky, Marsh, Nathan, Willingham and Rawson, there are specific techniques which can influence on the overall process of higher education.

The Study on University Literature Teaching based on Multimedia Technology

currently, the multimedia language teaching has gradually entered the university, the old and the young program, and gradually plays a great charm, and gradually influence and change the traditional language teaching. Multimedia is a new technology lived in a simple or synthesized form shown by the text, the graphics, the images, the animation as well as audio, video and other information, which processed through the computer＇s software and hardware. I apply this new technology in teaching that＇ s the multimedia teaching.

The Impact of Handicrafts on the Promotion of Cultural and Economic Development for Students of Art Education in Higher Education

This paper studies the impact of handicrafts on the promotion of cultural and economic development for students of art education in higher education through handicrafts based on local customs and traditions. Descriptive, analytical, and experimental methods are used in this research. The results of the study are expected to benefit from the results of this study to provide planners handicrafts in the Ministry of Education. An effective strategy can affect the teaching and learning of handicrafts, the protection of its features and its presence and identity. The study sample consists of 45 students of the third level, batch 2012-2013, from the faculty of Education at the University of Khartoum, Republic of the Sudan. The researchers to prepare topics for handicrafts depend on the use of local materials and units which are derived from the environment and represent the Artistic heritage that is shown through handicrafts （pottery, ceramics, calligraphy, decoration, carpet weaving and textile, sewing, embroidery, sculpture and engraving on wood, metal works, and printing works）. The researchers focuse that the students learn the value of handicrafts in terms of economic and method of production and take advantage of it to increase the income of the individual product. The results confLrms the existence of a difference in the quality and value of handicrafts for students in both groups： the experimental and control group, which confirms that the handcrafts lead to the promotion of cultural and economic development for students of art education in higher education. The researchers are recommended to consider of this topic as a main component which enables an area for further studies to develop different strategies in the field of handicrafts, for students to recognize the importance of the handicrafts value in terms of economic and method of production and take advantage of it to increase the income of the individual product.

Experienced College Instructors＇ Personal Epistemology in Teaching Social Studies and Their Perception of Using Technology

Experience includes explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂espoused theory＂ which is what a person believes and claims to follow. Tacit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂theory-in-use＂ which lies behind a person＇s action or behavior. The knowledge of teaching demonstrated in the classroom can be referred to as tacit knowledge or theory-in-use which is often the theory behind the practice of experienced teachers. Freema Elbaz （1983） points out that the ＂experience＂ is referred to as ＂practical knowledge＂, which ＂provides the basis for a conceptualization which sees the teacher as possessing valuable resources＂ （6） and allows teachers to explicitly indicate and tacitly demonstrate their experience in teaching. The purpose of the study is to investigate how experienced college instructors apply their good teaching qualities to teaching social studies. The participants are three experienced college instructors teaching social studies. A concept map and a final reflection are used to elicit experienced instructors＇ personal epistemology in teaching social studies and their perception of technology use in the classroom. Each participant was asked to generate nine good teaching qualities and draw their concept map based on the nine qualities. Their concept maps reflected their theory-in-use and showed the relationship among their teaching qualities by displaying them together in a graphic form and how each teaching quality is connected to another. Participants＇ technology use was also explored to get their perception of the role of technology and their actual use of it in teaching. Then they were asked to validate their concept map data and reflect on their classroom teaching and use of technology. The findings show the three instructors taught under different schema and decided what their means and ends should be and how technology can help facilitate teaching and learning. However, most of them seemed to treat the content （e.g., democracy education） as their ends and thus used pedagogy （e.g., technology） as the means to reach the ends. Their technology use also reflected their perception of technology in teaching and revealed their limited understanding of technology integration, which leads to potential problems.

Beyond the Concepts of the Secular and the Religious

The U.S. Supreme Court gave the privately owned company Hobby Lobby the authority to deny healthcare coverage to its employees, a decision by a secular authority involving the owner＇s religious beliefs. In France, the first issue released by the secular magazine Charlie Hebdo after the terrorist attack depicted a religious figure declaring, ＂All is forgiven.＂ In each instance the boundaries between the ＂secular＂ and ＂religious＂ were transgressed. In the academic study of religion, an additional direction methodology needs to take involves the lens formed by academic concepts and categories as shaped by the historical development of the university＇s discourses and lines of inquiry. The university is an epistemological project and we look ＂out there＂ through concepts and categories formed ＂in here＂, inside of the history of ＂the university＂. It is another dimension to the problem of the insider/outsider. This paper will use the characteristics of interdisciplinarity to historicize how the university as an epistemological project has developed the concepts of ＂religion＂, the ＂secular＂, and the binary they form, in order to suggest directions for their use to interpret events in the 21 st century through the academic study of religion.

Academic Study of Religion in Universities, Southwest Nigeria： In Search of Social Identity/Relevance

Social theorists have engaged religion as a social agent and submitted that it has the capacity to foster positive and negative changes in the society. Milton Yinger, Emile Durkheim, and Karl Marx lead the pack among other sociologists. The need to therefore interrogate religion as an agent of social engineering cannot be overemphasized normatively and functionally. One of the implications of such engagement is that religion; study and practice need to respond to issues in the society. Basic challenges facing the Nigerian nation are issues of poverty, diseases, corruption, and illiteracy. However, in Nigerian universities, the situation posits that religion is studied with theological intentions based on the curriculum bequeathed by the missionaries that laid the foundation for the academic study of religion in Nigeria leading to exclusive and reductionist approaches to its study. There is also government policy that placed emphasis on science and management courses for development. The situation has led to reduction in students＇ enrolments for the study of religion in Nigerian universities. Therefore, this paper seeks explanations for the non-functional design（s） of the curriculum for the academic study of religion in universities, southwest of Nigeria. Descriptive and analytic methods were adopted in the study to pursue the thesis that the academic study of religion in Nigeria should be rebranded and repackaged to respond and interrogate social challenges/problems, such as the scourge of HIV/AIDS plaguing the society thereby recreating a new social identity and relevance for its study.

Research as a Deliberate Chess Activity Software Testing Platform for Professional Dynamic Development of the Education Sector

Current paper presents the influence of academic chess activity in Armenian schools. Nowadays, people face many obstacles connected with the high quality education. This sphere forces them to implement new methods and approaches in everyday learning process. The following academic research done on research as a deliberate chess activity software testing platform for professional dynamic development of the education sector showed that the implementation of academic chess with low grade students may have positive effect. The experiment done in this paper is closely related to the inclusive education as well. Mainly this experiment showed that collaborative training or learning can be very positive when children with disabilities are integrated in the learning process.

Research on Higher Vocational English Education

Vocational students generally English foundation is weak, not strong interest in learning how to guide students to learn to think independently, to stimulate students＇ curiosity, is a series of problems faced by English teachers in vocational college. In this paper, the issues currently facing vocational English education was of, and the corresponding countermeasures. With the development of economic and trade globalization, increasingly strengthened international exchanges. Society is not only high-level personnel to graduate raised higher and higher English proficiency requirements, the ability to develop applications based English Education in Higher Colleges also put forward higher requirements. Vocalional Training Colleges for professional and technical personnel is an important part of our personnel training requirements for rapid economic development of professional and technical personnel in addition to high technical expertise, but also need to understand the professional literature information inquiry, learning and further education. Therefore, we must from the height of the times and the needs of international competition to recognize new opportunities and challenges of English teaching in higher vocational colleges are facing a variety of approaches and strive to improve our English teaching level.

Situation and Development of Innovative Research Universities Engineering Science and Technology Talents

Teaching and research universities cultivate innovative talents that should have the following characteristics： a strong curiosity and thirst for knowledge, strong ability of self-learning and exploration. They should primarily get engaged in applied basic research, focus on knowledge development and operational needs of the basic technology for logic systems, and acquire subject knowledge and expertise, technological innovation. They should have a good moral training, be able to work or live together with others; have good health and good human qualities, be able to take hard work. For the purposes of teaching and Research University, it is to foster innovative talents, we must adhere to the fundamental status of undergraduate teaching, and gradually promote the study of teaching; we must adhere to the path of industry-university cooperation; students in general education system must be established.

Research and Analysis on the College English Teaching Emphasis from the Cultural Migration and Transformation of Thinking Perspectives

In this paper, we conduct research on the college English teaching emphasis from the cultural migration and transformation ofthinking perspectives. College English has long been in for the college English subject status. However, college English as a multidisciplinary,interdisciplinary research in the field of discipline construction, it seems, are still stay in the linguistics, language knowledge in academiccharacteristics for its stage of development. Reform of basic college English teaching, the teacher is still teaching main body, is the teaching oflanguage knowledge, since teachers play an important role in language teaching, the teacher wants to penetrate cultural knowledge in teachingand we must strengthen their own culture. Under this basis, this paper proposes the novel ideals on the related issues that will be meaningful andinnovative.

The Dilemma of Pursuing Chinese Religious Studies in the Framework of Western Religious Theories

In the academic research on religion in China, there have been gaps and dilemmas as the result of differences between Chinese and Western cultures. Throughout this initial period, Chinese scholars have often attempted to interpret Chinese traditional culture and belief with reference to Westem viewpoints and theories. But in studying Chinese religion in this way, many problems and dilemmas inevitably arise. Philosophers, too, adopted this starting point-a strategy now identified as reverse analogical interpretation. This approach has also had great influence in the conventional line of thinking in the social scientific study of religion. By discussing the existence and influence of reverse analogical interpretation in Chinese religious studies, this paper intends to strengthen the social scientific basis of religious studies in China. One negative result of this Western orientation is that the potential substantive contributions of Chinese religion to the larger field of religious studies are slighted. Reverse analogical interpretation even tempts Chinese researchers to overlook the distinctive features of Chinese religion. This paper begins with an analysis of the application of the term “ religion” in Chinese academic research and then reflects on the dilemma of employing Western theories of religion in Chinese cultural environments. It is hoped that this reflection may contribute to a heightened consciousness of both the benefits and the difficulties involved in such cross-cultural intellectual exchange.