Classical Indian Buddhist philosopher Nfigfirjuna is known for his philosophical interpretations of the central conception of Buddha＇s teachings, the philosophy of Middle Path （Mfidhyamika）. Notably he had introduc...Classical Indian Buddhist philosopher Nfigfirjuna is known for his philosophical interpretations of the central conception of Buddha＇s teachings, the philosophy of Middle Path （Mfidhyamika）. Notably he had introduced the unique concept of ＂emptiness＂ （gnyata） to explain the Middle Path philosophy： the philosophical meaning of ＂emptiness＂ is dependent co-arising of various elements that support the worldly experience. This study investigates how this concept is used in explaining the subjectivity of a human person and how it is used for interpreting the unique process of human existence. The discussions on subjectivity are imprecise in modern and contemporary philosophy. But Ngrjuna＇s philosophy enables us to explain subjectivity conclusively, without it having to be explained using metaphysical positions. Sunyata may introduce a new definition for the concept of non-self： not for negating the self but for caring self from the problems of life by making it centered in the Middle Path （madhyama-pratipat）, where one may naturally be able to use his wisdom （prajh） as the guiding principle： not mere knowledge （na）. Sanyat is understood using fourfold （catus.kot.i） logical analysis, not twofold analysis employed normally by other philosophers. Here, the Buddhist notion of self as the co-dependent evolution process of five aggregates （pahcaskandhas） is reinterpreted using the unique method of tetralemma （catus.kot. i）. This critique explores the Western philosophy＇s conceptions on ＂human reasoning, ＂logocentrism,＂ and the objective analytical method of modern science.＂ After careful cross examination of the rival philosophical positions, it reasons out why the ＂rationale of nature＂ is always superior to ＂human reasoning＂ and ＂logocentrism,＂展开更多
We make some efforts to find some connections between religion and medical science. Medical science can be regarded as sacred and holy as a religion for doctors to believe. The common points between them are the basis...We make some efforts to find some connections between religion and medical science. Medical science can be regarded as sacred and holy as a religion for doctors to believe. The common points between them are the basis to successfully integrate them into doctors' faith. Furthermore, we explain that doctors need a faith to believe so as to meet the demand of humanitarian traits we should have and to do better in the scientific work and win in the battles with the diseases.展开更多
The systemic view on industry and on production and consumption pattern is an essential feature of the industrial ecology （IE） concept. One consequence of this view is to investigate industrial flows and consumer ac...The systemic view on industry and on production and consumption pattern is an essential feature of the industrial ecology （IE） concept. One consequence of this view is to investigate industrial flows and consumer activities, and their effects on the environment in order to evaluate and eventually optimize these flows with the help of a systems methodology. Industrial ecology has been developed by engineers and natural scientists and its ethical core canon often manifests in anthropocentric assertions such as harmonizing the contradiction between nature and culture with scientific expertise, appropriate technology and socio-economic management. This paper argues however for a biocentric inspired, normative reading of some characteristics of industrial ecology＇s systems methodology. The presumption for the value of this endeavor is that industrial ecology＇s systems methodology has a potential for developing directions for the design of a possible sustainable world.展开更多
Although it is common for Chinese students to learn English for many years, they are still confronted with problems when it comes to communicating with people in English. Lack of working hard, necessary learning conte...Although it is common for Chinese students to learn English for many years, they are still confronted with problems when it comes to communicating with people in English. Lack of working hard, necessary learning context, and interest does play a part; however, the problem really lies mostly in teaching process, so, to improve the quality of learning, teachers should bear more responsibilities and do more to bring humanism to English class and enhance student-centeredness. To achieve this goal, teachers should know more about students＇ learning styles so as to apply different approaches to students with different learning styles. What is more, priority should be given to analysis of learners＇ needs as well as preferences, on the basis of which a curriculum can be developed to meet the needs of a particular group of students. Finally, improvement of learner autonomy will lead to the shift of learning responsibilities from teacher to students, thus achieving student-centered learning ultimately.展开更多
In the novel What I Saw and How I Lied （2008）, Judy Blundell presents readers a world of noir where so many lies are around the innocent protagonist, 15-year-old girl Evie. It is a challenge for Evie to probe into t...In the novel What I Saw and How I Lied （2008）, Judy Blundell presents readers a world of noir where so many lies are around the innocent protagonist, 15-year-old girl Evie. It is a challenge for Evie to probe into the heart of the deceptions and make ethical choices between good and evil. After experiencing the path from error to truth, from confusion to clarity, and unconsciousness to consciousness, Evie comes to realize the corruption and evils of the society and in an epiphany, obtains a self-knowledge which leads to her initiation. Through analyzing the ethical predicament and ethical choices of the protagonist Evie as well as the negative living environment around her, the present paper aims to interrogate the moral issues of truth, lie, justice, greed, fidelity, and betrayal so as to give readers a better understanding of the theme of initiation in the novel.展开更多
In recent decades, ecological problems are becoming more and more serious, which are focused worldwide. ＂Eco-[inguistics＂ （EL） also called ＂Ecology of Language＂ emerges in the situation that scholars try their b...In recent decades, ecological problems are becoming more and more serious, which are focused worldwide. ＂Eco-[inguistics＂ （EL） also called ＂Ecology of Language＂ emerges in the situation that scholars try their best to solve the problems in linguistics. As an emerging interdisciplinary area of ecology and linguistics, eco-linguistics aims at analyzing the ecological phenomenon in language, exploring the relation between language and environment, and looking for the variety of internal patterns of language. At present, scholars at home have made a lot of achievements with the tendency from theoretical studies to practical studies. On the theoretical framework of eco-linguistics and the transitivity method of Systemic Functional Linguistics（SFL）, by analyzing two texts excerpted from BBC news reports which involve two kinds of animals, this article tries to explore the relation between human and animals and our attitudes toward different animals, analyze the ecological elements and hidden non-ecological features in the discourses, reveal the essential reasons for ecological disruption---inherent human ideology, interpret the influences on nature. We expect that people pay more attention to the issues of environment protection, change anthropocentrism to ecocentrism which builds the harmonious relation between human and nature.展开更多
The Old Man and the Sea is Hemingway＇s last important work which is regarded by critics as the summary of his life and his philosophic views on life. The paper attempts to approach the story with the view of existent...The Old Man and the Sea is Hemingway＇s last important work which is regarded by critics as the summary of his life and his philosophic views on life. The paper attempts to approach the story with the view of existentialism, which flourished at the time when Hemingway began to create this novella. In light of the existentialist views on the relations between being-in-itself and being-for-itself, and existence and essence, the author tends to analyze the interactions of the characters of the story with themselves through the choices they made, which is to be of significance for those who strive to understand Hemingway＇s work and who try to comprehend human beings and themselves.展开更多
The introduction of the ICTs （Information and Communication Technologies） in education has set a new paradigm in knowledge acquisition. The Internet, overhead projectors and interactive boards, presentation and anim...The introduction of the ICTs （Information and Communication Technologies） in education has set a new paradigm in knowledge acquisition. The Internet, overhead projectors and interactive boards, presentation and animation software, and online databases are only some resources that teachers use in order to present information in a more dynamic, immediate, and stunning way, transforming and revitalizing the teaching-learning process. The ICTs have been established in the university classroom and nowadays, they have become an essential part in this teaching-learning process. Lecturers make use of them in the same proportion as they make of traditional materials. At the same time, students have to be acquainted with these new technologies and they also have to be able to deal with them. The objective of this paper is twofold： On the one hand, we study and show how our students make use of the technologies when they have to face their oral presentations in the subject Advanced English： Professional Settings （English Studies Degree at Universitat Jaume I in Castellen, Spain）. It is acknowledged that visual aids can be helpful to support a speech, but we want to analyze if the visual aids are successfully applied, how and to which extent. On the other hand, we want to make out the opinions of their classmates about the use of these graphical resources （students fill in a questionnaire about the effectiveness of the visual aids in their classmates＇ presentations and how they would improve them）. Results demonstrate that not only teachers make advantage of the new technological resources, we show, based on the students＇ oral presentations and their peer-reviews, that also our university students are increasingly aware of the advantage and importance of the ICTs in the classroom.展开更多
文摘Classical Indian Buddhist philosopher Nfigfirjuna is known for his philosophical interpretations of the central conception of Buddha＇s teachings, the philosophy of Middle Path （Mfidhyamika）. Notably he had introduced the unique concept of ＂emptiness＂ （gnyata） to explain the Middle Path philosophy： the philosophical meaning of ＂emptiness＂ is dependent co-arising of various elements that support the worldly experience. This study investigates how this concept is used in explaining the subjectivity of a human person and how it is used for interpreting the unique process of human existence. The discussions on subjectivity are imprecise in modern and contemporary philosophy. But Ngrjuna＇s philosophy enables us to explain subjectivity conclusively, without it having to be explained using metaphysical positions. Sunyata may introduce a new definition for the concept of non-self： not for negating the self but for caring self from the problems of life by making it centered in the Middle Path （madhyama-pratipat）, where one may naturally be able to use his wisdom （prajh） as the guiding principle： not mere knowledge （na）. Sanyat is understood using fourfold （catus.kot.i） logical analysis, not twofold analysis employed normally by other philosophers. Here, the Buddhist notion of self as the co-dependent evolution process of five aggregates （pahcaskandhas） is reinterpreted using the unique method of tetralemma （catus.kot. i）. This critique explores the Western philosophy＇s conceptions on ＂human reasoning, ＂logocentrism,＂ and the objective analytical method of modern science.＂ After careful cross examination of the rival philosophical positions, it reasons out why the ＂rationale of nature＂ is always superior to ＂human reasoning＂ and ＂logocentrism,＂
文摘We make some efforts to find some connections between religion and medical science. Medical science can be regarded as sacred and holy as a religion for doctors to believe. The common points between them are the basis to successfully integrate them into doctors' faith. Furthermore, we explain that doctors need a faith to believe so as to meet the demand of humanitarian traits we should have and to do better in the scientific work and win in the battles with the diseases.
文摘The systemic view on industry and on production and consumption pattern is an essential feature of the industrial ecology （IE） concept. One consequence of this view is to investigate industrial flows and consumer activities, and their effects on the environment in order to evaluate and eventually optimize these flows with the help of a systems methodology. Industrial ecology has been developed by engineers and natural scientists and its ethical core canon often manifests in anthropocentric assertions such as harmonizing the contradiction between nature and culture with scientific expertise, appropriate technology and socio-economic management. This paper argues however for a biocentric inspired, normative reading of some characteristics of industrial ecology＇s systems methodology. The presumption for the value of this endeavor is that industrial ecology＇s systems methodology has a potential for developing directions for the design of a possible sustainable world.
文摘Although it is common for Chinese students to learn English for many years, they are still confronted with problems when it comes to communicating with people in English. Lack of working hard, necessary learning context, and interest does play a part; however, the problem really lies mostly in teaching process, so, to improve the quality of learning, teachers should bear more responsibilities and do more to bring humanism to English class and enhance student-centeredness. To achieve this goal, teachers should know more about students＇ learning styles so as to apply different approaches to students with different learning styles. What is more, priority should be given to analysis of learners＇ needs as well as preferences, on the basis of which a curriculum can be developed to meet the needs of a particular group of students. Finally, improvement of learner autonomy will lead to the shift of learning responsibilities from teacher to students, thus achieving student-centered learning ultimately.
文摘In the novel What I Saw and How I Lied （2008）, Judy Blundell presents readers a world of noir where so many lies are around the innocent protagonist, 15-year-old girl Evie. It is a challenge for Evie to probe into the heart of the deceptions and make ethical choices between good and evil. After experiencing the path from error to truth, from confusion to clarity, and unconsciousness to consciousness, Evie comes to realize the corruption and evils of the society and in an epiphany, obtains a self-knowledge which leads to her initiation. Through analyzing the ethical predicament and ethical choices of the protagonist Evie as well as the negative living environment around her, the present paper aims to interrogate the moral issues of truth, lie, justice, greed, fidelity, and betrayal so as to give readers a better understanding of the theme of initiation in the novel.
文摘In recent decades, ecological problems are becoming more and more serious, which are focused worldwide. ＂Eco-[inguistics＂ （EL） also called ＂Ecology of Language＂ emerges in the situation that scholars try their best to solve the problems in linguistics. As an emerging interdisciplinary area of ecology and linguistics, eco-linguistics aims at analyzing the ecological phenomenon in language, exploring the relation between language and environment, and looking for the variety of internal patterns of language. At present, scholars at home have made a lot of achievements with the tendency from theoretical studies to practical studies. On the theoretical framework of eco-linguistics and the transitivity method of Systemic Functional Linguistics（SFL）, by analyzing two texts excerpted from BBC news reports which involve two kinds of animals, this article tries to explore the relation between human and animals and our attitudes toward different animals, analyze the ecological elements and hidden non-ecological features in the discourses, reveal the essential reasons for ecological disruption---inherent human ideology, interpret the influences on nature. We expect that people pay more attention to the issues of environment protection, change anthropocentrism to ecocentrism which builds the harmonious relation between human and nature.
文摘The Old Man and the Sea is Hemingway＇s last important work which is regarded by critics as the summary of his life and his philosophic views on life. The paper attempts to approach the story with the view of existentialism, which flourished at the time when Hemingway began to create this novella. In light of the existentialist views on the relations between being-in-itself and being-for-itself, and existence and essence, the author tends to analyze the interactions of the characters of the story with themselves through the choices they made, which is to be of significance for those who strive to understand Hemingway＇s work and who try to comprehend human beings and themselves.
文摘The introduction of the ICTs （Information and Communication Technologies） in education has set a new paradigm in knowledge acquisition. The Internet, overhead projectors and interactive boards, presentation and animation software, and online databases are only some resources that teachers use in order to present information in a more dynamic, immediate, and stunning way, transforming and revitalizing the teaching-learning process. The ICTs have been established in the university classroom and nowadays, they have become an essential part in this teaching-learning process. Lecturers make use of them in the same proportion as they make of traditional materials. At the same time, students have to be acquainted with these new technologies and they also have to be able to deal with them. The objective of this paper is twofold： On the one hand, we study and show how our students make use of the technologies when they have to face their oral presentations in the subject Advanced English： Professional Settings （English Studies Degree at Universitat Jaume I in Castellen, Spain）. It is acknowledged that visual aids can be helpful to support a speech, but we want to analyze if the visual aids are successfully applied, how and to which extent. On the other hand, we want to make out the opinions of their classmates about the use of these graphical resources （students fill in a questionnaire about the effectiveness of the visual aids in their classmates＇ presentations and how they would improve them）. Results demonstrate that not only teachers make advantage of the new technological resources, we show, based on the students＇ oral presentations and their peer-reviews, that also our university students are increasingly aware of the advantage and importance of the ICTs in the classroom.
