教学生学会学习:意蕴、要素和教师担当

"教学生学会学习"是"知识经济""学习型社会""培养全面发展的高素质人才"语境下课堂教学的焦点之一。其意蕴在于"以学生的全面发展为指向,突破书本知识学习框架,引导学生在多维学习的关联和互动中塑造‘想学、善学、恒学’的品质和进行创造性学习,从而获得社会适应能力、实践能力、自主性学习和创造学习能力"。以"积极的学习情感和良好学习品性的养成,知识和方法的引导,能力的培养"为教学的内容要素。教师自身需要责任意识、系统思维、终身学习,才能担当起"教学生学会学习"的重任。

教学生学会发现其他学科中的“语文”

中小学学科教材天然就与"语文"有着十分密切的关系。从本质上看,其他学科教材也应该是一种特殊的语文教材,故可以借用来教学生学好语文。要想让学生具有这种利用其他学科教材来学好语文的自觉意识,就必须先教学生学会从其他学科中发现"语文"。我们一定要教学生突破语文学科本身的围城,打破学科壁垒,学会发现其他学科教材中的"语文",进而紧紧抓住这个语文学习的延展点和生长点,学好语文、会学语文,养成好习惯,过上一种高品质的语文学习生活,不断提升语文核心素养。

浅谈怎样通过语文教学让学生学会“提问”

语文作为语言类知识教学，往往被人们忽略其思维方面的教学。语文的学习不仅仅是词句的积累，也不是名段名句的记忆，语文知识博大精深，尤其是作为历史悠久的文明古国，我国的语言文化更不是别国可以比拟的。语文的学习，尤其是已经进入初中学段的语文学习，更需要学生不断的“提问”，形成问题意识；不断地进行思考，具备思维能力；不断的反思，具备总结能力。

教师核心素养对学生“学会学习”的影响机制探析——以高中化学教学为例

教师作为一个社会人、一类专业、一种事业,具有相对应的核心素养。教师的核心素养包括师德素养和情感素养、学科素养和教学素养、学习素养和创新素养。教师的核心素养对学生“学会学习”会产生影响,对学生“学会学习”具有促进作用,表现为对学生学习学科逻辑思维和知识体系的促进。教师核心素养影响学生“学会学习”的路径有:在思想教育中注重榜样激励和寻求突破;在知识教学中注重意义教学;在课堂教学中营造氛围让学生敢于质疑,搭建舞台让学生现场质疑,即时评价让学生持续质疑;在学习指导中使用阅读学习法和实践探索法。

基于“为学生学会思考而教”的深度教学策略例谈

笔者认为“为学生学会思考而教”应成为数学深度教学的追求与目标,本文结合几个教学案例,谈谈基于教学生学会思考、实施数学深度教学的一些策略.

重庆大学大学生宇航学会简介

2008年对于重庆大学大学生字航学会来说，是个相当重要的年度，这一年，我们宇航学会正式成立了，有了真正属于我们宇航学会的团体，更重要的是让我们有着航空航天梦想的同学找到了志同道合的同伴。我们学会以“勤学、慎思、创新、笃行”为宗旨，在宣传先进科技的同时，力图能锻炼我们大学生自主创新的精神，做到“我们学习宇航方面基础知识，做大学生中的实践者；我们传播宇航知识，做宇航科普的传播人”。

树立科学发展观,迎接来华留学生的新局面——全国外国留学生教育管理学会会长来校调研纪要

4月27日，外国留学生教育管理学会会长于富增、副会长熊彬三来校与厦大海外教育学院的领导、外国留学生管理干部、《海外华文教育》、《海外华文教育动态》编辑部同志和部分教师座谈留学生教育发展问题，讨论了一些与留学生教育发展的有关情况。

高校辅导员要学会运用心理学知识做好学生思想工作

高校辅导员作为大学生直接的管理者、组织者和教育者需要具备多种知识和良好的素质来做好学生工作,其中掌握和运用心理学知识帮助大学生解决困扰成长过程遇到的心理问题是必备技能之一,对做好学生工作具有重要作用。

学会数学思考学会怎样解题--以“阿波罗尼斯圆的几何性质探究”为例

笔者以“阿波罗尼斯圆的几何性质”教学为例,呈现将“教学生学会思考”的原理应用于数学教学的过程.通过一题多解,从不同的视角研究问题,提升学生的发散性思维能力,体现数学知识之间较强的逻辑性和系统性.在解题过程中培养学生的数学抽象、逻辑推理、数学建模、直观想象、数学运算、数据分析素养,最终实现学生解题能力和数学素养的可持续发展.

教会学生自己学习

新课程标准实施以来,新课程模式犹如雨后春笋,层出不穷。诸多模式都在学生自主学习习惯的养成、能力的培养上进行着广泛意义上的思考,获取着课堂教学的有效,甚至达成某些层面上的高效。学生学习语文的最真体现方面进行思考,获得诸多启迪。

以“学生”为本——也谈提高课堂教学有效性

提高课堂教学有效性是提高学生学习成绩的重要保证。允许争论和批评,必要时甚至可以允许学生不举手就站起来自由发表意见、观点,激发、鼓舞、调动学生的主体精神,恰到好处地发挥教师的主导作用。

过程性考评的探索与实践

如何运用过程性考评调动学生学习的主动性与积极性，促进学生把理论学习与实际生活相结合，提高学生分析、解决问题的能力，培养学生创新精神。本文就“课前小测”、“学生讲历史”、“出历史手抄报”、“引导学生学会提问”等方面开展过程性考评的探索。

Functional dyspepsia:Are psychosocial factors of relevance?

The pathogenesis of Functional Dyspepsia （FD） remains unclear, appears diverse and is thus inadequately understood. Akin to other functional gastrointestinal disorders, research has demonstrated an association between this common diagnosis and psychosocial factors and psychiatric morbidity. Conceptualising the relevance of these factors within the syndrome of FD requires application of the biopsychosocial model of disease. Using this paradigm, dysregulation of the reciprocal communication between the brain and the gut is central to symptom generation, interpretation and exacerbation. Appreciation and understanding of the neurobiological correlates of various psychological states is also relevant. The view that psychosocial factors exert their influence in FD predominantly through motivation of health care seeking also persists. This appears too one-dimensional an assertion in light of the evidence available supporting a more intdnsic aetiological link. Evolving understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and the heterogeneous nature of the syndrome will facilitate effective management. Co-morbid psychiatric illness warrants treatment with conventional therapies. Acknowledging the relevance of psychosocial variables in FD, the degree of which is subject to vadation, has implications for assessment and management. Available evidence suggests psychological therapies may benefit FD patients particularly those with chronic symptoms. The rationale for use of psychotropic medications in FD is apparent but the evidence base to support the use of antidepressant pharmacotherapy is to date limited.

Nutritional status changes in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy

Objective This study aimed to assess the real-life nutritional status changes and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) receiving chemotherapy.Methods A total of 104 patients with metastatic NSCLC receiving first-line chemotherapy were included in this study. Unintentional weight loss, body mass index(BMI) changes, and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded and evaluated. Biochemical parameters [hemoglobin(Hb) and albumin levels] were compared before and after two chemotherapy cycles using SPSS software.Results Of these patients, 65.38%(68/104) experienced unintentional weight loss, whereas 30.77% and 12.5% presented with ≥ 5% and ≥ 10% degrees of weight loss, respectively, within 6 months before first-line chemotherapy was administered. Then, 48.08%(50/104) of the patients experienced unintentional weight loss after two chemotherapy cycles. The mean body weight after chemotherapy was 61.47 ± 10.37 kg, which was significantly decreased relative to that before chemotherapy(P < 0.05). The mean BMI after chemotherapy was 22.66 ± 3.34 kg/m^2, which was also significantly diminished with respect to that during the previous chemotherapy cycle(P < 0.05). The most common gastrointestinal symptoms reported among all the study patients were anorexia(80/104, 76.92%), nausea(53/104, 50.96%), constipation(49/104, 47.12%), vomiting(48/104, 46.15%), taste disorders(40/104, 38.46%), and early satiety(32/104, 30.77%). The mean Hb levels after chemotherapy were 117.06 ± 16.67 g/L, which were significantly lower than those before chemotherapy(132.73 ± 16.42 g/L)(P < 0.05). No significant difference was noted between the mean albumin levels before and after chemotherapy(38.29 ± 4.22 g/L vs 38.17 ± 4.54 g/L; P = 0.798). Conclusion Weight loss history, gastrointestinal symptoms, and Hb level decreases are determinant factors of nutritional status in patients with advanced NSCLC and must be included in the screening, evaluation, and treatment of lung carcinoma.

Using Mixed Methods to Investigate the Relationship Between Student Motivation and Academic Achievement From Socio-Cultural Perspective

Language learning is a complex process for many reasons. First, it is closely related to linguistics. Second, language is social as it occurs within certain social contexts. And finally, it is individual. Personal characteristics such as experience, gender and age, attitude and aptitude, motivation, beliefs, self-confidence, and anxiety greatly influence language learning. Among these variables, motivation is considered to be one of the most important factors affecting the success of second or foreign language learning. However, the relationship between motivation and educational achievement is not quite clear. In the current literature, motivation is regarded as socially constructed, therefore as dynamic rather than static. Little research has been conducted on the motivation of Vietnamese students studying English as a compulsory curriculum component rather than as a major from a socio-cultural perspective. Understanding the relationship between student motivation and academic achievement as well as the socio-cultural factors that affect students＇ motivation will be an important contribution to motivation theory. Therefore, the situation requires longitudinal and in-depth research into student motivation, the factors affecting it during the learning process, and the relationship between student motivation and academic achievement. A mixed method approach has been chosen to meet the needs of the study. It is believed that insights in these areas will help address the issue of motivation at the Police University.

Why do not accounting graduates want to become accountants？

This study searches the reasons why accounting graduates do not want to become members of the Malaysian Institute of Accountants （MIA） and accountants. Ten participants were interviewed. An analysis of their interview transcripts, using the constant comparative method, discloses the following reasons why they do not register as members： no added benefits to current employment, difficulty in filling in the application forms, high cost of membership and lack of ambition to become accountants. The findings of this study provide insights to the professional accounting bodies and academics on the accounting graduates＇ lack of interest to become accountants.

A Study of Students＇ Opinions About History Subjects in the Social Studies Curriculum

Social studies combines social sciences and the humanities, and has the purpose of raising effective citizens. There are many different areas integrated in social studies including history, geography, philosophy and psychology. Social studies is the presentation of the information produced by these areas in framework of a curriculum. Social studies curriculum is a multi-dimensional program. One of the objectives of this program is to raise individuals who know about their past and shape their future with the help of the lessons they learn from history. In this context, the aim of this study is to determine sixth grade students＇ perspective to the history subjects in social studies curriculum, learn the place of history in their lives and see how history subjects are taught in classrooms. This study is limited to the 2014-2015 academic year. The participants were identified using random sampling, a probability-based sampling method. This is a qualitative study. The study includes interviews with eight sixth graders, of whom four were female and four were male. The study data were collected in semi-structured interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The study found that the students enjoyed learning history, had positive opinions about their history grades and their teachers continued to teach history using traditional methods. They also felt that history contributed to their lives. Based on the data collected, the study makes specific suggestions.

Two in One： The Collaboration Between Science Foundation Lecturers in Imparting Academic Skills to Students

Learning challenges are more common in the 21 st century than many people believe; however, there are more efficient and better methods to develop academic learning skills for students. Identifying learning problems can help both students and lecturers to apply specific learning techniques and work together to be more productive in the process of teaching and learning. This study investigates the collaboration of science foundation lecturers in addressing the students＇ academic performance and challenges in their foundation modules at the University of Venda. The study is also aimed at finding out whether students can be able to apply their information technology （IT） skills in other modules and they make use of group work in projects into different foundation modules to enhance performance and develop academic learning skills. In this study, students were given projects in their respective modules （Foundation Biology and Foundation IT） and it was required to them to make use of their IT skills during the research report and also during the presentation of their project. These projects were done in groups wherein students undertook some mini researches. Their findings were then reported in writing and presentations were held. The Foundation English lecturer helped in assessing the use of the academic language used in writing and during oral presentations. The findings from these projects were that students＇ academic performance and skills improved and their specific knowledge in those modules also improved radically. It was found that group work plays a very imperative role in enhancing the students＇ performance and collaboration in various foundation modules.

Student-Teacher Communication in University Teaching

Considering that communication is an extremely important element in modem university education, it is of utmost importance to know how successful student-teacher communication can be achieved. In an attempt to explain it, this paper gives a definition of educational communication focusing on key aspects of student-teacher relationship and development of skills necessary for complete and independent communication. Student-teacher relationship is mostly determined by the first contact, as explained in Heider＇s attribution theory, because assigning attributes to other people and trying to understand their behavior is essential part of human nature. Through the example of pedagogical workshops, the paper demonstrates the importance of the interactive learning at university level, which leads towards establishing effective communication between teachers and students.Considering that communication is an extremely important element in modem university education, it is of utmost importance to know how successful student-teacher communication can be achieved. In an attempt to explain it, this paper gives a definition of educational communication focusing on key aspects of student-teacher relationship and development of skills necessary for complete and independent communication. Student-teacher relationship is mostly determined by the first contact, as explained in Heider＇s attribution theory, because assigning attributes to other people and trying to understand their behavior is essential part of human nature. Through the example of pedagogical workshops, the paper demonstrates the importance of the interactive learning at university level, which leads towards estabhshmg effective communication between teachers and students.

A Phytosociological Study of Hydrocotyle mannfi and Centella asiatica Weed Community in Kampala （Uganda, Eastern Africa）

A phytosociological study of a weed community dominated by Hydrocotyle mannii and Centella asiatica was carried out in Kampala, the capital city of Uganda from 2000 to 2002. The Zurich-Montpellier School of Phytosociology method was used with special emphasis on floristic and synecological structure as well as on dynamic aspects. This community was found to grow on shady moist roadsides and is about 15 cm high. In total, 54 species were recorded; most of them are annual, anemochorous and widespread. The Hydrocotyle mannii and Centella asiatica community is described as a new weed association： Hydocotylo-Centelletum asiaticae Mosango ass. nova.. Hydrocotyle mannii, Centella asiatica, Dichondra repens and Sida veronicifolia have been recognized as the character species of this association. The Hydrocotylo-Centelletum is a pioneer association. It has been ascribed to the alliance Eleusinion indicae Leonard 1950 which includes plant communities growing on shady roadsides. In terms of ecological succession, it appears to be evolving to the Asystasia gangetica herbaceous fallow association which belongs to the alliance Panicion maximi. It belongs to the order Ruderali-Euphorbietalia Schmitz 1971 and the class Ruderali-Manihotetea Leonard in Taton 1949.