Background： The parent-to-child influences can be adaptive and contribute to the optimal psychological well-being and positive perception of the athlete. Contrary to the healthy parental involvement, a family can als...Background： The parent-to-child influences can be adaptive and contribute to the optimal psychological well-being and positive perception of the athlete. Contrary to the healthy parental involvement, a family can also have negative effects on an athlete development. The purpose of this study was to determine gender, father involvement, and mother involvement differences in the psychological profiles of collegiate freshmen athletes as measured by perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. Methods： Eighty-two male and 73 female collegiate freshmen responded to self-reported measures of family involvement, perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. Three separate 2 x 2 x 2 （gender x mother involvement x father involvement） factorial multivariate analysis of variance （MANOVAs） were carried out on the respective subscales from the reported measures. Results： There were significant differences for gender as well as father involvement in perfectionism （p 〈 0.01）. Freshmen females had lower concern over mistakes, and greater levels of organization as well as planfulness than males. Furthermore, freshmen athletes with high involved fathers showed greater levels of high standards for others as well as organization. Conclusion： Father involvement and mother involvement impact perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. perspective. extends through the freshmen year in college as shown in the athletes＇ Future research should develop better measures and utilize a family systems Copyright @ 2012, Shanghai University of Sport. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved展开更多
Based on the data got from questionnaire in which 75 college students from Heze University participated, the present study aims to explore the current situation of college students＇ autonomous listening ability, its ...Based on the data got from questionnaire in which 75 college students from Heze University participated, the present study aims to explore the current situation of college students＇ autonomous listening ability, its gender difference and the correlation between autonomous listening ability and CET-4 listening achievement. The results indicate that the autonomous listening ability for college students is at the medium level with a great individual difference and there＇s a vast space to be promoted. Moreover, there＇s no significant gender difference in autonomous listening ability for college students and there＇s significant positive correlation between autonomous listening ability and CET-4 Listening achievement, especially the dimension of Application of Strategies. Thus, a conclusion can be drawn that in English listening teaching, teachers should change their teaching model and strengthen the application of network teaching; in English listening learning, English learners should promote their ability of using strategies in English listening in order to improve their autonomous learning ability.展开更多
As a new affective variable in the field of L2 （Second Language） Acquisition, the study of WTC （Willingness to Communicate） has attracted widespread attention since the 1990s, which is not only an effective way to...As a new affective variable in the field of L2 （Second Language） Acquisition, the study of WTC （Willingness to Communicate） has attracted widespread attention since the 1990s, which is not only an effective way to promote language learning but also an important language target itself. Based on the data got from the questionnaire, the present study intends to explore the level, gender difference, correlation with academic .performance, and influencing factors of English majors＇ WTC inside classroom using both quantitative and qualitative research method. The results reveal that English majors＇ WTC inside classroom is comparatively high; there is no significant gender difference in English majors＇ WTC inside classroom, and there is significant positive correlation between WTC inside classroom and academic achievement; furthermore, language capacity, language anxiety, and communicative atmosphere are the main influencing factors展开更多
Several biometric measures were taken from 48 adult （mean age 2.78 ±1.71 years） Basset Hound dogs （24 males and 24 females） belonging to four different farms. For each animal, the following biometrical measur...Several biometric measures were taken from 48 adult （mean age 2.78 ±1.71 years） Basset Hound dogs （24 males and 24 females） belonging to four different farms. For each animal, the following biometrical measurements were considered： withers height, chest height, chest depth, trunk length, rump length, ischium width of the rump, ear and nose length, chest and cannon circumference. Results showed that sexual dimorphism was not present; however two morphological groups of Basset Hound with some differences were found. The first group consisted of animals with high and broad chest, while the second one was more compact, with more pronounced nose and ears. Considering breed health, it would be interesting to select the subjects of the first group since showing an anatomical less susceptible to some conformational disorders typical of the breed. On the contrary, focusing our interest on the breed hunting attitude, the second group would have some characteristics more suitable for this purpose.展开更多
This research investigated whether there was a significant relationship between the problems of loneliness, inferiority, and identity confusion. Also, to test whether there was a significant relationship between probl...This research investigated whether there was a significant relationship between the problems of loneliness, inferiority, and identity confusion. Also, to test whether there was a significant relationship between problems of adolescents and their ages and sexes and to ascertain whether there will be a significant difference in sex with regards to these problems, 240 adolescent students from four Senior High Schools were sampled as respondents for the study. Correlations and t-test were used for analyses by employing Statistical Package for Social Sciences （SPSS） version 16. From the results, it appeared that there were highly significant positive correlations existing between the problems. This suggests that the more an adolescent experiences a problem, the higher will he/she experience another problem. Also, it appeared that among the three problems, inferiority had a significant relationship with sex whereas all the problems had a positive significant relationship with age. This suggests that the older an adolescent is, the more severe will he/she experience a problem. Finally, girls tend to experience inferiority more than their male counterparts. This finding also suggested that although problems of adolescents may differ with regards to sex, they are not isolated and therefore multi-factorial in nature.展开更多
The aim of the current study was to investigate gender differences in quality of attachment to God, forgiveness, altruism and mental health in college and seminary school students as well. To fulfil the stated goal 99...The aim of the current study was to investigate gender differences in quality of attachment to God, forgiveness, altruism and mental health in college and seminary school students as well. To fulfil the stated goal 993 individuals were selected by means of stratified sampling procedures and the following measures were distributed among them： Muslim-Spiritual Attachment Scale, Kin Altruism, Reciprocal Altruism Enright Forgiveness Inventory, and Symptom Checklist-90 Revised. Analysis of data using t test revealed significant differences between male and female students （/9 〈 0.01）. Moreover, data indicated that interpersonal sensitivity was higher in male students while somatization complains was higher among female students. Analysis of data showed that quality of secure attachment in female students were higher than male students （P 〈 0.01）. Moreover, female students were higher in altruism, especially in domain of compassion （P 〈 0.05）. In addition female students were higher in perceiving God as a Safe Haven and providing them with comfort and tranquility. Moreover, females students were higher in altruism （p 〈 0.05）, and forgiveness （p 〈 0.01）. The analysis of data revealed that female students were higher in the secure attachment to God, sympathy toward others and they scored higher in somatization complain while male students were higher in the interpersonal sensitivity. Theoretical implication and practical application of findings have been discussed in the original paper. Findings in this project were consistent with body of research findings. Theoretical implication and practical usage of the current study was described in the original paper. Data revealed that female student were higher in secure attachment to God, altruism and forgiveness. Showing emotional stability and higher spirituality.展开更多
In order to ensure the existence of the gender and age differences of middle school students＇ shame, 1258 Shanghai middle school students are surveyed with the help of the Middle school students＇ shame measurement s...In order to ensure the existence of the gender and age differences of middle school students＇ shame, 1258 Shanghai middle school students are surveyed with the help of the Middle school students＇ shame measurement scale with the combination of delaminating and random sampling. The results of questionnaire show that there are significant gender differences in middle school students＇ shame and the average scores of male students＇ shame are higher than those of female students. Besides, there does exist significant age differences in middle school students＇ shame, but it is not simple linear relationship between the feeling of shame and ages. The feeling of shame reaches maximum at the age of 14 and intervention should be given at this age, which young students feel sensitive most. It is suggested that collective remission of the shame should be offered to middle school students with the methods such as physical exercises, persuasion etc.展开更多
From economy to political administrations, education to health, environment to human rights, many problems we met have gained a global importance in recent days. Existing state systems, political parties and nation st...From economy to political administrations, education to health, environment to human rights, many problems we met have gained a global importance in recent days. Existing state systems, political parties and nation states are not adequate for solving these problems in question effectively on their own. Not only governments and local authorities but also voluntary organizations based on completely voluntary activities have significant roles in solving these problems. Effective performance of voluntary organizations depends on increasing volunteer population. Individuals＇ attitudes or their perception of understanding volunteerism play an important role in their contributions to voluntary organizations. The aim of this study is to determine individuals＇ ways of perceiving volunteerism concept and their tendency towards it. Furthermore, differences between men and women＇s perception and attitudes towards volunteerism concept have been examined. For this purpose, a survey has been conducted over university students of bachelor＇s degree. Tendencies and attitudes towards volunteerism compared to gender differences have been tested via logistic regression method. Research results reveal that women take part in voluntary activities more than men and women perceive volunteerism as ＂a political position＂ while men perceive volunteerism as ＂a learning atmosphere and learning process＂.展开更多
The present study is an attempt to find out relation between emotional intelligence and Belief in Just World （BJW） among engineering students of Pune city. The sample consisted of 217 second year engineering student...The present study is an attempt to find out relation between emotional intelligence and Belief in Just World （BJW） among engineering students of Pune city. The sample consisted of 217 second year engineering students from various engineering colleges of Pune city. Emotional intelligence was measured with the help of one of the popular measures of emotional intelligence developed by Schutte et al. in 1998 （SE1S）. BJW was measured with the help of General Belief in a Just World scale by Dalbert et al. in 1987. Pearson＇s Product moment correlation was used to find out correlation between BJW and emotional intelligence and test was used to find out gender differences on the variables of the study. Obtained results showed a significant positive correlation between BJW and emotional intelligence. The results demonstrated sex differences in general belief in a just world and also on emotional intelligence. Implications of the study in the light of engineering course have been discussed.展开更多
文摘Background： The parent-to-child influences can be adaptive and contribute to the optimal psychological well-being and positive perception of the athlete. Contrary to the healthy parental involvement, a family can also have negative effects on an athlete development. The purpose of this study was to determine gender, father involvement, and mother involvement differences in the psychological profiles of collegiate freshmen athletes as measured by perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. Methods： Eighty-two male and 73 female collegiate freshmen responded to self-reported measures of family involvement, perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. Three separate 2 x 2 x 2 （gender x mother involvement x father involvement） factorial multivariate analysis of variance （MANOVAs） were carried out on the respective subscales from the reported measures. Results： There were significant differences for gender as well as father involvement in perfectionism （p 〈 0.01）. Freshmen females had lower concern over mistakes, and greater levels of organization as well as planfulness than males. Furthermore, freshmen athletes with high involved fathers showed greater levels of high standards for others as well as organization. Conclusion： Father involvement and mother involvement impact perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. perspective. extends through the freshmen year in college as shown in the athletes＇ Future research should develop better measures and utilize a family systems Copyright @ 2012, Shanghai University of Sport. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
文摘Based on the data got from questionnaire in which 75 college students from Heze University participated, the present study aims to explore the current situation of college students＇ autonomous listening ability, its gender difference and the correlation between autonomous listening ability and CET-4 listening achievement. The results indicate that the autonomous listening ability for college students is at the medium level with a great individual difference and there＇s a vast space to be promoted. Moreover, there＇s no significant gender difference in autonomous listening ability for college students and there＇s significant positive correlation between autonomous listening ability and CET-4 Listening achievement, especially the dimension of Application of Strategies. Thus, a conclusion can be drawn that in English listening teaching, teachers should change their teaching model and strengthen the application of network teaching; in English listening learning, English learners should promote their ability of using strategies in English listening in order to improve their autonomous learning ability.
文摘As a new affective variable in the field of L2 （Second Language） Acquisition, the study of WTC （Willingness to Communicate） has attracted widespread attention since the 1990s, which is not only an effective way to promote language learning but also an important language target itself. Based on the data got from the questionnaire, the present study intends to explore the level, gender difference, correlation with academic .performance, and influencing factors of English majors＇ WTC inside classroom using both quantitative and qualitative research method. The results reveal that English majors＇ WTC inside classroom is comparatively high; there is no significant gender difference in English majors＇ WTC inside classroom, and there is significant positive correlation between WTC inside classroom and academic achievement; furthermore, language capacity, language anxiety, and communicative atmosphere are the main influencing factors
文摘Several biometric measures were taken from 48 adult （mean age 2.78 ±1.71 years） Basset Hound dogs （24 males and 24 females） belonging to four different farms. For each animal, the following biometrical measurements were considered： withers height, chest height, chest depth, trunk length, rump length, ischium width of the rump, ear and nose length, chest and cannon circumference. Results showed that sexual dimorphism was not present; however two morphological groups of Basset Hound with some differences were found. The first group consisted of animals with high and broad chest, while the second one was more compact, with more pronounced nose and ears. Considering breed health, it would be interesting to select the subjects of the first group since showing an anatomical less susceptible to some conformational disorders typical of the breed. On the contrary, focusing our interest on the breed hunting attitude, the second group would have some characteristics more suitable for this purpose.
文摘This research investigated whether there was a significant relationship between the problems of loneliness, inferiority, and identity confusion. Also, to test whether there was a significant relationship between problems of adolescents and their ages and sexes and to ascertain whether there will be a significant difference in sex with regards to these problems, 240 adolescent students from four Senior High Schools were sampled as respondents for the study. Correlations and t-test were used for analyses by employing Statistical Package for Social Sciences （SPSS） version 16. From the results, it appeared that there were highly significant positive correlations existing between the problems. This suggests that the more an adolescent experiences a problem, the higher will he/she experience another problem. Also, it appeared that among the three problems, inferiority had a significant relationship with sex whereas all the problems had a positive significant relationship with age. This suggests that the older an adolescent is, the more severe will he/she experience a problem. Finally, girls tend to experience inferiority more than their male counterparts. This finding also suggested that although problems of adolescents may differ with regards to sex, they are not isolated and therefore multi-factorial in nature.
文摘The aim of the current study was to investigate gender differences in quality of attachment to God, forgiveness, altruism and mental health in college and seminary school students as well. To fulfil the stated goal 993 individuals were selected by means of stratified sampling procedures and the following measures were distributed among them： Muslim-Spiritual Attachment Scale, Kin Altruism, Reciprocal Altruism Enright Forgiveness Inventory, and Symptom Checklist-90 Revised. Analysis of data using t test revealed significant differences between male and female students （/9 〈 0.01）. Moreover, data indicated that interpersonal sensitivity was higher in male students while somatization complains was higher among female students. Analysis of data showed that quality of secure attachment in female students were higher than male students （P 〈 0.01）. Moreover, female students were higher in altruism, especially in domain of compassion （P 〈 0.05）. In addition female students were higher in perceiving God as a Safe Haven and providing them with comfort and tranquility. Moreover, females students were higher in altruism （p 〈 0.05）, and forgiveness （p 〈 0.01）. The analysis of data revealed that female students were higher in the secure attachment to God, sympathy toward others and they scored higher in somatization complain while male students were higher in the interpersonal sensitivity. Theoretical implication and practical application of findings have been discussed in the original paper. Findings in this project were consistent with body of research findings. Theoretical implication and practical usage of the current study was described in the original paper. Data revealed that female student were higher in secure attachment to God, altruism and forgiveness. Showing emotional stability and higher spirituality.
文摘In order to ensure the existence of the gender and age differences of middle school students＇ shame, 1258 Shanghai middle school students are surveyed with the help of the Middle school students＇ shame measurement scale with the combination of delaminating and random sampling. The results of questionnaire show that there are significant gender differences in middle school students＇ shame and the average scores of male students＇ shame are higher than those of female students. Besides, there does exist significant age differences in middle school students＇ shame, but it is not simple linear relationship between the feeling of shame and ages. The feeling of shame reaches maximum at the age of 14 and intervention should be given at this age, which young students feel sensitive most. It is suggested that collective remission of the shame should be offered to middle school students with the methods such as physical exercises, persuasion etc.
文摘From economy to political administrations, education to health, environment to human rights, many problems we met have gained a global importance in recent days. Existing state systems, political parties and nation states are not adequate for solving these problems in question effectively on their own. Not only governments and local authorities but also voluntary organizations based on completely voluntary activities have significant roles in solving these problems. Effective performance of voluntary organizations depends on increasing volunteer population. Individuals＇ attitudes or their perception of understanding volunteerism play an important role in their contributions to voluntary organizations. The aim of this study is to determine individuals＇ ways of perceiving volunteerism concept and their tendency towards it. Furthermore, differences between men and women＇s perception and attitudes towards volunteerism concept have been examined. For this purpose, a survey has been conducted over university students of bachelor＇s degree. Tendencies and attitudes towards volunteerism compared to gender differences have been tested via logistic regression method. Research results reveal that women take part in voluntary activities more than men and women perceive volunteerism as ＂a political position＂ while men perceive volunteerism as ＂a learning atmosphere and learning process＂.
文摘The present study is an attempt to find out relation between emotional intelligence and Belief in Just World （BJW） among engineering students of Pune city. The sample consisted of 217 second year engineering students from various engineering colleges of Pune city. Emotional intelligence was measured with the help of one of the popular measures of emotional intelligence developed by Schutte et al. in 1998 （SE1S）. BJW was measured with the help of General Belief in a Just World scale by Dalbert et al. in 1987. Pearson＇s Product moment correlation was used to find out correlation between BJW and emotional intelligence and test was used to find out gender differences on the variables of the study. Obtained results showed a significant positive correlation between BJW and emotional intelligence. The results demonstrated sex differences in general belief in a just world and also on emotional intelligence. Implications of the study in the light of engineering course have been discussed.
