一种基于特征点过程的遥感影像道路中心线提取算法

针对现有的道路提取算法提取速率低和完整度低等问题,提出了一种基于特征点过程的遥感影像道路中心线提取算法。根据道路区域的光谱性构建特征点过程,并利用线(表征道路段)连接特征点构成初始的网络结构;根据道路的连接性、弯曲性等特点对网络结构进行约束,同时,根据道路光谱性构建了学生-检验光谱测度约束模型;结合以上模型构建道路提取模型,并设计相关的模拟算法求解提取模型,在最大化后验概率准则下获得最优的道路中心线。以Ikonos,GeoEye-1,Gaofen-2卫星影像为实验对象验证和比较了提出算法和对比算法,利用缓冲区评价法对实验结果进行了定性和定量评价。结果表明,提出算法提取道路中心线的速率和完整度有显著提高,证明了该算法的有效性。

Methodology Validation of Microbial Limit Test of Bupi Qiangli Ointment

[Objective] This study was conducted to establish a microbial limit test method for Bupi Qiangli Ointment. [Method] The conventional method and medium dilution method were used for bacterial, mold and yeast counting in sample recovery test. [Result] The medium dilution method （1：10 test solution, 0.5 ml/plate） could effectively eliminate the inhibition effect of the Bupi Qiangli Ointment, and the recovery of Staphylococcus aureus was greater than 70% in the 3 batches of samples; and the conventional method exhibited the recoveries of E. coil, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus greater than 70% in the 3 batches of samples. [Conclusion] Due to Bupi Qiangli Ointment has strongly antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus au- reus, the medium dilution method was used for bacterial counting, and the conventional method was used for mold and yeast counting; and the conventional method was used for controlled bacterium examination of E. coll.

Urinary nucleosides as biological markers for patients with colorectal cancer

AIM: Fourteen urinary nucleosides, primary degradation products of tRNA, were evaluated to know the potential as biological markers for patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS: The concentrations of 14 kinds of urinary nucleosides from 52 patients with colorectal cancer, 10 patients with intestinal villous adenoma and 60 healthy adults were determined by column switching high performance liquid chromatography method. RESULTS: The mean levels of 12 kinds of urinary nucleosides (except uridine and guanosine) in the patients with colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with intestinal villous adenoma or the healthy adults. Using the levels of 14 kinds of urinary nucleosides as the data vectors for principal component analysis, 71% (37/52) patients with colorectal cancer were correctly classified from healthy adults, in which the identification rate was much higher than that of CEA method (29%). Only 10% (1/10) of patients with intestinal villous adenoma were indistinguishable from patients with colorectal cancer. The levels of m1G, Pseu and m1A were positively related with tumor size and Duke's stages of colorectal cancer. When monitoring the changes in urinary nucieoside concentrations of patients with colorectal cancer associated with surgery, it was found that the overall correlations with clinical assessment were 84% (27/32) and 91% (10/11) in response group and progressive group, respectively. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that urinary nucleosides determined by column switching high performance liquid chromatography method may be useful as biological markers for colorectal cancer.

Submicroscopic Plasmodial Infection May Lead to Severe Malaria in Children

Malaria is one of the leading causes of consultation in African pediatric hospitals. In Gabon, malaria transmission is perennial. Plasmodium falciparum, responsible for the most severe form of the disease, represents more than 95% of all species. In P. falciparum infection, the hyperparasitemia accounts among the main criteria of disease severity. However, in many endemic countries, a significant decrease of malaria burden accompanying with the diminution of parasite load in infected individuals has been demonstrated. The objective of the study was to analyze the occurrence of febrile syndrome in childhood and investigate whether the acute febrile illness could be associated with P. falciparum submicroscopic infection. A cross-sectional study was carried out during January to March 2013 in Franceville. A total of 203 acute febrile children were enrolled. A clinical examination and biomedical analysis including parasitological diagnosis by microscope were carried out in all the patients and PCR on microscope negative ones. Of 203 children recruited for febrile syndrome, 111 have been diagnosed positive for P. falciparum infection, 73 （35.9%） by microscope （ME） and 38 （18.71%） by PCR （submicroscopic infection = SM1） with an overall prevalence of 54.68%. Of the 11 1 P. falciparum infected individuals and according to the WHO criteria, 35 （31.53%） children showed a clinical picture of severe malaria against 76 （68.47%） others classified as uncomplicated malaria. The overall prevalence rates were therefore estimated as 17.24 （35/203） for severe cases and 37.43% （76/203） for uncomplicated ones. Clinically, these severe malaria cases （27 ME＋ and 8 PCR＋） were mainly composed of 85.71% of anaemic patients （30/35）, 71.14% of prostrated individuals （25/35） and 57.14% of children with clinical icterus （20/35）. However, only two cases of severe anaemia were observed, the remaining others cases were moderate （10） and mild anaemia （18）. More interestingly, eight submicroscopic infected patients （22.85%） were found with neurological manifestations （prostration） and all were experiencing thrombocytopenia. Lastly, 1 hyperparasitemia, 6 hypoglycemia and 2 respiratory distresses were also observed among these severe malaria cases. P. falciparum submicroscopic infection may lead to severe malaria in perennial transmission area.

An Empirical Study on Regional Differences of Higher Education Financial Aid in China

This paper uses empirical data to examine the issue of fairness of higher education student financial aid in China, noting different levels of regional economic development as the reason to explain the wide differences in available financial resources for student aid. Government efforts aimed at reducing the gap in recent years is discussed.

SUMMATION OF ABSOLUTE VALUE TEST FOR MULTIPLE OUTCOME COMPARISON WITH MODERATE EFFECT

In biomedical research,in order to evaluate the effect of a drug,investigators often need to compare the differences between one treatment group and another one by using multiple outcomes.The rank-sum tests can handle the case where the outcome differences between two groups are in the same direction.If they are not,MAX can handle it and is very useful when one/some of the differences is/are relatively larger than the others.When the individual outcome difference between two groups is moderate,a new method,summation of the absolute value of rank-based test for each outcome,is proposed in this work.Power comparison with the existing methods based on simulation studies and a real example show that the proposed test is a robust test,and works well when the difference for each outcome is moderate.The authors also derive some theoretical results for comparing the power between MAX and the the proposed method.

A Review on Genetically Modified Plants Designed to Phytoremediate Polluted Soils： Biochemical Responses and International Regulation

In recent years,there has been an increasing interest in finding sustainable strategies for the efficient removal of contaminants from soils.The objective of this review is to examine the biochemical principles of specific genetic modifications in plants,their applications in the field for specific contaminants as phytotechnologies,and their international regulation.In addition,the review presents some biological aspects of rhizosphere-related phenomena,the interactions of organic and inorganic pollutants with plants,and the performance of the phytotechnologies across the continents.During the last few decades,at least eight genera of genetically modified plants(GMPs)have been tested and used for soil remediation with outstanding results.Arabidopsis,Nicotiana,and Oryza are the plant genera most widely studied.Specific plant genes such as metal transporters,chelators,metallothioneins,phytochelatins,and oxygenases have been transferred to plants to improve the elimination of contaminants in soil.We discuss some important aspects of gene manipulation and its application for removal of diverse contaminants.A key challenge faced by phytotechnologies is the final disposal of the generated biomass,from a safety aspect.We argue that the commercial success of phytotechnologies depends on the generation of valuable biomass on contaminated land and its use for bioenergy generation.The use of such technologies would promote a broader understanding of the importance of plants,especially GMPs,in the environment and their contribution to environmental sustainability.