Objective: To investigate the correlations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive tumor angiogenesis and the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogeni...Objective: To investigate the correlations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive tumor angiogenesis and the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Methods: 30 patients with VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (diameter ≤ 4 cm) underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/sec by using an autoinjector) serial CT. The quantifiable parameters (Perfusion, peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and mean transit time) of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma were compared with microvessel densities (MVDs) and VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: Peak height of VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma was 36.06 HU ± 13.57 HU, bronchogenic adenocarcinoma-to-aorta ratio 14.25% ± 4.92, and perfusion value 29.66 ± 5.60 mL/min/100 g , mean transit time 14.86 s ± 5.84 s, and MVD 70.15 ± 20.03. Each of peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and perfusion correlated positively with MVD (r = 0.781, P < 0.0001; r = 0.688, P < 0.0001; r = 0.716, P < 0.0001; respectively). No significant correlation was found between mean transit time and MVD (r = 0.260, P = 0.200 > 0.05). Conclusion: Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta reflect MVD in VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta derived with dynamic CT might be index for VEGF-related tumor angiogenesis in bronchogenic adenocarcinoma.展开更多
Fault is a complex dynamic system controlled by the coupling of rock texture, reaction, fluid flow,stress, and rock deformation mechanism. A coupled reaction-transport- mechanical dynamic model for fault system is est...Fault is a complex dynamic system controlled by the coupling of rock texture, reaction, fluid flow,stress, and rock deformation mechanism. A coupled reaction-transport- mechanical dynamic model for fault system is established and described in this paper. An example is presented for the Shuikoushan deposit, Hunan. The results of dynamic simulation indicate that the evolution and magnitude of fracture permeability of different rocks are different, and that faulting can enhance the spatial heterogeneity of rock permeability and facilitate fluid flow and mineralization in local fault zone. The pressure for a fault usually shows a variation mode of aperiodic oscillation with time, which reflects the chaotic behavior of the evolution of a fault.展开更多
The effect of transverse correlation between spins on the thermodynamic properties of ferromagnetic systems is investigated in details. Qualitatively, at finite temperature the transverse correlation reflects the shor...The effect of transverse correlation between spins on the thermodynamic properties of ferromagnetic systems is investigated in details. Qualitatively, at finite temperature the transverse correlation reflects the short-range interaction between spins, so that lowers the internal energy and consequently raises the free energy. It also means the introduction o[ some ordering, and hence lowers the entropy. It is depressed by the field which forces the spins to turn to the field direction, so that it decreases with the field when temperature is fixed. The low-temperature expansion of the energy shows that the inclusion of the transverse correlation at least partly considers the interaction between spin waves.展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the correlations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive tumor angiogenesis and the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Methods: 30 patients with VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (diameter ≤ 4 cm) underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/sec by using an autoinjector) serial CT. The quantifiable parameters (Perfusion, peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and mean transit time) of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma were compared with microvessel densities (MVDs) and VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: Peak height of VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma was 36.06 HU ± 13.57 HU, bronchogenic adenocarcinoma-to-aorta ratio 14.25% ± 4.92, and perfusion value 29.66 ± 5.60 mL/min/100 g , mean transit time 14.86 s ± 5.84 s, and MVD 70.15 ± 20.03. Each of peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and perfusion correlated positively with MVD (r = 0.781, P < 0.0001; r = 0.688, P < 0.0001; r = 0.716, P < 0.0001; respectively). No significant correlation was found between mean transit time and MVD (r = 0.260, P = 0.200 > 0.05). Conclusion: Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta reflect MVD in VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta derived with dynamic CT might be index for VEGF-related tumor angiogenesis in bronchogenic adenocarcinoma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Gramt No.70171057 and No.49702024)a Key Project of the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the Chinese Academof Sciences(Grant No.KZ952-S1-402).
文摘Fault is a complex dynamic system controlled by the coupling of rock texture, reaction, fluid flow,stress, and rock deformation mechanism. A coupled reaction-transport- mechanical dynamic model for fault system is established and described in this paper. An example is presented for the Shuikoushan deposit, Hunan. The results of dynamic simulation indicate that the evolution and magnitude of fracture permeability of different rocks are different, and that faulting can enhance the spatial heterogeneity of rock permeability and facilitate fluid flow and mineralization in local fault zone. The pressure for a fault usually shows a variation mode of aperiodic oscillation with time, which reflects the chaotic behavior of the evolution of a fault.
基金Supported by the National 973 Project 2012 CB927402the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos.11074145 and 61275028
文摘The effect of transverse correlation between spins on the thermodynamic properties of ferromagnetic systems is investigated in details. Qualitatively, at finite temperature the transverse correlation reflects the short-range interaction between spins, so that lowers the internal energy and consequently raises the free energy. It also means the introduction o[ some ordering, and hence lowers the entropy. It is depressed by the field which forces the spins to turn to the field direction, so that it decreases with the field when temperature is fixed. The low-temperature expansion of the energy shows that the inclusion of the transverse correlation at least partly considers the interaction between spin waves.
