比较思想政治教育研究的学科理性、本质定位及系统建设

加强比较思想政治教育研究既是思想政治教育学科创新发展、推动学科优秀成果和人才走向世界的客观需要,也是优化学科发展基础,实现学科基础研究从"三重结构"到"四维驱动"的理性选择。目前需深化对比较思想政治教育研究的本质认识,揭示其内在规律及价值指向,着力强化比较思想政治教育研究的基础理论建设、学术资源开发、发展平台建设和学科队伍建设。

语文教学改革亟须加强学科理性建设

在肯定近几十年语文教学改革总体方向正确、成就巨大的同时,对其进行反思和审视,会发现存在着大幅摇摆、前后割断、两端脱节、概念繁乱、价值虚拟、缺少逻辑等值得关注的问题。只有加强学科理性建设,才能促使语文教学改革更健康地发展。所谓学科理性,一是指改革理性,目标确立要坚守初心;二是指实践理性,改革定位要立足实际;三是指哲学理性,追求创新必须尊重历史;四是指民族理性,引进理念必须为我所用;五是指科学理性,改革须回归汉语教学的本体。

二战后美国“学科-知识理性”教师教育思想研究

理性和价值取向是思想研究的切入点,二者结合的视角方可洞察思想本质。二战后美国"学科-知识理性"的教师教育思想经历了从20世纪50-70年代回归学科知识的学术本真到20世纪80年代后解制主义的发展。

学科治理能力现代化:“双一流”建设的逻辑旨归

学科治理作为维系学术共同体开展学术交往共生对话的互动规制方式,凝聚的是承认、共赏的合作型权力的善态能量。学科治理能力现代化是全面推进"双一流"建设的逻辑旨归,主要包括学科治理主体的多元互动性,学科治理制度的跨界创新性,学科治理组织的自治契约性以及学科治理文化的包容生态性等要素。然而,现实学术场域中出现的权力交织、关系错位以及过度规划现象,导致学科治理面临学科规划的权力渗透与运动式治理交互作用,学科治理组织的单边利益追逐与"闭门造车"作祟以及学科治理生态文化的资本化与功利化取向交错共生等困境。学科治理能力作为推进一流大学与一流学科建设的重要指标,实现现代化之路需要形塑学科治理的权力结构,培育学科治理的交往情感,营造学科治理承认、批判与共生的文化生态氛围。

The ＂Metaphysical Physician＂ in Victorian Fiction： The Moonstone and A Romance of Two Worlds

The Victorian period experienced, among many other paradoxes, an ongoing tension between science and spirituality. Bearing the legacy of the ＂Enlightenment Rationalism＂ and the Cartesian division between ＂matter＂ and ＂mind＂ since the eighteenth century, the Victorian minds had to deal with a contemporary world rapidly unfolding new discoveries in geology, astronomy, biology, and medical sciences. However, these could not completely erase the spiritual belief from the human mind. Rather they sought to reshape their codes in terms of ＂alternative sciences＂ like occultism and metaphysical psychiatry （pre-Freudian）. This paper seeks to explore the characterisation of the ＂metaphysical＂ physician in two novels by Wilkie Collins and Marie Corelli, showing how these figures play a crucial role in negotiating the tensions between science and spiritualism.

Urban Green Space, Uneven Development and Accessibility: A Case of Dalian′s Xigang District

This study examines the socio-spatial context of uneven development and the residential accessibility of green space in Dalian of Liaoning Province, China. The social fairness was analyzed with a community scale as the basis. We combined social scientific methods with a GIS method using a behavior accessibility model from the perspectives of fairness of urban green space allocation based on social geography, geographic information science, management science and many other related discipline theories. The results show that: 1) Most of the urban green space distribution presents an unbalanced phenomenon, and it does not match with the population distribution; 2) We found some differences in the accessibility of the population with different attributes and opportunities to use and enjoy the urban green spaces, mainly due to: the dual social and spatial attributes of the residents and the serious stratum differentiation generated were the internal causes; the residential space differentiation and the pursuit of economic and real estate development were the direct causes; and unreasonable planning, in regard to the fact that government policies did not give consideration to efficiency and fairness, was also an important factor.

Kant, Fichte, and the Act of the I

Fichte＇s various articulations of the Wissenschaftslehre （＂theory of scientific knowledge＂） are self-conscious attempts to systematize Kant＇s critical philosophy. Fichte＇s notion of the pure I （ieh） serves as the theoretical starting-point for his exposition of transcendental idealism, and in many ways this concept is analogous to Kant＇s notion of the transcendental unity of apperception explained in the Critique of Pure Reason. This paper argues that although Fichte and Kant agree on （1） the active nature of the pure I, （2） the distinction between pure and empirical apperception, and （3） skepticism concerning the possibility of theoretical knowledge of any positive （i.e., noumenal） content of the pure I, their respective notions of pure apperception differ in that Kant affirms the conceptual priority of the pure I to its objects while Fichte denies the same. Fichte＇s departure from Kant on this point foreshadows many later recognition theories of consciousness, e.g., those of Hegel and Marx.

Discussion about the Bachelor Thesis of Japanese Major in University

Currently, Bachelor thesis of Japanese major＇s main problems is related to the topics of the irrational, writing both impetuous attitude, which led to poor quality of the article, is worrying. There are many causes of the problem, and you can relax from the writing language requirements, the timing of mentor, and guiding additional academic writing courses in a bid to solve them.

Irrationality in Scientific Development？

The paper discusses several wide-spread misunderstandings of Kuhn＇s theory of scientific development, most prominently the ascription that he conceives of scientific development as irrational. The core of this ascription is an assessment of incommensurability as implying the lack of any rational possibility of theory comparison. This is supposed to be due to Gestalt switches and a quasi-religious element of conversion in theory change. Accordingly, scientific revolutions cannot be a serious matter for philosophical analysis; they furthermore foreclose any scientific progress. It is shown that such images of Kuhn＇s theory rest on deep misunderstandings that are partly due to Kuhn＇s writing style.

Synergetics as a Positivistic ＂Trick＂ for Philosophy

This paper substantiates the idea that particular science reflects only a certain angle of a complex model of the world. Guidance as to ＂adding＂ particular science data in order to achieve a holistic picture of the world is a philosophical outlook. The meaning of each relatively closed system is revealed only in the context of a more capacious system. According to the author, as the material world itself, its epistemic models as well are built according to the principle of ＂matryoshka dolls.＂ The rational and irrational are discussed in the paper as equal moments of scientific knowledge. Contrary to the importance given to randomness in synergy, the author considers if it is possible to find out the causes of all events. In order to do this, other viewpoints and structure levels should be considered. There is a hidden order in every chaos, and that is revealed only in a certain situation. The main issue is taking into account the counter action of the system with the environment.

数学课堂巧施策,思维能力稳提升

数学是思维的体操,初中数学教学过程中,我们应该把培养学生的思维能力作为教学的终极目标,引导学生通过对事物进行观察、比较、判断、推理,逐步培养他们的分析、综合、抽象、概括的各种思维能力。因此,对于初中学生思维能力的培养,对学生的现在或将来的发展具有重要的意义,本文就将从数学教学过程中,如何培养学生的思维能力这个角度,来展开具体的论述。

Introducing Sustainability Concepts Into University Curricula Through Systems Thinking

The aim of this paper is to explore the major issues involved in introducing sustainability concepts into university curricula in an interdisciplinary manner, through Systems Thinking. It is generally accepted that a holistic approach is essential in sustainability studies, but teaching such a new and complex topic to a diverse student population is by no means easy. In this study, sustainability is viewed in the context of Systems Thinking, particularly in Complexity Management domain. A general framework is proposed with the intension of guiding potential instructors who are planning to teach sustainability through Systems Thinking. The framework includes only the suggested systems-oriented material and a review of some system methodologies; it does not cover sustainability issues. Methodologies known as System Dynamics and Soft Cybernetics are explored and emphasized particularly in the paper due to their importance. The framework is kept general enough so that it appeals to students and instructors with a variety of background.

Rationality of escalating commitment in information systems project management： An inter-disciplinary perspective

Escalation of commitment has been linked to losses in information systems （IS） projects. Understanding the nature and the rationality of escalation allows the firm to promote optimal project management practices. This study takes an inter-disciplinary approach and draws on research from economics and management to create a model of irrational escalation and a model of rational escalation. The forces that contribute to irrational escalation include the responsibility of the same manager for both the project selection and project continuation decisions that create proneness to self-justification, the potential for negative framing of decision options due to large sunk costs, the proximity of project completion and the presence of organizational inertia. Identifying these irrational escalation factors helps design appropriate de-escalation techniques. The rational escalation model draws on the real option theory and the bandit process theory to identify conditions when project continuation is justified by the value of information and the value of flexibility that the firm receives from continuing the project.

Experience, Culture, Science, and Reasoned Knowledge Produce the Philosophy of Natural Foresight, with Professor Paul Ricoeur＇s Generous Heritage

Presentation of ＂development of methods of foresight＂ while presenting texts of examples and concrete results： （1） Christianity （appropriately） will not now disappear overnight since it has been around for more than 2017 years! Its built-up ＂Ways＂ are precedents and subsequents to Western models of existence, chosen, among multiple alternatives, by predecessors whose influence, is shared, today and tomorrow! （2） Use of sustained faith and search for peace for continuous steady and slow evolution （in spite of difficulties） toward the inevitable future--initial belief in Christianity presenting the least worst of existing conditions for human freedom and movement. （3） Let the unwilling remain in the last wagon of the moving train from where they will （without a doubt） regret not moving onwards, but yet happily benefit from progress （such are ＂trust-busters,＂ leaving the initiatives to the ＂clearsighted＂ actors of progress）. Note that Time moves on nonetheless. （4） Use of the past （genealogy, track record, and estimation of dates of future evolutions） for its recorded evolutions in time as ＂launching parameters＂ （ex. curves...） and for projected advancements in open-ended time, using of historical proofs with world-wide testimony, witness and belie! This would help not only in ＂down-to-earth＂ reasoning but also in ＂above and beyond＂ anticipation, further down Time＇s road! Use date and timing references of the past--further historical example and proofs to be extended to the society＇s extension in the Western World and as a founding basis from which extension throughout the World could be justified （ex. starting with Europe, and without unique or limiting dogmatism）. （5） Use of cordiality and diplomacy to ease difficulties of understanding, in spite of hesitation to proceed--＂humiliations＂ of conditions （if necessary）--as the leading ＂team＂ has an agreed objective, and these ＂volonteer followers,＂ so they would be, are trapped strangled by their own leashes. （6） Opening one＇s generous arms （even if politically motivated） to fraternal and willing brethren, for endulging welcoming attitudes toward the others. This would prepare the road for others in their own progress （toward their progressive） destiny. （7） Open-up multi-culturalism as opposed to the quest for mono-cultural sovereignty! Europe would then evermore be consolidated! （8） Indeed nothing looks like an individual more than another individual! Especially, in need! And it is in needs that appears the essence of humankind!

The Parable of the Chicken House： Charles S. Peirce, Complex/Dynamic Systems, and Environmental Science

This paper describes how scientist-philosopher Charles S. Peirce （1839-1914） develops theories that lead eventually to contemporary complex/dynamic systems. In both Peirce and complexity theory, possible bridges appear between analogical/reductionist representations and metaphorical/creative symbols. In complex/dynamic terms, Peirce＇s scientific theories become a conceptual egg that hatches a century later in complex systems, which is relevant in turn to environmental science and engineering.

The SPSS-Based Analysis of an English Mid-term Test ——Take Grade Eight Students for Example

Based on some language testing theories, an analysis of an English Mid-term Examination of grade eight students of Jingzhi Middle School is made in this paper. By means of SPSS （Statistical Package for the Social Sciences） statistical software, the paper makes a whole analysis of the test paper, which covers descriptive statistics, reliability, and validity. The study aims to find some problems of the test paper, teachers＇ teaching, and students＇ learning. Thus, based on the results of analysis, this paper aims to improve the quality of test papers and give some advice to language teaching

Thought Provokers, Insurgent Before Emergency --Technological Art as Awareness-Raising Agent of the Emancipated Spectator

This paper analyzes the impact of technological art as an agent for raising awareness in artwork spectators of ecological-environmental issues. It addresses the evolution in the conception of the artistic fact related to science, and attempts to define the spectator＇s new role. The present document will look into the science, an and technology triad as a means to communicate issues our planet is facing through scientific dissemination focusing on the bio-art avenue for collaboration. Finally, we will outline our concept of an as a revolutionary and thoughtful form poured through our works as artistic collective expressions.

Explore the intrinsic link between the ideological and political education and the mental health education

College students＇ ideological and political education and psychological health education have established contact and differences. In the actual work, Mental Health Education must play a role in Ideological and Political Education in promoting the combination of both, to improve science, effectiveness, pertinence of college students ＇ ideological and political education.

Complexity Decision Making and General Systems Theory： An Educational Perspective

The aim of this paper is to look at some important educational aspects of complexity decision making m a mummsc^pnnary manner from the perspective of General Systems Theory （GST）. First, the major issues involved in complexity management and decision making are summarized as they are viewed in literature, and a review of GST and Systems Thinking is given. The discussion in the paper is developed within the context of GST in general, but concentrated on decision making in the three trends of GST： Operations Research, Cybernetics, and Managerial Cybernetics. Here, the role of Cybernetics in complexity decision making is particularly emphasized. The discussion is then extended to the latest developments in complexity decision making in Science of Complexity and Soft Systems Thinking. The study also includes a framework which is expected to guide instructors who are planning to offer contemporary courses on decision making. The framework provides some clues for assessing the level of complexity for a given situation and selecting the appropriate methodology for solution development.