学科教学知识(PCK)的结构特征及发展路径分析——基于小学数学教师的案例研究

基于舒尔曼(Shulman)对PCK的阐释和帕克(Park)的PCK五边形结构,建立理解PCK结构的描述框架,绘制四名小学数学教师的PCK要素关系结构图(PCK-So EM)。总体上,PCK的结构特征表现为整合型和缺失型两种,前者又分为机械整合型和自主整合型,后者分为松散缺失型和低效缺失型,深入分析教师PCK类型及成因,探索教师PCK的本质结构。基于研究,可以通过树立科学的教学信念和教学定位、深入了解学生、强化学科知识结构和表征方式、充分思考和整合PCK相关知识来发展教师PCK。

Scientific Land Reform in Nepal： Question of Equity and Efficiency

Scientific Land Reform is at centre of decades＇ conflict and even during Peace Process in Nepal. In this regards, land reform attempts to address equity and efficiency so as to address historical inequity and injustices for promoting peace process in Nepal. From equity perspective, landlessness, unequal power structure and social relation, injustices and discrimination for long centuries are key land issues. Along with this, economic efficiency is the fundamental for enhancing agricultural growth leading to economic growth. In particular, this article argues that, in the given prevailing condition, i.e. traditional and subsistence and rampant rural poverty and unequal power structure and injustices, small farms perform better leading to food and livelihood security at household level. Consequently, ＇Scientific Land Reform＇ has been defined by taking into account the essence of equity and efficiency.

从戏曲与曲艺学科设置看中国特色教育学科体系的精准定位与创新发展

随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,大力推进中国特色教育学科体系建设成为我国建设高等教育强国的重要途径。2021年末,国务院学位委员会发布的《博士、硕士学位授予和人才培养学科专业目录(征求意见稿)》对艺术学进行调整,并新增戏曲与曲艺学科。文章指出,应通过对学科结构关系进行精准定位与最大平衡,来谋求中国特色教育学科体系的创新与发展,展现中华优秀传统文化振兴的责任与担当,通过人才培养来有效解决以戏曲、曲艺等为代表的中华文化艺术在当前所面临的瓶颈与制约,为进一步培养艺术高等人才、构建中国特色教育学科体系、坚定文化自信,以及加快我国教育强国建设做出积极的探索与实践。