Leptin is the protein product encoded by the obese (ob)gene. It is a circulating hormone produced primarily by the adipose tissue. ob/ob mice with mutations of the gene encoding leptin become morbidly obese, infertile...Leptin is the protein product encoded by the obese (ob)gene. It is a circulating hormone produced primarily by the adipose tissue. ob/ob mice with mutations of the gene encoding leptin become morbidly obese, infertile, hyperphagic, hypothermic,and diabetic. Since the cloning of leptin in 1994, our knowledge in body weight regulation and the role played by leptin has increased substantially. We now know that leptin signals through its receptor, OB-R, which is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Leptin serves as an adiposity signal to inform the brain the adipose tissue mass in a negative feedback loop regulating food intake and energy expenditure. Leptin also plays important roles in angiogenesis, immune function, fertility and bone formation. Humans with mutations in the gene encoding leptin are also morbidly obese and respond to leptin treatment,demonstrating that enhancing or inhibiting leptin’s activities in vivo may have potential therapeutic benefits.展开更多
Depression is one of the most common illnesses affecting college students today. It is often related to low motivation. It can affect the ability to function, think, and feel. In learning process, learners are strongl...Depression is one of the most common illnesses affecting college students today. It is often related to low motivation. It can affect the ability to function, think, and feel. In learning process, learners are strongly affected by motivation. However, there is a group of students that is worthy of being noticed, and it seems that they have no motivation and lose interest in their study and other activities. According to a case study of Mr. WANG, the symptom of his depression was described, and the paper employing motivation theory aims at analyzing the depression severity and what causes depression, in order to uncover the students＇ inner problems and tries to find proper ways to motivate them and help them overcome the feeling of depression. Besides, the paper offers other options for solving the problem, such as speaking with a friend, partner, minister, professional counselor, or psychiatrist to canvass a different perspective展开更多
Membrane proteins are involved in various critical biological processes,and studying membrane proteins represents a major challenge in protein biochemistry.As shown by both structural and functional studies,the membra...Membrane proteins are involved in various critical biological processes,and studying membrane proteins represents a major challenge in protein biochemistry.As shown by both structural and functional studies,the membrane environment plays an essential role for membrane proteins.In vitro studies are reliant on the successful reconstitution of membrane proteins.This review describes the interaction between detergents and lipids that aids the understanding of the reconstitution processes.Then the techniques of detergent removal and a few useful techniques to refine the formed proteoliposomes are reviewed.Finally the applications of reconstitution techniques to study membrane proteins involved in Ca2+ signaling are summarized.展开更多
Recent studies show that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, dosage-compensation, imprinting, and epigenetic regulation...Recent studies show that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, dosage-compensation, imprinting, and epigenetic regulation. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs is involved in many complex human diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarized recent progress on lncRNAs detection methodology with emphasis on their functions and potential implication in cancer diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
文摘Leptin is the protein product encoded by the obese (ob)gene. It is a circulating hormone produced primarily by the adipose tissue. ob/ob mice with mutations of the gene encoding leptin become morbidly obese, infertile, hyperphagic, hypothermic,and diabetic. Since the cloning of leptin in 1994, our knowledge in body weight regulation and the role played by leptin has increased substantially. We now know that leptin signals through its receptor, OB-R, which is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Leptin serves as an adiposity signal to inform the brain the adipose tissue mass in a negative feedback loop regulating food intake and energy expenditure. Leptin also plays important roles in angiogenesis, immune function, fertility and bone formation. Humans with mutations in the gene encoding leptin are also morbidly obese and respond to leptin treatment,demonstrating that enhancing or inhibiting leptin’s activities in vivo may have potential therapeutic benefits.
文摘Depression is one of the most common illnesses affecting college students today. It is often related to low motivation. It can affect the ability to function, think, and feel. In learning process, learners are strongly affected by motivation. However, there is a group of students that is worthy of being noticed, and it seems that they have no motivation and lose interest in their study and other activities. According to a case study of Mr. WANG, the symptom of his depression was described, and the paper employing motivation theory aims at analyzing the depression severity and what causes depression, in order to uncover the students＇ inner problems and tries to find proper ways to motivate them and help them overcome the feeling of depression. Besides, the paper offers other options for solving the problem, such as speaking with a friend, partner, minister, professional counselor, or psychiatrist to canvass a different perspective
基金supported by US National Institutes of Health(R01GM096458)to Wang LiGuo
文摘Membrane proteins are involved in various critical biological processes,and studying membrane proteins represents a major challenge in protein biochemistry.As shown by both structural and functional studies,the membrane environment plays an essential role for membrane proteins.In vitro studies are reliant on the successful reconstitution of membrane proteins.This review describes the interaction between detergents and lipids that aids the understanding of the reconstitution processes.Then the techniques of detergent removal and a few useful techniques to refine the formed proteoliposomes are reviewed.Finally the applications of reconstitution techniques to study membrane proteins involved in Ca2+ signaling are summarized.
基金the Longhua Medical Project of State Clinical Research Center of TCM in Longhua Hospital(Nos.LYTD-21 and JDZX2012123)the National Basic Research Program(973) of China(No.2013CB967402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91019004 and 91229123)
文摘Recent studies show that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, dosage-compensation, imprinting, and epigenetic regulation. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs is involved in many complex human diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarized recent progress on lncRNAs detection methodology with emphasis on their functions and potential implication in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
