Theoretically, infrastructure construction helps remove domestic market segregation and thus create a modern market system. Based on the theory of new economy geography, this paper investigates the relationship betwee...Theoretically, infrastructure construction helps remove domestic market segregation and thus create a modern market system. Based on the theory of new economy geography, this paper investigates the relationship between infrastructure construction and market segregation using the Spatial Panel Dubin Model(SPDM) based on China's interprovincial panel data of 1993-2012. As shown by empirical result, the beggar-thyneighbor problem existed persistently within China, infrastructure construction helped remove market segregation and should be enhanced, infrastructure construction had heterogeneous spatial spillover effects across periods, and market segregation behaviors were heterogeneous across regions or localities. China should enhance infrastructure to narrow regional gaps and step up cooperation among investors across regions to reduce the adverse impact of geographical boundary, and create modern service-based local governments, allowing the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To identify and separate the ventral root from dorsal root, which is the key for success of the artificial somatic-autonomic reflex pathway procedure for neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury (SCI). H...OBJECTIVE: To identify and separate the ventral root from dorsal root, which is the key for success of the artificial somatic-autonomic reflex pathway procedure for neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury (SCI). Here we report the results of intra-operating room monitoring with 10 paralyzed patients. METHODS: Ten male volunteers with complete suprasacral SCI underwent the artificial somatic-autonomic procedure under general anesthesia. Vastus medialis, tibialis anticus and gastrocnemius medialis of the left lower limb were monitored for electromyogram (EMG) activities resulted from L4, L5, and S1 stimulation respectively to differentiate the ventral root from dorsal root. A Laborie Urodynamics system was connected with a three channel urodynamic catheter inserted into the bladder. The L2 and L3 roots were stimulated separately while the intravesical pressure was monitored to evaluate the function of each root. RESULTS: The thresholds of stimulation on ventral root were 0.02 ms duration, 0.2-0.4 mA, (mean 0.3 mA+/-0.07 mA), compared with 0.2-0.4 ms duration, 1.5-3 mA (mean 2.3 mA+/-0.5 mA) for dorsal root (P展开更多
It is known that the Boltzmann equation has close relation to the classical systems in fluid dynamics. However, it provides more information on the microscopic level so that some phenomena, like the thermal creep flow...It is known that the Boltzmann equation has close relation to the classical systems in fluid dynamics. However, it provides more information on the microscopic level so that some phenomena, like the thermal creep flow, can not be modeled by the classical systems of fluid dynamics, such as the Euler equations. The author gives an example to show this phenomenon rigorously in a special setting. This paper is completely based on the author's recent work, jointly with Wang and Yang.展开更多
基金supported by the Emergency Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71541022)the Youth Foundation Program of Humanities and Social Science Research of the Ministry of Education(15YJC790134)
文摘Theoretically, infrastructure construction helps remove domestic market segregation and thus create a modern market system. Based on the theory of new economy geography, this paper investigates the relationship between infrastructure construction and market segregation using the Spatial Panel Dubin Model(SPDM) based on China's interprovincial panel data of 1993-2012. As shown by empirical result, the beggar-thyneighbor problem existed persistently within China, infrastructure construction helped remove market segregation and should be enhanced, infrastructure construction had heterogeneous spatial spillover effects across periods, and market segregation behaviors were heterogeneous across regions or localities. China should enhance infrastructure to narrow regional gaps and step up cooperation among investors across regions to reduce the adverse impact of geographical boundary, and create modern service-based local governments, allowing the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To identify and separate the ventral root from dorsal root, which is the key for success of the artificial somatic-autonomic reflex pathway procedure for neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury (SCI). Here we report the results of intra-operating room monitoring with 10 paralyzed patients. METHODS: Ten male volunteers with complete suprasacral SCI underwent the artificial somatic-autonomic procedure under general anesthesia. Vastus medialis, tibialis anticus and gastrocnemius medialis of the left lower limb were monitored for electromyogram (EMG) activities resulted from L4, L5, and S1 stimulation respectively to differentiate the ventral root from dorsal root. A Laborie Urodynamics system was connected with a three channel urodynamic catheter inserted into the bladder. The L2 and L3 roots were stimulated separately while the intravesical pressure was monitored to evaluate the function of each root. RESULTS: The thresholds of stimulation on ventral root were 0.02 ms duration, 0.2-0.4 mA, (mean 0.3 mA+/-0.07 mA), compared with 0.2-0.4 ms duration, 1.5-3 mA (mean 2.3 mA+/-0.5 mA) for dorsal root (P
文摘It is known that the Boltzmann equation has close relation to the classical systems in fluid dynamics. However, it provides more information on the microscopic level so that some phenomena, like the thermal creep flow, can not be modeled by the classical systems of fluid dynamics, such as the Euler equations. The author gives an example to show this phenomenon rigorously in a special setting. This paper is completely based on the author's recent work, jointly with Wang and Yang.
