The November 1948 open session of the Institute of Geological Sciences AS USSR was previously unknown,in contrast to the August 1948 session of VASKhNIL.The publication of the transcript of the session of geologists i...The November 1948 open session of the Institute of Geological Sciences AS USSR was previously unknown,in contrast to the August 1948 session of VASKhNIL.The publication of the transcript of the session of geologists is based on the original verified transcript from the Geological Institute and the Archive RAS.It presented reports on the main scientific directions of geology:stratigraphy,the Quaternary geology,lithology,geotectonics,petrography and petrology,mineralogy and geochemistry,and the geology of ore and coal deposits.This thick book details all the Q&A sessions,discussions of theories,methods,and practice among the leading Soviet geoscientists.The session and its resolution describe the situation and development of geology in the USSR in the mid-twentieth century as well as the collateral impact of the Lysenko affair on the earth sciences in the USSR.展开更多
To study the chemical constituents of Sappan Lignum. Chemical constituents were isolated by method of solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. The structures were elucidate...To study the chemical constituents of Sappan Lignum. Chemical constituents were isolated by method of solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. The structures were elucidated based on spectro- scopic data. Fourteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as brazilin （1）, sappanone B （2）, （E）-3-（3,4- dihydroxybenzylidene）-7-hydroxychroman-4-one （3）, 3-deoxysappanone B （4）, brazilide A （5）, euxanthone （6）, quercetin （7）, rhamnetin （8）, sappanchalcone （9）, 3-deoxysappanchalcone （10）, butein （11）, 2,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde （12）, 3,8,9-trihydroxy- 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one （13） and 13-sitosterol （14）. Compounds 12 and 13 were two new natural compounds, and the ^13C NMR data of compound 13 were reported for the first time. Compound 6 was the first xanthone isolated from the genus Caesalpinia.展开更多
[Objective] The research was aimed to study the main chemical composi- tions of rice straw in the three different areas of Jiangsu Province. [Method] The cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and crude ash of rice straw co...[Objective] The research was aimed to study the main chemical composi- tions of rice straw in the three different areas of Jiangsu Province. [Method] The cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and crude ash of rice straw collected in Huaian, Changzhou and Zhenjiang of Jiangsu Province during 2011-2013 were determined. [Result] The change trends of cellulose and hemicellulose in three arrears in differ- ent years were consistent. The cellulose content increased after falling, and hemi- cellulose content presented declining tendency. The lignin content of rice straw fist rose then declined in Huaian and Changzhou in different years, while it presented the declining tendency in Zhenjiang. The ash content of rice straw changed little and was all less than 65% in the three areas in different years. And the chemical composition of rice straw changed significantly in different years. [Conclusion] The research could provide basis for high added-value use of crop straw.展开更多
[ Objective ] The aim of the study was to explore the resistance development of deltamethrin through selection of dettamethrin resistant strain of wild silkworm （ Bombyx Mandarina）, thus providing the basis for scie...[ Objective ] The aim of the study was to explore the resistance development of deltamethrin through selection of dettamethrin resistant strain of wild silkworm （ Bombyx Mandarina）, thus providing the basis for scientific pesticide application and resistance management. [ Method] The wild silkworms collected from three different regions were reared indoors, and the sensitivity of their parents to deltamethrin was detected by topical application. The larvae in each generation were treated with deltamethdn in median lethal dose or so by.topical application. The mortality of larva was analyzed for the establishment of toxicity regression equations and the calculation of the multiple or increased multiple of deltamethdn resistance.[Result] After the Qidong Bornbyx Mandarina （YQD） fed with mulberry leaves were selected for three generations indoors, the multiple of deltamethdn resistance of F, was 14.26, 1.2 times as great as that of Fo ; after the Bombyx Mandarina from mulberry garden of Soochow University （YSD） fed with mulberry leaves were selected for three generations indoors, the multiple of deltamethrin resistance of F4 was 16.48, 1.9 times as great as that of Fo ; after the Wujiang Bombyx Mandarina （YWJ） fed with artificial diets were selected for three generations indoors during six generations, the multiple of deltamethrin resistance of Fe was 18.67, 1.2 times as great as that of Fo. [ Conclusioa] With the selection in same dose, the resistance multiple of YSD increases more rapidly than that of YQD; under double selection of artificial diets and insecticide, the resistance multiple of YWJ increases more slowly than that of YQD.展开更多
Confucianism （especially its teaching theory） is the core of Chinese traditional culture with Confucius as its representative. It has played an indispensable role in the development of Chinese culture. It is the spi...Confucianism （especially its teaching theory） is the core of Chinese traditional culture with Confucius as its representative. It has played an indispensable role in the development of Chinese culture. It is the spiritual pillar of Chinese sustainable development. There are no others that can compare with its teaching method and art. The famous ＂heuristic teaching theory＂ is one of its greatest inventions. But many people think that it is Socrates invention. In fact, Socrates ＂elicitation teaching theory＂ was invented far later than that of Confucius. This paper aims at investigating of these two theories.展开更多
Based on the theory of emergy analysis,a modified model of ecological footprint accounting,termed emergetic ecological footprint(EMEF)in contrast to the conventional ecological footprint(EF)model,is formulated and app...Based on the theory of emergy analysis,a modified model of ecological footprint accounting,termed emergetic ecological footprint(EMEF)in contrast to the conventional ecological footprint(EF)model,is formulated and applied to a case study of Jiangsu cropland,China.Comparisons between the EF and the EMEF with respect to grain,cotton,and food oil were outlined.Per capita EF and EMEF of cropland were also presented to depict the resources consumption level by comparing the biocapacity(BC)or emergetic biocapacity(EMBC,a new BC calculation by emergy analysis) of the same area.In the meanwhile,the ecological sustainability index(ESI),a new concept initiated by the authors, was established in the modified model to indicate and compare the sustainability of cropland use at different levels and between different regions.The results from conventional EF showed that per capita EF of the cropland has exceeded its per capita BC in Jiangsu since 1986.In contrast,based on the EMBC,the per capita EMEF exceeded the per capita EMBC 5 years earlier.The ESIs of Jiangsu cropland use were between 0.7 and 0.4 by the conventional method,while the numbers were between 0.7 and 0.3 by the modified one.The fact that the results of the two methods were similar showed that the modified model was reasonable and feasible,although some principles of the EF and EMEF were quite different. Also,according to the realities of Jiangsu cropland use,the results from the modified model were more acceptable.展开更多
文摘The November 1948 open session of the Institute of Geological Sciences AS USSR was previously unknown,in contrast to the August 1948 session of VASKhNIL.The publication of the transcript of the session of geologists is based on the original verified transcript from the Geological Institute and the Archive RAS.It presented reports on the main scientific directions of geology:stratigraphy,the Quaternary geology,lithology,geotectonics,petrography and petrology,mineralogy and geochemistry,and the geology of ore and coal deposits.This thick book details all the Q&A sessions,discussions of theories,methods,and practice among the leading Soviet geoscientists.The session and its resolution describe the situation and development of geology in the USSR in the mid-twentieth century as well as the collateral impact of the Lysenko affair on the earth sciences in the USSR.
文摘To study the chemical constituents of Sappan Lignum. Chemical constituents were isolated by method of solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. The structures were elucidated based on spectro- scopic data. Fourteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as brazilin （1）, sappanone B （2）, （E）-3-（3,4- dihydroxybenzylidene）-7-hydroxychroman-4-one （3）, 3-deoxysappanone B （4）, brazilide A （5）, euxanthone （6）, quercetin （7）, rhamnetin （8）, sappanchalcone （9）, 3-deoxysappanchalcone （10）, butein （11）, 2,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde （12）, 3,8,9-trihydroxy- 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one （13） and 13-sitosterol （14）. Compounds 12 and 13 were two new natural compounds, and the ^13C NMR data of compound 13 were reported for the first time. Compound 6 was the first xanthone isolated from the genus Caesalpinia.
基金Supported by the Speical Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest(201003063)~~
文摘[Objective] The research was aimed to study the main chemical composi- tions of rice straw in the three different areas of Jiangsu Province. [Method] The cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and crude ash of rice straw collected in Huaian, Changzhou and Zhenjiang of Jiangsu Province during 2011-2013 were determined. [Result] The change trends of cellulose and hemicellulose in three arrears in differ- ent years were consistent. The cellulose content increased after falling, and hemi- cellulose content presented declining tendency. The lignin content of rice straw fist rose then declined in Huaian and Changzhou in different years, while it presented the declining tendency in Zhenjiang. The ash content of rice straw changed little and was all less than 65% in the three areas in different years. And the chemical composition of rice straw changed significantly in different years. [Conclusion] The research could provide basis for high added-value use of crop straw.
文摘[ Objective ] The aim of the study was to explore the resistance development of deltamethrin through selection of dettamethrin resistant strain of wild silkworm （ Bombyx Mandarina）, thus providing the basis for scientific pesticide application and resistance management. [ Method] The wild silkworms collected from three different regions were reared indoors, and the sensitivity of their parents to deltamethrin was detected by topical application. The larvae in each generation were treated with deltamethdn in median lethal dose or so by.topical application. The mortality of larva was analyzed for the establishment of toxicity regression equations and the calculation of the multiple or increased multiple of deltamethdn resistance.[Result] After the Qidong Bornbyx Mandarina （YQD） fed with mulberry leaves were selected for three generations indoors, the multiple of deltamethdn resistance of F, was 14.26, 1.2 times as great as that of Fo ; after the Bombyx Mandarina from mulberry garden of Soochow University （YSD） fed with mulberry leaves were selected for three generations indoors, the multiple of deltamethrin resistance of F4 was 16.48, 1.9 times as great as that of Fo ; after the Wujiang Bombyx Mandarina （YWJ） fed with artificial diets were selected for three generations indoors during six generations, the multiple of deltamethrin resistance of Fe was 18.67, 1.2 times as great as that of Fo. [ Conclusioa] With the selection in same dose, the resistance multiple of YSD increases more rapidly than that of YQD; under double selection of artificial diets and insecticide, the resistance multiple of YWJ increases more slowly than that of YQD.
文摘Confucianism （especially its teaching theory） is the core of Chinese traditional culture with Confucius as its representative. It has played an indispensable role in the development of Chinese culture. It is the spiritual pillar of Chinese sustainable development. There are no others that can compare with its teaching method and art. The famous ＂heuristic teaching theory＂ is one of its greatest inventions. But many people think that it is Socrates invention. In fact, Socrates ＂elicitation teaching theory＂ was invented far later than that of Confucius. This paper aims at investigating of these two theories.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40401059)the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangsu Province(No.07KJD170123)the Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing Xiaozhuang University(No.2007NXY06)
文摘Based on the theory of emergy analysis,a modified model of ecological footprint accounting,termed emergetic ecological footprint(EMEF)in contrast to the conventional ecological footprint(EF)model,is formulated and applied to a case study of Jiangsu cropland,China.Comparisons between the EF and the EMEF with respect to grain,cotton,and food oil were outlined.Per capita EF and EMEF of cropland were also presented to depict the resources consumption level by comparing the biocapacity(BC)or emergetic biocapacity(EMBC,a new BC calculation by emergy analysis) of the same area.In the meanwhile,the ecological sustainability index(ESI),a new concept initiated by the authors, was established in the modified model to indicate and compare the sustainability of cropland use at different levels and between different regions.The results from conventional EF showed that per capita EF of the cropland has exceeded its per capita BC in Jiangsu since 1986.In contrast,based on the EMBC,the per capita EMEF exceeded the per capita EMBC 5 years earlier.The ESIs of Jiangsu cropland use were between 0.7 and 0.4 by the conventional method,while the numbers were between 0.7 and 0.3 by the modified one.The fact that the results of the two methods were similar showed that the modified model was reasonable and feasible,although some principles of the EF and EMEF were quite different. Also,according to the realities of Jiangsu cropland use,the results from the modified model were more acceptable.
