Purpose： The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise （externally-paced vs. self-paced sports） and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovas...Purpose： The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise （externally-paced vs. self-paced sports） and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovascular fitness level of the participants. Methods： Three groups of children （11.0 ± 0.2 years） differentiated in terms of their regular sport participation （football players, n = 20; track and field athletes, n = 20; non-athletic controls, n = 20） took part in the study. In one session, participants performed the Leger Multi-stage fitness test to estimate their aerobic fitness level. In another session, participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task （PVT） to evaluate their vigilance performance under 2 conditions of velocity demands （normal vs. speed）. Results： The results revealed that both groups of sport practitioners had higher cardiovascular fitness than non-athlete controls. In contrast, no significant differences in the performance PVT were found between track and field athletes and controls. Crucially, football players showed better performance in the PVT than track and field athletes and controls. These between-group differences were not modulated by the speed demands of the task. Conclusion： The major novel finding of this research points to a positive relationship between sport participation and vigilance performance during childhood. We discuss our results in terms of the different hypotheses put forward in the literature to explain the relationship between regular exercise and cognitive fimctioning： the ＂cardiovascular fitness＂ and the ＂cognitive component skills＂ hypotheses.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.展开更多
The museum education focusing on the children is different from adult acceptors for the mental development of the children presents obvious stage features. Therefore, a clear definition on the ages of the children in ...The museum education focusing on the children is different from adult acceptors for the mental development of the children presents obvious stage features. Therefore, a clear definition on the ages of the children in the service must be made. The children in different ages can find their own educational project groups in a short time according to their own categories and ages. To facilitate the branding of routine childhood education programs, improve the implementing benefit of childhood education programs and realize the maximization of resource utilization in the Museum Children Education, this study firstly generalizes and extracts one of the common problems that affect the implementing benefit of Chinese Museum Children Education project based on the case analysis - focus and age-group of service objects. Then this paper （article） explores it step by step. Finally the article combines the analyses with the empirical researches on feedback information acquired in on-site observations and semi-structured interviews, to propose improvement suggestions for the problem.展开更多
基金supported by a Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura predoctoral grant(FPU13-05605)to RBproject research grants:Junta de Andalucia Proyecto de Excelencia(SEJ-6414)+1 种基金Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad(PSI2013-46385)to DS and FHMinisterio de Economia y Competitividad(PSI2016-75956-P)to DS
文摘Purpose： The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise （externally-paced vs. self-paced sports） and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovascular fitness level of the participants. Methods： Three groups of children （11.0 ± 0.2 years） differentiated in terms of their regular sport participation （football players, n = 20; track and field athletes, n = 20; non-athletic controls, n = 20） took part in the study. In one session, participants performed the Leger Multi-stage fitness test to estimate their aerobic fitness level. In another session, participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task （PVT） to evaluate their vigilance performance under 2 conditions of velocity demands （normal vs. speed）. Results： The results revealed that both groups of sport practitioners had higher cardiovascular fitness than non-athlete controls. In contrast, no significant differences in the performance PVT were found between track and field athletes and controls. Crucially, football players showed better performance in the PVT than track and field athletes and controls. These between-group differences were not modulated by the speed demands of the task. Conclusion： The major novel finding of this research points to a positive relationship between sport participation and vigilance performance during childhood. We discuss our results in terms of the different hypotheses put forward in the literature to explain the relationship between regular exercise and cognitive fimctioning： the ＂cardiovascular fitness＂ and the ＂cognitive component skills＂ hypotheses.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.
文摘The museum education focusing on the children is different from adult acceptors for the mental development of the children presents obvious stage features. Therefore, a clear definition on the ages of the children in the service must be made. The children in different ages can find their own educational project groups in a short time according to their own categories and ages. To facilitate the branding of routine childhood education programs, improve the implementing benefit of childhood education programs and realize the maximization of resource utilization in the Museum Children Education, this study firstly generalizes and extracts one of the common problems that affect the implementing benefit of Chinese Museum Children Education project based on the case analysis - focus and age-group of service objects. Then this paper （article） explores it step by step. Finally the article combines the analyses with the empirical researches on feedback information acquired in on-site observations and semi-structured interviews, to propose improvement suggestions for the problem.
