AZ31镁合金高应变速率多向锻造组织演变及力学性能

采用空气锤对AZ31合金在350℃以Δε=0.22的道次应变量进行1~12道次多向锻造变形,并对其组织和性能进行测试。结果表明：合金高应变速率多向锻造（HSRTF）组织演变分为两个阶段,累积应变∑Δε〈1.32时为晶粒细化阶段,其主要机制为孪晶再结晶;累积应变∑Δε〉1.32时为晶粒长大阶段,其主要机制为热激活长大。利用大量的孪晶对再结晶的促进作用,高应变速率多向锻造工艺可快速生产细晶粒高性能AZ31变形镁合金锭坯,累积应变∑Δε=1.32时,可获得组织均匀、平均晶粒度为7.4μm的锻坯,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为313 MPa、209 MPa和28.6%。

Dynamic recrystallization mechanisms during hot compression of Mg-Gd-Y-Nd-Zr alloy

Hot compression tests were conducted on a homogenized Mg-7Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy at 450 ℃ and a strain rate of 2 s-1. Dynamic recrystallization （DRX） mechanisms were investigated by optical microscope （OM）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and transmission electron microscope （TEM） systematically. The crystallographic orientation information is obtained through electron back-scattering diffraction （EBSD）. The result shows that the flow stress firstly reaches a peak rapidly followed by declining to a valley, and then increases gradually again when the alloy is compressed to a strain of-1.88. DRX related to {10]2} tensile twins is extensively observed at small strains, resulting in an evident grain refinement. DRX grains first nucleate along the edges of twin boundaries with about 30~ （0001） off the twin parents. While at large strains, conventional continuous DRX （CDRX） is frequently identified by the formation of small DRX grains along the original grain boundaries and the continuously increasing misorientation from the centre of large original grains to the grain boundaries. Evidence of particle-stimulated nucleation （PSN） is also observed in the present alloy.

Evolution of twins and texture and its effects on mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets under different rolling process parameters

In order to investigate the dependence of microstructure and mechanical properties on the rolling process parameters, AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets with different grain sizes, basal texture intensities and twinning types were obtained using hot rolling at various temperatures and reductions. The volume fractions of the extension, contraction and secondary twins in the as-rolled sheets depend on the grain size. The highest volume fractions of three types of twins are obtained at 523 K under the reduction of 10% when the average grain size value is the maximum. The critical reductions for complete dynamic recrystallization are 30% at 523 K and 40% at 473 K. The increase of yield strength is ascribed to both grain-refinement strengthening and basal texture strengthening at the first stage. When the grain size does not decrease with increasing the reduction, the yield strength is mainly influenced by the texture weakening.

Microstructure and textural evolution during cold rolling and annealing of commercially pure titanium sheet

The effects of cold rolling and annealing on the microstructure and textural evolution of a commercially pure titanium（CP-Ti） sheet were investigated. Electron backscatter diffractometry demonstrates that the deformation during rolling is accommodated by twinning and slip. Additionally, twinning is the dominant deformation mechanism when the cold rolling reduction is less than 40%. During rolling, {11ˉ22}11ˉ2ˉ3contraction twinning（CT） and {10ˉ12}10ˉ11 extension twinning（ET） are activated. And, the intensity of the（0002） pole along the ND gradually increases with increasing deformation. During annealing, the fraction of low angle grain boundaries（LAGBs） and the intensity of the（0002） pole along the ND gradually decrease slightly with increasing annealing time, while twinning lamellae disappear rapidly. When the annealing time reaches 60 min, 20% cold-rolled sheet recrystallizes almost completely.

Effect of deformation mode,dynamic recrystallization and twinning on rolling texture evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloys

In order to obtain quantitative relationship between（0002） texture intensity and hot rolling conditions, conventional rolling experiments on AZ31 magnesium alloys were performed with 20%-40% reductions and temperatures within the range of 300-500 ℃. Shear strain and equivalent strain distributions along the thickness of the rolled sheets were calculated experimentally using embedded pin in a rolling sheet. Rolling microstructures and textures in the sheet surface and center layers of the AZ31 alloys were measured by optical microscopy（OM）, X-ray diffractometry（XRD） and electron back scatter diffraction（EBSD）. Effects of the rolling strain, dynamic recrystallization（DRX） and twinning on the texture evolution of the AZ31 alloys were investigated quantitatively. It is found that the highest（0002） basal texture intensities are obtained at a starting rolling temperature of 400 ℃ under the same strain. Strain–temperature dependency of the（0002） texture intensity of the AZ31 alloy is derived.

Effect of rolling reduction on deformation mechanism and twinning behavior of WE43 magnesium alloy

The effect of rolling reduction of the last pass on the dislocation slip and twinning behavior during direct hot rolling of a cast WE43 magnesium alloy at 480℃ was investigated.The results showed that prismatic<á>slip was always the main deformation mode during rolling at 480℃.In addition,the activated twinning type was associated with rolling reduction.The{1012}extension twinning was activated at a slight rolling reduction(2%),while{1011}compression twinning and{1011}−{1012}double twinning were activated at larger rolling reduction(12%and 20%).Schmid factor calculation showed that the activation of{1012}extension twin variants followed the Schmid Law,whereas the activation of{1011}compression twin variants did not follow it.Even if the rolling reduction reached 20%,almost no dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grains were found,presumably because the amount of deformation required for DRX to occur was not reached.

Correspondence between low-energy twin boundary density and thermal-plastic deformation parameters in nickel-based superalloy

To deeply understand and even describe the evolutions of the low-energy twin boundary density(BLDΣ3n)in a thermal-plastic deformation process,an improved twin density model as a function of average grain size and stored energy is developed.For Nimonic 80A superalloy,the model is solved based on the EBSD statistical results of grain size and BLDΣ3n in the specimens compressed at temperatures of 1273−1423 K and strain rates of 0.001−10 s−1.The corresponding relationships of BLDΣ3n with stored energy and grain size varying with temperature and strain rate are clarified by the superimposed contour plot maps.It is summarized that BLDΣ3n increases with increasing stored energy and decreasing grain size,and higher BLDΣ3n with finer grains corresponds with lower temperatures and higher strain rates.Such relationships are described by the improved twin density model,and the prediction tolerance of the solved model is limited in 2.8%.

Influence of free-end torsion on compressive behavior of extruded AZ31 rod at various temperatures

The influence of free-end torsion on compressive behavior of an extruded AZ31 rod at various temperatures was studied.Pre-torsion generates a high density of dislocations and a large number of{1012}twins in the matrix,which can largely enhance the compressive yield strength at RT and 100℃.However,with increasing temperature,hardening effect via pre-torsion gradually decreases.When the compressive temperature reaches 300℃,pre-torsion reduces the compressive yield strength.Moreover,initial dislocations and twins via torsion help to refine the sub-structure and accelerate the continuous dynamic recrystallization during compression at 200℃.Thus,twisted sample exhibits more rapid flow softening behavior than the as-extruded sample at 200℃.When compressed at 300℃,the twins and dislocations via torsion were largely eliminated during the holding time,and the discontinuous dynamic recrystallization was enhanced.It is found that the compression curves of twisted sample and as-extruded sample tended to be coincident at 300℃.Related mechanisms were discussed in detail.

Exceptional high-strain-rate tensile mechanical properties in a CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy

Alloys with combined outstanding strength and excellent ductility are highly desirable for many structural applications.However,alloys subjected to deformation at very high strain rates and/or cryogenic temperatures usually suffer from very limited ductility.Here,we demonstrate that a bulk CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy presents exceptional combination of high strength and excellent ductility during deformation at high strain rates over a wide temperature range.Full tensile stress-strain curves at a high strain rate of 2000s^(-1) and temperatures down to 77 K were successfully obtained using an electromagnetic Hopkinson tension bar system attached with a cooling device,revealing high true ultimate tensile strength(σ_(UTS,T))of 1.8 GPa and true strain of~54% at σ_(UTS,T).These outstanding mechanical properties were mainly attributed to profuse deformation twinning.Both high strain rate and cryogenic temperature promoted deformation twinning.Grain refinement caused by deformation twinning,dislocation slip and dynamic recrystallisation added to work hardening and the excellent tensile strain.