随着人工智能领域大模型(large model)的广泛应用,大模型,尤其是大语言模型(large language model,LLM)的安全问题受到了广泛关注.大模型作为一种新兴技术,与之相关的安全态势分析以及安全体系建设均亟待挖掘与探索.从社会关系以及技术...随着人工智能领域大模型(large model)的广泛应用,大模型,尤其是大语言模型(large language model,LLM)的安全问题受到了广泛关注.大模型作为一种新兴技术,与之相关的安全态势分析以及安全体系建设均亟待挖掘与探索.从社会关系以及技术应用2个视角,分析了大模型安全的整体趋势.同时,基于大模型自身的特点,梳理了大模型安全能力建设的实践思路,为大模型研发、大模型应用构建提供了安全体系构建的参考方案.介绍的大模型安全能力实践方案包括安全评估基准建设、模型价值观对齐方法、模型线上服务安全系统建设3个部分.展开更多
From the year of 1949 to the present, the China national coal output has been increasing quickly and became first in the world in 2009. But at the same time, major coal mining accidents still exist nowadays. In order ...From the year of 1949 to the present, the China national coal output has been increasing quickly and became first in the world in 2009. But at the same time, major coal mining accidents still exist nowadays. In order to review the overall situation and provide information on major accidents of coal mines in China, we investigated 26 major coal mining accidents in China between the years of 1949 and 2009 through statistical methods, each of which led to more than 100 fatalities. Statistical characteristics about accident-related factors such as time, death toll, accident reasons, characters and nature of enterprise were analyzed. And some special conclusions have been achieved. For example, although we have made great progress, the safety situation in China coal mining industry is still serious, and the reasons for the mining accidents are all human errors which are not inevitable. Such results may be helpful to prevent major accidents in coal mines. Moreso, based on both the knowledge of other countries which have good safety situation nowadays and the safety management situation of China, we made suggestion on safety management of China coal mining. In conclusion, countermeasures were proposed in accordance with the results of statistical studies and the analyses of problems existed in coal mines, including the perfec- tion of safety supervision organization, the establishment of cooperating agency among government, coal mines and workers, the perfection of safety rules and regulations, the improvement of safety investment, the enhancement of safety training, the development of safety technique, and the development of emer- gency rescue technique and equipment.展开更多
文摘随着人工智能领域大模型(large model)的广泛应用,大模型,尤其是大语言模型(large language model,LLM)的安全问题受到了广泛关注.大模型作为一种新兴技术,与之相关的安全态势分析以及安全体系建设均亟待挖掘与探索.从社会关系以及技术应用2个视角,分析了大模型安全的整体趋势.同时,基于大模型自身的特点,梳理了大模型安全能力建设的实践思路,为大模型研发、大模型应用构建提供了安全体系构建的参考方案.介绍的大模型安全能力实践方案包括安全评估基准建设、模型价值观对齐方法、模型线上服务安全系统建设3个部分.
基金support from the Science and Technology Programming Project of Shandong Provincein China (No. 2010GSF10808)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51074100)
文摘From the year of 1949 to the present, the China national coal output has been increasing quickly and became first in the world in 2009. But at the same time, major coal mining accidents still exist nowadays. In order to review the overall situation and provide information on major accidents of coal mines in China, we investigated 26 major coal mining accidents in China between the years of 1949 and 2009 through statistical methods, each of which led to more than 100 fatalities. Statistical characteristics about accident-related factors such as time, death toll, accident reasons, characters and nature of enterprise were analyzed. And some special conclusions have been achieved. For example, although we have made great progress, the safety situation in China coal mining industry is still serious, and the reasons for the mining accidents are all human errors which are not inevitable. Such results may be helpful to prevent major accidents in coal mines. Moreso, based on both the knowledge of other countries which have good safety situation nowadays and the safety management situation of China, we made suggestion on safety management of China coal mining. In conclusion, countermeasures were proposed in accordance with the results of statistical studies and the analyses of problems existed in coal mines, including the perfec- tion of safety supervision organization, the establishment of cooperating agency among government, coal mines and workers, the perfection of safety rules and regulations, the improvement of safety investment, the enhancement of safety training, the development of safety technique, and the development of emer- gency rescue technique and equipment.
