医院ADRs预警和药物安全性评价系统研究

目的 :建立计算机ADRs监测系统 ,以利于医院集中监测。方法 :依托区域网的医院信息化系统 ,对用药信息进行回顾性分析和实时监测。结果 :使ADRs预警监测工作变得更容易、简便 ,且为进行较大规模的ADRs监测提供了有利条件。结论 :计算机实时监测和药物安全性评价系统的运用可为临床合理、安全用药提供一种新的。

华北电网县供电企业安全性评价系统的开发与应用

供电企业的生产经济效益与安全生产息息相关,企业的安全生产离不开科学合理的安全性评价系统。华北电网县供电企业安全性评价系统是根据软件工程的开发标准,认真分析华北电网各县供电企业的实际需求后,开发出来的基于B/S模式的管理系统。描述了该系统从分析、设计、实现到测试的完整开发过程,并简要叙述了系统的应用方法。

基于GO-FLOW法的苹果冷链物流系统安全性评价

应用系统可靠性理论,利用GO-FLOW方法对苹果冷链物流系统进行安全性分析和风险评价,进行GO-FLOW程序运算,分析系统各环节的可靠性和故障率,找出了影响系统安全性的关键环节并提出了解决思路.

术前宫腔镜检查诊断子宫内膜癌安全性的系统评价

目的探讨术前宫腔镜检查与子宫内膜癌癌细胞播散的相关性。方法检索2000年4月至2015年4月中外文数据库(PubMed、Medline、EBSCOhost期刊数据库、CNKI和万方数据库)中有关合格对照临床试验的文献。根据文献纳入和排除标准筛选文献,依据Cochrane软件开展文献质量评估,使用RevMan 5.3.3统计软件开展Meta分析。结果纳入此次荟萃分析的文献共13篇,其中英文文献7篇,中文文献6篇;Meta分析结果显示普通刮诊组和术前诊断性宫腔镜组腹腔积液(包括腹腔冲洗液)肿瘤细胞阳性间差异有统计学意义(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.19~2.16,P﹤0.05),森林图的菱形图案全部在中线右边,测试整体效果Z=3.12,P=0.002,采用术前诊断性宫腔镜检查患者相关腹腔积液肿瘤细胞阳性(包括可疑阳性)的风险为无术前诊断性宫腔镜检查患者的1.61倍。结论术前宫腔镜检查可增加子宫内膜癌患者腹腔冲洗液肿瘤细胞学阳性风险,引起子宫内膜癌癌细胞播散。

基于安全性的乳制品冷链物流研究

借鉴系统可靠性工程理论,利用GO-FLOW法(关键流程的安全评价法)对冷藏加工食品的冷链物流系统进行安全性分析和风险评价,以某乳品企业的物流系统为例,针对其物流过程,建立乳制品物流系统的GO-FLOW图,并分析其信号流、操作符和运算规则,通过GO运算求出各信号流的可靠性,找出影响物流安全的关键环节,然后用故障树分析法(Fault Tree Analysis,即FTA法)对物流关键环节进行定性分析,并针对该环节提出解决方法,最后指出GO-FLOW与FTA相结合的方法是可用来评价物流安全性的有效方法。

PRISMA harms清单简介及其对安全性系统评价报告规范的重要性

目前普通系统评价/Meta分析都被要求遵循PRISMA(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)进行规范报告。PRISMA harms清单是PRISMA报告规范的衍生版,其主要针对安全性系统评价如何进行报告提出条件要求。PRISMA harms清单包括标题、摘要、前言、方法、结果、讨论和资助等需要报告的27个条目内容。该规范包括了清单、详尽的解释性文本以方便使用。通过应用PRISMA harms清单,作者、期刊编辑和同行评议者可促进安全性系统评价报告的质量。

Synthetic security assessment based on variable consistency dominance-based rough set approach

Security assessment can help understand the security conditions of an information system and yield results highly conducive to the solution of security problems in it. Taking the computer networks in a certain university as samples, this paper, with the information system security assessment model as its foundation, proposes a multi-attribute group decision-making （MAGDM） security assessment method based on a variable consistency dominance-based rough set approach （VC-DRSA）. This assessment method combines VC-DRSA with the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）, uncovers the inherent information hidden in data via the quality of sorting （QoS）, and makes a synthetic security assessment of the information system after determining the security attribute weight. The sample findings show that this method can effectively remove the bottleneck of MAGDM, thus assuming practical significance in information system security assessment.

Evaluation of Security of Mine Ventilation Systems

A mine ventilation system has a deterministic function for the safety of coal production and for the control of mine accidents. So, it has an important meaning to evaluate the security of a mine ventilation system. This paper studied the evaluation index system of the security of a mine ventilation system, and the security of a mine ventilation system was described quantitatively in the safety degree. Finally, an example of the security evaluation was given.

Efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome:a systematic review

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety ofTraditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)interventions,compared with control interventions(placebo or conventional Western medical therapy),in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).METHODS:Electronic databases including PubMed,the Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Wanfang Data were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs)published as of May 2012.Studies were selected according to the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria and then subjected to methodological quality assessment,data extraction,and meta-analysis according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.RESULTS:Twelve RCTs involving 881 patients with AIDS were included.Methodological quality assessment showed that two were high-quality,two were moderate-quality,and eight were low-quality.Meta-analysis showed that TCM interventions were associated with significantly reduced plasma viral load compared with placebo[odds ratio OR=2.46,95%confidence interval CI(1.02,5.94);P=0.04].However,the reductions in plasma viral load significantly favored conventional Western medical therapy alone over integrated traditional Chinese and Western medical therapy[OR=0.16,95%CI(0.05,0.55);P=0.004].Patients receiving TCM interventions had significantly higher CD4+T lymphocyte counts compared with those on placebo[OR=2.54,95%CI(1.40,4.60);P=0.002].In addition,TCM interventions were significantly more likely to have improved clinical symptoms[OR=2.82,95%CI(1.85,4.31);P<0.00001].TCM interventions conferred a similar risk of adverse events(AEs)compared with control interventions[OR=1.87,95%CI(0.58,6.01);P=0.29].CONCLUSION:Current evidence suggests that TCM interventions are significantly more effective than placebo in reducing plasma viral load and increasing CD4+T lymphocyte count in patients with AIDS.When compared with conventional Western medical therapy,TCM interventions were significantly less effective in reducing plasma viral load,although they were associated with a higher percentage of patients with improved symptoms.Patients receiving TCM interventions did not seem to be at an increased risk of AEs.

Postmarketing studies on safety of Dengfeng~ shenmai injection

OBJECTIVE: To systematically research the postmarketing safety of Dengfeng shenmai injection, identify potential risk factors, and ensure its clinical safety. METHODS: We investigated a comprehensive series of studies on the production process, quality standards, pharmacology, postmarketing clinical studies, and safety evaluation of Shenmai injection, including literature analysis of adverse drug reaction(ADR) case analysis and systematic review. Data from the hospital information system(HIS) and spontaneous reporting system(SRS) were also analyzed. RESULTS: The approximate dosage leading to death in dogs is 45.0-67.5 g raw drug/kg and the toxic reactions are restlessness, skin irritation, salivation, and vomiting. The results of chronic toxicity tests in mice and dogs, and the other tests such as 6-month toxicity, drug safety, genetic toxicity, and reproductive toxicity of rats and dogs, were positive or qualified. Patient ADR history and ADR family history were closely associated with itching based on the data analysis from SRS. There was no damage to renal function from Shenmai injection use at a dosage and a treatment course outside the recommended dosage and treatment course as specified based on data analysis from HIS. The most common ADR from Shenmai injection are difficulty breathing, facial flushing, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, skin itching, rash, and back pain. CONCLUSION: This study includes complete information on Shenmai injection ADR incidence rate. We found that Shenmai injection is safe and this study can provide clinical, research, and production institutions with an objective, reliable, and scientific basis for use of Shenmai injection.

The European New Car Assessment Programme： A historical review

Established in 1997, the European New Car Assessment Programme （Euro NCAP） provides consumers with a safety performance assessment for the majority of the most popular cars in Europe. Thanks to its rigorous crash tests, Euro NCAP has rapidly become an important driver safety improvement to new cars. After ten years of rating vehicles, Euro NCAP felt that a change was necessary to stay in tune with rapidly emerging driver assistance and crash avoidance systems and to respond to shifting priorities in road safety. A new overall rating system was introduced that combines the most important aspects of vehicle safety under a single star rating. The overall rating system has allowed Euro NCAP to continue to push for better fitment and higher performance for vehicles sold on the European market. In the coming years, the safety rating is expected to play an important role in the support of the roll-out of highly automated vehicles.