近日。笔者阅读了一篇题为《另一种教育理念》的文章，感触颇深，引起了笔者的思考。现摘录其中部分段落，以飨读者：下车步入学校（澳大利亚阳光小学）后，第一时间抢入我眼帘的是墙上几行大字。像是标语，又像是办学宗旨：“Love（爱...近日。笔者阅读了一篇题为《另一种教育理念》的文章，感触颇深，引起了笔者的思考。现摘录其中部分段落，以飨读者：下车步入学校（澳大利亚阳光小学）后，第一时间抢入我眼帘的是墙上几行大字。像是标语，又像是办学宗旨：“Love（爱），Trust（信任），Honesty（诚实），Responsibility（责任感），Intigrity（正直），Reconciliation（和睦），Belonging（归属感），Cooperation（合作精神），Socialjus-tice（社会公正），Sense of Humor（幽默感），”展开更多
In 2011, Yunnan provincial committee and government proposed the strat- egy of constructing mountainous cities in order to protect farmlands and guarantee crop safety, which makes full use of hills and gentle-slopes a...In 2011, Yunnan provincial committee and government proposed the strat- egy of constructing mountainous cities in order to protect farmlands and guarantee crop safety, which makes full use of hills and gentle-slopes and transforms land use pattern. However, social and economic development performs unevenly in Yun- nan, supplemented by varied geographical conditions, so that constructing mountain- ous cities should proceed as per local conditions. The research proposed the con- trol of constructing mountainous cities provided crop safety under the principle of farmland protection and measured the quantities of demanded construction lands ac- cording to science of population prediction and ekistics, based on which the control scales of constructing mountainous cities were determined by multiplying basic farm- land coefficient and the area of newly increased construction lands. The research is of significance for guiding the construction of mountainous cities and avoiding the occupation of construction lands on farmlands.展开更多
As an important measure of eco-environmental construction, the process ofde-farming in slope farmland is being undertakengradually in the whole China. Meanwhile, theproblem of reducing in food yield in de-farming area...As an important measure of eco-environmental construction, the process ofde-farming in slope farmland is being undertakengradually in the whole China. Meanwhile, theproblem of reducing in food yield in de-farming areas can not be neglected any more. It is especially the case in areas with concentrated slope farmland andinconvenient transportation. In this paper, we analyze the causes of hidden troubles in food security, and the spatial relationship between farmland and slopefarmland in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, and unveil the spatial disparity of contradictions between food supply and demand. Finally, combining the accessibility of areas, three different spatial types offood security, food security area, food alert area, and food crisis area, are divided.展开更多
Huainan area is an important coal base of the east of China. In the early part of the 1980s, the study of the underground waters dynamic state in the area was gradually paid close attention to. This paper introduces t...Huainan area is an important coal base of the east of China. In the early part of the 1980s, the study of the underground waters dynamic state in the area was gradually paid close attention to. This paper introduces the observation system of the groundwater dynamic state in the multilayered pitching aquifer, and expounds the hydrogeologic feature and the waterpower relations among aquifers. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the relations of the groundwater dynamic state to surface water, meteoric water and mining shaft outflow rate, this paper establishes main water filled aquifers of mining shaft (C 3-1 ,C 3-2 ,C 3-3 and O 2).In the light of the actual situation of the greatly changing aquifer occurrence and steep dip angle, the “two layer space curved surface seepage model" and the calculating step are all suggested. Since 1991,the groundwater dynamic state of the next year has been predicted (numerical simulation) every year. Contracting with the measured data, we gain a relatively ideal effect.展开更多
The implementation of the field responsibility system liberated peasants from the land and started the differentiation of peasants＇ occupation. With the differentiation of peasants＇ occupation and income differentia...The implementation of the field responsibility system liberated peasants from the land and started the differentiation of peasants＇ occupation. With the differentiation of peasants＇ occupation and income differentiation, the functions of farmland also change accordingly. Based on the analysis of statistical data. the study found that over the past 30 years, the degree of occupational differentiation of peasants has become more and more complete, and income differentiation has also expanded. At the same time, the security function of traditional farmland is declining, but peasants pay more and more attention to the property function of farmland.展开更多
A rationally designed support for deep roadways excavated in broken soft rock under high stress was investigated. The deformation and failure characteristics and the mechanism of ''yielding support'' w...A rationally designed support for deep roadways excavated in broken soft rock under high stress was investigated. The deformation and failure characteristics and the mechanism of ''yielding support'' was studied for anchor bolts and cables. The rail roadway of the 2-501 working face in the Liyazhuang Mine of the Huozhou coal area located in Shanxi province was used for field trials. The geological conditions used there were used during the design phase. The new ''highly resistant, yielding'' support system has a core of high strength, yielding bolts and anchor cables. The field tests show that this support system adapts well to the deformation and pressure in the deep broken soft rock. The support system effectively controls damage to the roadway and ensures the long term stability of the wall rock and safe production in the coal mine. This provides a remarkable economic and social benefit and has broad prospects for fur- ther application.展开更多
Major elements, trace elements and sulfur, oxygen isotopic compositions of the main intrusions were studied in Yueshan area. The fact that intrusions enriched in Th and Sr, and depleted in Rb and Ba in this area, sugg...Major elements, trace elements and sulfur, oxygen isotopic compositions of the main intrusions were studied in Yueshan area. The fact that intrusions enriched in Th and Sr, and depleted in Rb and Ba in this area, suggests that the original magma roots in alkali basalt magma of upper mantle, with deep characteristics. It can be seen that the diagenesis environments are the island arc and active continental margin areas from the lg τ to lg σ diagram of intrusions. With the increase of SiO2, Fe2O3, MnO and P2O5 decrease, which shows that the magma of Yueshan area endured crystal fractionation of ferromanganese mineral and apatite in early evolution stage. With the further rise and evolution of magma, magma composition of calcium increased, meanwhile enriched in Zr, and depleted in Nb and Ta. This indicates that crustal component is gradually added, the assimilation and contamination occur between magma and crustal material, which includes the magma evolving, from calc-alkaline series to alkaline series. The results show that crystal fractionation, assimilation and contamination are the main evolution law of magma in this area.展开更多
Vegetable yields have increased in China because of the increasing demand for vegetables; however, chemical contamination present in vegetable fields threatens food safety in China. Based on the data for the areas und...Vegetable yields have increased in China because of the increasing demand for vegetables; however, chemical contamination present in vegetable fields threatens food safety in China. Based on the data for the areas under cultivation and yields of vegetables and grains, price indices for agricultural production inputs, agricultural materials per unit area, producer price indices and net profits from vegetable and grain production, the potential for food safety risks in China caused by contamination of vegetable fields was analyzed based on comparison between vegetables and grains of areas under cultivation, yields, net profit, and agricultural materials use per unit of area. The author found that the area under cultivation and yield of vegetables have significantly increased because of increasing public demand for vegetables in the diet and high market prices for vegetables since the initiation of socialist market economy reforms; however, the potential risk from the application of agricultural materials increased during the study period as the proportion of vegetable planting increased. Food safety in China could be improved by controlling contamination in vegetable fields.展开更多
Purpose： This study aims to explore the biomechanical mechanism of lower limb injuries to the driver by establishing a finite element （FE） simulation model of collisions. Methods： First a minibus FE model was inte...Purpose： This study aims to explore the biomechanical mechanism of lower limb injuries to the driver by establishing a finite element （FE） simulation model of collisions. Methods： First a minibus FE model was integrated with a seat belt system. Then it was used to rebuild two collisions together with the total human model for safety （THUMS） provided by Toyota Motor Corporation： a rear-end collision between a minibus and a truck and a head-on collision of a minibus to a rigid wall. The impact velocities of both collisions were set at 56 km/h. The vehicle dynamic response, vehicle deceleration, and dashboard intrusion in the two collisions were compared. Results： In the minibus rear-end truck collision, the peak values of the yon Mises equivalent stress at the tibia and the femur were 133 MPa and 126 MPa respectively; while in the minibus head-on rigid wall collision, the data were 139 MPa and 99 MPa. Compared with the minibus head-on rigid wall collision, the vehicle deceleration was smaller and the dashboard intrusion was larger in the minibus rear-end truck collision. Conclusion： The results illustrate that a longer dashboard incursion distance corresponds to a higher yon Mises equivalent stress at the femur. The simulation results are consistent with the driver＇s autopsy report on lower limbs injuries. These findings verify that FE simulation method is reliable and useful to analyze the mechanisms of lower limb iniuries to the driver in minibus frontal collisions.展开更多
文摘近日。笔者阅读了一篇题为《另一种教育理念》的文章，感触颇深，引起了笔者的思考。现摘录其中部分段落，以飨读者：下车步入学校（澳大利亚阳光小学）后，第一时间抢入我眼帘的是墙上几行大字。像是标语，又像是办学宗旨：“Love（爱），Trust（信任），Honesty（诚实），Responsibility（责任感），Intigrity（正直），Reconciliation（和睦），Belonging（归属感），Cooperation（合作精神），Socialjus-tice（社会公正），Sense of Humor（幽默感），”
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41261018)Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan Education Committee(2015YUFEYC011)~~
文摘In 2011, Yunnan provincial committee and government proposed the strat- egy of constructing mountainous cities in order to protect farmlands and guarantee crop safety, which makes full use of hills and gentle-slopes and transforms land use pattern. However, social and economic development performs unevenly in Yun- nan, supplemented by varied geographical conditions, so that constructing mountain- ous cities should proceed as per local conditions. The research proposed the con- trol of constructing mountainous cities provided crop safety under the principle of farmland protection and measured the quantities of demanded construction lands ac- cording to science of population prediction and ekistics, based on which the control scales of constructing mountainous cities were determined by multiplying basic farm- land coefficient and the area of newly increased construction lands. The research is of significance for guiding the construction of mountainous cities and avoiding the occupation of construction lands on farmlands.
基金the Knowledge-Innovation Project of Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research of the Chinese Academy of Science(No.CXIOG-Boo-04)for financial support.
文摘As an important measure of eco-environmental construction, the process ofde-farming in slope farmland is being undertakengradually in the whole China. Meanwhile, theproblem of reducing in food yield in de-farming areas can not be neglected any more. It is especially the case in areas with concentrated slope farmland andinconvenient transportation. In this paper, we analyze the causes of hidden troubles in food security, and the spatial relationship between farmland and slopefarmland in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, and unveil the spatial disparity of contradictions between food supply and demand. Finally, combining the accessibility of areas, three different spatial types offood security, food security area, food alert area, and food crisis area, are divided.
文摘Huainan area is an important coal base of the east of China. In the early part of the 1980s, the study of the underground waters dynamic state in the area was gradually paid close attention to. This paper introduces the observation system of the groundwater dynamic state in the multilayered pitching aquifer, and expounds the hydrogeologic feature and the waterpower relations among aquifers. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the relations of the groundwater dynamic state to surface water, meteoric water and mining shaft outflow rate, this paper establishes main water filled aquifers of mining shaft (C 3-1 ,C 3-2 ,C 3-3 and O 2).In the light of the actual situation of the greatly changing aquifer occurrence and steep dip angle, the “two layer space curved surface seepage model" and the calculating step are all suggested. Since 1991,the groundwater dynamic state of the next year has been predicted (numerical simulation) every year. Contracting with the measured data, we gain a relatively ideal effect.
文摘The implementation of the field responsibility system liberated peasants from the land and started the differentiation of peasants＇ occupation. With the differentiation of peasants＇ occupation and income differentiation, the functions of farmland also change accordingly. Based on the analysis of statistical data. the study found that over the past 30 years, the degree of occupational differentiation of peasants has become more and more complete, and income differentiation has also expanded. At the same time, the security function of traditional farmland is declining, but peasants pay more and more attention to the property function of farmland.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50874103)the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2010CB226805)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2008135)as well as by the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering (No. SKLGDUEK0905)
文摘A rationally designed support for deep roadways excavated in broken soft rock under high stress was investigated. The deformation and failure characteristics and the mechanism of ''yielding support'' was studied for anchor bolts and cables. The rail roadway of the 2-501 working face in the Liyazhuang Mine of the Huozhou coal area located in Shanxi province was used for field trials. The geological conditions used there were used during the design phase. The new ''highly resistant, yielding'' support system has a core of high strength, yielding bolts and anchor cables. The field tests show that this support system adapts well to the deformation and pressure in the deep broken soft rock. The support system effectively controls damage to the roadway and ensures the long term stability of the wall rock and safe production in the coal mine. This provides a remarkable economic and social benefit and has broad prospects for fur- ther application.
基金Project(2012zzts010)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject(20091100704)supported by the Special Funds for Scientific Research of Land and Natural Resources,China
文摘Major elements, trace elements and sulfur, oxygen isotopic compositions of the main intrusions were studied in Yueshan area. The fact that intrusions enriched in Th and Sr, and depleted in Rb and Ba in this area, suggests that the original magma roots in alkali basalt magma of upper mantle, with deep characteristics. It can be seen that the diagenesis environments are the island arc and active continental margin areas from the lg τ to lg σ diagram of intrusions. With the increase of SiO2, Fe2O3, MnO and P2O5 decrease, which shows that the magma of Yueshan area endured crystal fractionation of ferromanganese mineral and apatite in early evolution stage. With the further rise and evolution of magma, magma composition of calcium increased, meanwhile enriched in Zr, and depleted in Nb and Ta. This indicates that crustal component is gradually added, the assimilation and contamination occur between magma and crustal material, which includes the magma evolving, from calc-alkaline series to alkaline series. The results show that crystal fractionation, assimilation and contamination are the main evolution law of magma in this area.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41371531)Key Technology Research and Pilot Study for Major Natural Disaster Risk Assessment(TSYJS04)
文摘Vegetable yields have increased in China because of the increasing demand for vegetables; however, chemical contamination present in vegetable fields threatens food safety in China. Based on the data for the areas under cultivation and yields of vegetables and grains, price indices for agricultural production inputs, agricultural materials per unit area, producer price indices and net profits from vegetable and grain production, the potential for food safety risks in China caused by contamination of vegetable fields was analyzed based on comparison between vegetables and grains of areas under cultivation, yields, net profit, and agricultural materials use per unit of area. The author found that the area under cultivation and yield of vegetables have significantly increased because of increasing public demand for vegetables in the diet and high market prices for vegetables since the initiation of socialist market economy reforms; however, the potential risk from the application of agricultural materials increased during the study period as the proportion of vegetable planting increased. Food safety in China could be improved by controlling contamination in vegetable fields.
文摘Purpose： This study aims to explore the biomechanical mechanism of lower limb injuries to the driver by establishing a finite element （FE） simulation model of collisions. Methods： First a minibus FE model was integrated with a seat belt system. Then it was used to rebuild two collisions together with the total human model for safety （THUMS） provided by Toyota Motor Corporation： a rear-end collision between a minibus and a truck and a head-on collision of a minibus to a rigid wall. The impact velocities of both collisions were set at 56 km/h. The vehicle dynamic response, vehicle deceleration, and dashboard intrusion in the two collisions were compared. Results： In the minibus rear-end truck collision, the peak values of the yon Mises equivalent stress at the tibia and the femur were 133 MPa and 126 MPa respectively; while in the minibus head-on rigid wall collision, the data were 139 MPa and 99 MPa. Compared with the minibus head-on rigid wall collision, the vehicle deceleration was smaller and the dashboard intrusion was larger in the minibus rear-end truck collision. Conclusion： The results illustrate that a longer dashboard incursion distance corresponds to a higher yon Mises equivalent stress at the femur. The simulation results are consistent with the driver＇s autopsy report on lower limbs injuries. These findings verify that FE simulation method is reliable and useful to analyze the mechanisms of lower limb iniuries to the driver in minibus frontal collisions.
