A new emergency evacuation car-following model （EECM） is proposed. The model aims to capture the main characteristics of traffic flow and driver behavior under an emergency evacuation, and it is developed on the bas...A new emergency evacuation car-following model （EECM） is proposed. The model aims to capture the main characteristics of traffic flow and driver behavior under an emergency evacuation, and it is developed on the basis of minimum safety distances with parts of the drivers＇ abnormal behavior in a panic emergency situation. A thorough questionnaire survey is undertaken among drivers of different ages. Based on the results from the survey, a safety-distance car-following model is formulated by taking into account two new parameters： a differential distributing coefficient and a driver＇ s experiential decision coefficient, which are used to reflect variations of driving behaviors under an emergency evacuation situation when compared with regular conditions. The formulation and derivation of the new model, as well as its properties and applicability are discussed. A case study is presented to compare the car-following trajectories using observed data under regular peak-hour traffic conditions and theoretical EECM results. The results indicate the consistency of the analysis of assumptions on the EECM and observations.展开更多
Gipps' model, a well-known safe distance car-following model, has a very strict restriction on the car-following behavior that the following vehicle has to maintain the exact safe distance to the leading vehicle t...Gipps' model, a well-known safe distance car-following model, has a very strict restriction on the car-following behavior that the following vehicle has to maintain the exact safe distance to the leading vehicle to avoid rear crash. However, this restriction is not consistent with the real traffic condition. Due to that, an enhanced safe distance car-following model is proposed first, and then calibrated and evaluated using the field data. Furthermore, the simulation is conducted to analyze the characteristics of the new model. The results of evaluation and simulation illustrate that the proposed model has higher simulation accuracy than the original Gipps' model, and can reproduce the stable flow and shock wave phenomena that are very common in real traffic.Moreover, the simulation results also prove that the enhanced model can better stabilize the traffic flow than Gipps' model.展开更多
基金The National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 10th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2005BA41B11)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50578003)
文摘A new emergency evacuation car-following model （EECM） is proposed. The model aims to capture the main characteristics of traffic flow and driver behavior under an emergency evacuation, and it is developed on the basis of minimum safety distances with parts of the drivers＇ abnormal behavior in a panic emergency situation. A thorough questionnaire survey is undertaken among drivers of different ages. Based on the results from the survey, a safety-distance car-following model is formulated by taking into account two new parameters： a differential distributing coefficient and a driver＇ s experiential decision coefficient, which are used to reflect variations of driving behaviors under an emergency evacuation situation when compared with regular conditions. The formulation and derivation of the new model, as well as its properties and applicability are discussed. A case study is presented to compare the car-following trajectories using observed data under regular peak-hour traffic conditions and theoretical EECM results. The results indicate the consistency of the analysis of assumptions on the EECM and observations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51278429)the Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Tongji University(No.K201207)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-13-0977)
文摘Gipps' model, a well-known safe distance car-following model, has a very strict restriction on the car-following behavior that the following vehicle has to maintain the exact safe distance to the leading vehicle to avoid rear crash. However, this restriction is not consistent with the real traffic condition. Due to that, an enhanced safe distance car-following model is proposed first, and then calibrated and evaluated using the field data. Furthermore, the simulation is conducted to analyze the characteristics of the new model. The results of evaluation and simulation illustrate that the proposed model has higher simulation accuracy than the original Gipps' model, and can reproduce the stable flow and shock wave phenomena that are very common in real traffic.Moreover, the simulation results also prove that the enhanced model can better stabilize the traffic flow than Gipps' model.
