依据Dickinson,E.C.,主编,2003年出版的"The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World"一书和2000~2008年的有关文献的记载,在1958~2008年的50年期间,全世界所描述发表鸟类的新种,计有171种。以每1...依据Dickinson,E.C.,主编,2003年出版的"The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World"一书和2000~2008年的有关文献的记载,在1958~2008年的50年期间,全世界所描述发表鸟类的新种,计有171种。以每10年中所发表的新种数进行统计比较,以1997~2007年期间所发表的新种为最多;按发现新种所属目级分类阶元的统计比较,以雀形目发现的新种为最多;按地区进行统计比较,以南美洲发现的新种数为最多,非洲中南部地区和太平洋诸岛为次;在中国境内描记的新种有台湾短翅莺Bradypterus alishannensis、峨嵋柳莺Phylloscopus emeiensis、海南柳莺Phylloscopus hainanus、峨嵋鹟莺Seicercus omeiensis、淡尾鹟莺Seicercus soror、弄岗穗鹛Stachyris nonggangensis、四川旋木雀Certhia tianquanensis等7种,其中由中国鸟类学者描记的有四川旋木雀和弄岗穗鹛两种。这说明鸟类的宏观分类研究,时至今日仍有研究的必要和发展空间。种下分类,是探讨同一个物种,随着分布区域的扩大,自然地理环境条件的变化,而产生地区性分布种群的变异,以致新物种形成的途径,是宏观分类学研究一个物种的演化发展。所以是当今鸟类分类研究的热点之一。据统计,1958~2008年的50年间,新描述发表的亚种数,约为1129亚种。繁殖区域分布较为广泛的种类,所描记的亚种较多。如岛鸫Turdus poliocephalus分化有51亚种之多。中国鸟类的分类与区系地理学研究,大致可分为起步时期(1949年以前)、新中国建立之后的考察及宏观分类研究的总结整理时期(1950~2005)和宏观与微观相结合的发展研究时期(1999年以后)等3个时期。郑作新所出版的《中国鸟类分布名录》和《中国鸟类区系纲要》等专著,是中国鸟类宏观分类和区系地理学研究较为翔实的阶段性总结,为进一步研究奠定了坚实的基础。展开更多
The decomposition of a large amount of unexploited macroalgal resource along the coast of China often results in heavy environmental pollution. In order to pave a way of using macroalgae as the dietary ingredient of r...The decomposition of a large amount of unexploited macroalgal resource along the coast of China often results in heavy environmental pollution. In order to pave a way of using macroalgae as the dietary ingredient of rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus, one of a few farmed herbivorous marine teleosts in China, its preference(feeding selectivity) for different macroalgae was determined in this study. Seven seaweed species abundantly inhabiting the coast of east Guangdong Province were exposed simultaneously to rabbitfish juveniles in laboratory(multiple-choice feeding) with their content and absolute intake assayed. It was found that the most preferred algae were Ulva prolifera, Gracilaria lemaneiformis and Chaetomorpha linum, less preferred algae were U. pertusa and Porphyra haitanensis, and least preferred ones were Sargassum fusiforme and Corallina sessilis. Such an order did not change when one to four relatively preferred seaweeds were removed. The preferred seaweeds were richer in protein and soluble sugar thus higher in energy than the least preferred. In addition, this fish was found to favor filamentous and flat algae rather than calcified ones. Accordingly, the richness of nutrients and morphological characteristics determined the preference of S. canaliculatus for tested macroalgae.展开更多
文摘依据Dickinson,E.C.,主编,2003年出版的"The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World"一书和2000~2008年的有关文献的记载,在1958~2008年的50年期间,全世界所描述发表鸟类的新种,计有171种。以每10年中所发表的新种数进行统计比较,以1997~2007年期间所发表的新种为最多;按发现新种所属目级分类阶元的统计比较,以雀形目发现的新种为最多;按地区进行统计比较,以南美洲发现的新种数为最多,非洲中南部地区和太平洋诸岛为次;在中国境内描记的新种有台湾短翅莺Bradypterus alishannensis、峨嵋柳莺Phylloscopus emeiensis、海南柳莺Phylloscopus hainanus、峨嵋鹟莺Seicercus omeiensis、淡尾鹟莺Seicercus soror、弄岗穗鹛Stachyris nonggangensis、四川旋木雀Certhia tianquanensis等7种,其中由中国鸟类学者描记的有四川旋木雀和弄岗穗鹛两种。这说明鸟类的宏观分类研究,时至今日仍有研究的必要和发展空间。种下分类,是探讨同一个物种,随着分布区域的扩大,自然地理环境条件的变化,而产生地区性分布种群的变异,以致新物种形成的途径,是宏观分类学研究一个物种的演化发展。所以是当今鸟类分类研究的热点之一。据统计,1958~2008年的50年间,新描述发表的亚种数,约为1129亚种。繁殖区域分布较为广泛的种类,所描记的亚种较多。如岛鸫Turdus poliocephalus分化有51亚种之多。中国鸟类的分类与区系地理学研究,大致可分为起步时期(1949年以前)、新中国建立之后的考察及宏观分类研究的总结整理时期(1950~2005)和宏观与微观相结合的发展研究时期(1999年以后)等3个时期。郑作新所出版的《中国鸟类分布名录》和《中国鸟类区系纲要》等专著,是中国鸟类宏观分类和区系地理学研究较为翔实的阶段性总结,为进一步研究奠定了坚实的基础。
基金financially supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41276179)National Science and Technology Support Plan Project (No. 2012BAC07B05)+1 种基金Team Project of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (S2011030005257)Producing,Teaching and Research Cooperation Projects of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education (No. 2011B090400039)
文摘The decomposition of a large amount of unexploited macroalgal resource along the coast of China often results in heavy environmental pollution. In order to pave a way of using macroalgae as the dietary ingredient of rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus, one of a few farmed herbivorous marine teleosts in China, its preference(feeding selectivity) for different macroalgae was determined in this study. Seven seaweed species abundantly inhabiting the coast of east Guangdong Province were exposed simultaneously to rabbitfish juveniles in laboratory(multiple-choice feeding) with their content and absolute intake assayed. It was found that the most preferred algae were Ulva prolifera, Gracilaria lemaneiformis and Chaetomorpha linum, less preferred algae were U. pertusa and Porphyra haitanensis, and least preferred ones were Sargassum fusiforme and Corallina sessilis. Such an order did not change when one to four relatively preferred seaweeds were removed. The preferred seaweeds were richer in protein and soluble sugar thus higher in energy than the least preferred. In addition, this fish was found to favor filamentous and flat algae rather than calcified ones. Accordingly, the richness of nutrients and morphological characteristics determined the preference of S. canaliculatus for tested macroalgae.