在概率论中,随机现象的统计规律性只有在对大量随机现象的考察中才能显示出来。为了研究“大量”的随机现象,我们常常采用极限的方法,因而须要研究中心极限定理。大数定律和中心极限定理在生产实际中有广泛的应用,现在仅就一些实际问题...在概率论中,随机现象的统计规律性只有在对大量随机现象的考察中才能显示出来。为了研究“大量”的随机现象,我们常常采用极限的方法,因而须要研究中心极限定理。大数定律和中心极限定理在生产实际中有广泛的应用,现在仅就一些实际问题略作分析以作初学者的一个启示。一、大数定律:凡是断言随机变量序列的算术平均（M<sub>n</sub>/n）=（1/n）sum from k≠1 to n（x<sub>k</sub>）稳定于一常数（或常数列）的一类定理通称为大数定律。或者说大数定律是论述条件的概率接近于0或1的规律的一类定理。在概率论中,接触得最多的是切贝雷夫大数定律。现在仅简述如下:1、大数定律:若x<sub>1</sub>、x<sub>2</sub>、……x<sub>n</sub>、……是随机变量序列,如果存在常数序列a<sub>1</sub>、a<sub>2</sub>……a<sub>n</sub>、……。便对任意的ε】展开更多
By comparing the entropy and the conditional entropy in a marker, an entropy-based index has been presented for fine-scale linkage disequilibrium gene mapping using high-density marker maps for human disease genes. Th...By comparing the entropy and the conditional entropy in a marker, an entropy-based index has been presented for fine-scale linkage disequilibrium gene mapping using high-density marker maps for human disease genes. The index can quantify the level of linkage disequilibrium （LD） between the marker and the disease susceptibility locus （DSL） of genes. The advantage of using the index is attributed to the fact that it does not depend on marker allele frequencies across loci. Moreover, it is parallel to Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium （HWD） measure for DSL fine mapping. Through various simulations, the fine mapping perform- ances of the proposed entropy-based index was extensively investigated under various genetic parameters. The results show that the index presented is both robust and powerful for DSL mapping in genes.展开更多
文摘在概率论中,随机现象的统计规律性只有在对大量随机现象的考察中才能显示出来。为了研究“大量”的随机现象,我们常常采用极限的方法,因而须要研究中心极限定理。大数定律和中心极限定理在生产实际中有广泛的应用,现在仅就一些实际问题略作分析以作初学者的一个启示。一、大数定律:凡是断言随机变量序列的算术平均（M<sub>n</sub>/n）=（1/n）sum from k≠1 to n（x<sub>k</sub>）稳定于一常数（或常数列）的一类定理通称为大数定律。或者说大数定律是论述条件的概率接近于0或1的规律的一类定理。在概率论中,接触得最多的是切贝雷夫大数定律。现在仅简述如下:1、大数定律:若x<sub>1</sub>、x<sub>2</sub>、……x<sub>n</sub>、……是随机变量序列,如果存在常数序列a<sub>1</sub>、a<sub>2</sub>……a<sub>n</sub>、……。便对任意的ε】
文摘By comparing the entropy and the conditional entropy in a marker, an entropy-based index has been presented for fine-scale linkage disequilibrium gene mapping using high-density marker maps for human disease genes. The index can quantify the level of linkage disequilibrium （LD） between the marker and the disease susceptibility locus （DSL） of genes. The advantage of using the index is attributed to the fact that it does not depend on marker allele frequencies across loci. Moreover, it is parallel to Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium （HWD） measure for DSL fine mapping. Through various simulations, the fine mapping perform- ances of the proposed entropy-based index was extensively investigated under various genetic parameters. The results show that the index presented is both robust and powerful for DSL mapping in genes.
