粉末衍射文件(Powder Diffraction File)是国际衍射数据中心(International Centre for Diffraction Data)编辑、发行的纯化合物X射线衍射数据库。该数据库以表格形式向使用者提供化合物分子式,英文名称,晶系,空间群,晶面间距(d—值),...粉末衍射文件(Powder Diffraction File)是国际衍射数据中心(International Centre for Diffraction Data)编辑、发行的纯化合物X射线衍射数据库。该数据库以表格形式向使用者提供化合物分子式,英文名称,晶系,空间群,晶面间距(d—值),相对强度,晶胞参数和Miller指数等内容。它由原来的印刷卡片发行改为目前的CD-ROM电子版本。截止到1999年底PDF-2数据库共收集约11.5万个化合物衍射数据,而且以每年至少增加1000个以上衍射数据的速度不断扩充。本文对其检索软件和物相定性分析方法也作了介绍。展开更多
The traditional stability analysis method of geogrid reinforced slopes does not consider the effect of lateral swelling,so it is not applicable to reinforced expansive soil slopes.This paper reports a new stability an...The traditional stability analysis method of geogrid reinforced slopes does not consider the effect of lateral swelling,so it is not applicable to reinforced expansive soil slopes.This paper reports a new stability analysis method for geogrid reinforced expansive soil slopes.The additional pullout force of the free zone due to the lateral swelling and the anti-pullout safety factor of each geogrid layer were obtained by ensuring the overall stability of the reinforced slope.The optimum design was carried out to treat an expansive soil cut slope in Hubei Province,China,by changing the spacing and length of geogrid reinforcement.Calculation results show that the additional pullout force caused by lateral swelling has a great influence on the anti-pullout stability of geogrids,and the local stability of the reinforced slope will be overestimated if the swelling effect of soil in the free zone is not considered.展开更多
At the middle pylon of a three-pylon two-span suspension bridge, the effect of unbalanced loads on the adjacent spans may result in a series of technical bottlenecks in design, such as stability and anti-slippage betw...At the middle pylon of a three-pylon two-span suspension bridge, the effect of unbalanced loads on the adjacent spans may result in a series of technical bottlenecks in design, such as stability and anti-slippage between saddles and main cables. This article presents the researches conducted on structure selection and behavior characteristics of middle pylon, interaction mechanism between main cables and saddles and their anti-slippage safety performance, elastic and plastic stability analysis and safety assessment of steel middle pylon, and fatigue design load and method for steel pylon of Taizhou Bridge. According to the research results, a longitudinal inverted Y shape steel middle pylon is used in design, effectively solving many technical difficulties, and this type of pylon has become a suitable middle pylon structural form for many three-ovlon two-soan susoension bridges.展开更多
Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtain...Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtained by FT-ICR MS and bulk properties of petroleum samples is still a challenge. In this study, the internal standard method was applied for the quantitative analysis of four straight-run vacuum gas oils(VGO) by atmospheric pressure photoionization(APPI) FT-ICR MS. The heteroatom class distribution of these VGO samples turned to be different when the concentration changed. Linear relationship between the normalized abundance and the concentration of VGO samples was identified for the total aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, S1 and N1 species. The differences of the response factors were also discussed. The sulfur contents of a series of crude oils were proved to be linear with the FT-ICR MS data calibrated by the response factor of S1 species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the internal standard method in quantitative analysis with APPI FT-ICR MS, and the bulk properties of petroleum samples could be correlated directly with the FT-ICR MS data.展开更多
This paper examines the connections among sustain- ability, governance and GDP, using the data from 123 countries. Sustainability is found to be related with GDP in two contradic- tory ways. On the one hand, growth in...This paper examines the connections among sustain- ability, governance and GDP, using the data from 123 countries. Sustainability is found to be related with GDP in two contradic- tory ways. On the one hand, growth in GDP strengthens a nation’s ability to maintain favorable environmental conditions into the future. On the other hand, GDP growth is built on more consump- tion of natural resources, and therefore generates a larger “foot- print” on the Earth. Governance plays a key role in sustainable development. However, it is not helping to reduce our footprint on the Earth. In fact, good governance is linked to a larger footprint. This reflects our materialist value and human impulse. When a society prefers the comfort and well-being of human beings to the welfare of its environment, democratic governance might be used as an effective tool against nature.展开更多
文摘粉末衍射文件(Powder Diffraction File)是国际衍射数据中心(International Centre for Diffraction Data)编辑、发行的纯化合物X射线衍射数据库。该数据库以表格形式向使用者提供化合物分子式,英文名称,晶系,空间群,晶面间距(d—值),相对强度,晶胞参数和Miller指数等内容。它由原来的印刷卡片发行改为目前的CD-ROM电子版本。截止到1999年底PDF-2数据库共收集约11.5万个化合物衍射数据,而且以每年至少增加1000个以上衍射数据的速度不断扩充。本文对其检索软件和物相定性分析方法也作了介绍。
基金Project(51978085)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(201808430102)supported by the China Scholarship Council+1 种基金Project(JTG-201507)supported by the Highway Industry Standard Compilation Project of Ministry of Transportation,ChinaProject(kfj180102)supported by the Open Fund of Changsha University of Science&Technology,China。
文摘The traditional stability analysis method of geogrid reinforced slopes does not consider the effect of lateral swelling,so it is not applicable to reinforced expansive soil slopes.This paper reports a new stability analysis method for geogrid reinforced expansive soil slopes.The additional pullout force of the free zone due to the lateral swelling and the anti-pullout safety factor of each geogrid layer were obtained by ensuring the overall stability of the reinforced slope.The optimum design was carried out to treat an expansive soil cut slope in Hubei Province,China,by changing the spacing and length of geogrid reinforcement.Calculation results show that the additional pullout force caused by lateral swelling has a great influence on the anti-pullout stability of geogrids,and the local stability of the reinforced slope will be overestimated if the swelling effect of soil in the free zone is not considered.
基金National Science and Technology Support Programs of China(No.2009BAG15B02)Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of Chinese Transportation Industry(No.2008-353-332-180)"333 High-level Personnel Training Project"Special Funded Projects in Jiangsu Province
文摘At the middle pylon of a three-pylon two-span suspension bridge, the effect of unbalanced loads on the adjacent spans may result in a series of technical bottlenecks in design, such as stability and anti-slippage between saddles and main cables. This article presents the researches conducted on structure selection and behavior characteristics of middle pylon, interaction mechanism between main cables and saddles and their anti-slippage safety performance, elastic and plastic stability analysis and safety assessment of steel middle pylon, and fatigue design load and method for steel pylon of Taizhou Bridge. According to the research results, a longitudinal inverted Y shape steel middle pylon is used in design, effectively solving many technical difficulties, and this type of pylon has become a suitable middle pylon structural form for many three-ovlon two-soan susoension bridges.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program,No.2012CB224801)
文摘Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtained by FT-ICR MS and bulk properties of petroleum samples is still a challenge. In this study, the internal standard method was applied for the quantitative analysis of four straight-run vacuum gas oils(VGO) by atmospheric pressure photoionization(APPI) FT-ICR MS. The heteroatom class distribution of these VGO samples turned to be different when the concentration changed. Linear relationship between the normalized abundance and the concentration of VGO samples was identified for the total aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, S1 and N1 species. The differences of the response factors were also discussed. The sulfur contents of a series of crude oils were proved to be linear with the FT-ICR MS data calibrated by the response factor of S1 species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the internal standard method in quantitative analysis with APPI FT-ICR MS, and the bulk properties of petroleum samples could be correlated directly with the FT-ICR MS data.
文摘This paper examines the connections among sustain- ability, governance and GDP, using the data from 123 countries. Sustainability is found to be related with GDP in two contradic- tory ways. On the one hand, growth in GDP strengthens a nation’s ability to maintain favorable environmental conditions into the future. On the other hand, GDP growth is built on more consump- tion of natural resources, and therefore generates a larger “foot- print” on the Earth. Governance plays a key role in sustainable development. However, it is not helping to reduce our footprint on the Earth. In fact, good governance is linked to a larger footprint. This reflects our materialist value and human impulse. When a society prefers the comfort and well-being of human beings to the welfare of its environment, democratic governance might be used as an effective tool against nature.
