使用定量二氧化碳法合成了高碱值的油酸镁清净剂,并优化了不同的工艺条件对油酸镁清净剂产品碱值和粘度的影响。在优化的工艺条件(活性-60氧化镁与油酸摩尔比7∶1,甲醇的量5 m L,氨水的量2 m L,二氧化碳压力3 MPa,过碱化时间60 min)下,...使用定量二氧化碳法合成了高碱值的油酸镁清净剂,并优化了不同的工艺条件对油酸镁清净剂产品碱值和粘度的影响。在优化的工艺条件(活性-60氧化镁与油酸摩尔比7∶1,甲醇的量5 m L,氨水的量2 m L,二氧化碳压力3 MPa,过碱化时间60 min)下,可以得到碱值为352 mg KOH/g的油酸镁清净剂产品。红外光谱(IR)表明,最终产品含有碳酸镁颗粒。展开更多
Tight reservoirs are widely distributed, especially in coal measure strata. Identification of the densification mechanism of the tight sandstone reservoirs is critical in effectively exploring and exploiting tight gas...Tight reservoirs are widely distributed, especially in coal measure strata. Identification of the densification mechanism of the tight sandstone reservoirs is critical in effectively exploring and exploiting tight gasoil resources. In this study, the gas for mation from type III organic matter in coal was kinetically modeled for the whole diagenetic stage, from the shallow buried biogas generation stage to the deep buried thermal gas generation stage. The results demonstrated that during hydrocarbon formation, quantities of nonhydrocarbon gases, such as CO2, were generated. The proportion of CO2 is about 50%70% of that of the C15, which far exceeds the CO2 content （05%） in the natural gas in the sedimentary basins. Geological case study analysis showed that a considerable part of the ＂lost＂ gaseous CO2 was converted into carbonate cement under favorable envi ronments. Under the ideal conditions, the volume of the carbonate cement transformed from total CO2 generated by 1 m3 coal （Junggar Basin Jurassic, TOC 67%） can amount to 0.32 m3. Obviously, this process plays a very important role in the for mation of tight sandstone reservoirs in the coal measures. Our results also show that the kinetic generation processes of Ci5 and CO2 are asynchronous. There are two main stages of CO2 generation, one at the weak diagenetic stage and the other at the overmature stage, which are different from largescale multistage hydrocarbon gas generation. Therefore, we can understand the mechanism of tight gas charging by determining the filling time for a tight gas reservoir and the key period of CO2 genera tion. Further analysis and correlation studies of a specific region are of great significance for determining the mechanism and modeling gas charging in tight reservoirs. It should be noted that the formation of tight sandstone reservoirs is the combined result of complex organicinorganic and waterrockhydrocarbon interactions. The details of spatial and temporal distributions of the carbonate cement derived from the organic C02, which combines with metal ions （Ca/Mg/Fe） in the formation water, should be further investigated.展开更多
Semiconducting silicon(Si)nanomaterials have great potential for the applications in electronics,physics,and energy storage fields.However,to date,it is still a challenge to realize the batch production of Si nanomate...Semiconducting silicon(Si)nanomaterials have great potential for the applications in electronics,physics,and energy storage fields.However,to date,it is still a challenge to realize the batch production of Si nanomaterials via efficient and low-cost approaches,owing to some long-standing shortcomings,e.g.,complex procedures and time and/or energy consumption.Herein,we report a green and inexpensive method to rapidly obtain two-dimensional(2D)free-standing Si/SiO_(x) nanosheets via the rapid thermal exfoliation of layered Zintl compound CaSi_(2).With the help of the rapid exfoliation reaction of CaSi_(2) in the atmosphere of greenhouse gas CO_(2),and the following mild sonication,2D free-standing Si/SiO_(x) nanosheets can be produced with very high yield.After applying the coating of a thin carbon outer layer,the electrodes of Si/SiO_(x)/C nanosheets serving as the anodes for lithium-ion batteries exhibit ultrahigh reversible capacity and outstanding electrochemical stability.We expect this study will provide new insights and inspirations for the convenient and batch production of nanostructural Si-based anode materials towards high-performance lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
文摘使用定量二氧化碳法合成了高碱值的油酸镁清净剂,并优化了不同的工艺条件对油酸镁清净剂产品碱值和粘度的影响。在优化的工艺条件(活性-60氧化镁与油酸摩尔比7∶1,甲醇的量5 m L,氨水的量2 m L,二氧化碳压力3 MPa,过碱化时间60 min)下,可以得到碱值为352 mg KOH/g的油酸镁清净剂产品。红外光谱(IR)表明,最终产品含有碳酸镁颗粒。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40873031)China Petroleum Foundation (Grant Nos. 2012Y-011, 2011B-0601)National Oil and Gas Special Foundation (Grant No. 2011ZX05007-001)
文摘Tight reservoirs are widely distributed, especially in coal measure strata. Identification of the densification mechanism of the tight sandstone reservoirs is critical in effectively exploring and exploiting tight gasoil resources. In this study, the gas for mation from type III organic matter in coal was kinetically modeled for the whole diagenetic stage, from the shallow buried biogas generation stage to the deep buried thermal gas generation stage. The results demonstrated that during hydrocarbon formation, quantities of nonhydrocarbon gases, such as CO2, were generated. The proportion of CO2 is about 50%70% of that of the C15, which far exceeds the CO2 content （05%） in the natural gas in the sedimentary basins. Geological case study analysis showed that a considerable part of the ＂lost＂ gaseous CO2 was converted into carbonate cement under favorable envi ronments. Under the ideal conditions, the volume of the carbonate cement transformed from total CO2 generated by 1 m3 coal （Junggar Basin Jurassic, TOC 67%） can amount to 0.32 m3. Obviously, this process plays a very important role in the for mation of tight sandstone reservoirs in the coal measures. Our results also show that the kinetic generation processes of Ci5 and CO2 are asynchronous. There are two main stages of CO2 generation, one at the weak diagenetic stage and the other at the overmature stage, which are different from largescale multistage hydrocarbon gas generation. Therefore, we can understand the mechanism of tight gas charging by determining the filling time for a tight gas reservoir and the key period of CO2 genera tion. Further analysis and correlation studies of a specific region are of great significance for determining the mechanism and modeling gas charging in tight reservoirs. It should be noted that the formation of tight sandstone reservoirs is the combined result of complex organicinorganic and waterrockhydrocarbon interactions. The details of spatial and temporal distributions of the carbonate cement derived from the organic C02, which combines with metal ions （Ca/Mg/Fe） in the formation water, should be further investigated.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0208200 and 2016YFB0700600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(0205-14380219)+3 种基金the Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(22022505,21872069 and 51761135104)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181056,BK20180008 and BK20191042)Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Fundation(2020Z258)the Funding for School-level Research Projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology(xjr2019006).
文摘Semiconducting silicon(Si)nanomaterials have great potential for the applications in electronics,physics,and energy storage fields.However,to date,it is still a challenge to realize the batch production of Si nanomaterials via efficient and low-cost approaches,owing to some long-standing shortcomings,e.g.,complex procedures and time and/or energy consumption.Herein,we report a green and inexpensive method to rapidly obtain two-dimensional(2D)free-standing Si/SiO_(x) nanosheets via the rapid thermal exfoliation of layered Zintl compound CaSi_(2).With the help of the rapid exfoliation reaction of CaSi_(2) in the atmosphere of greenhouse gas CO_(2),and the following mild sonication,2D free-standing Si/SiO_(x) nanosheets can be produced with very high yield.After applying the coating of a thin carbon outer layer,the electrodes of Si/SiO_(x)/C nanosheets serving as the anodes for lithium-ion batteries exhibit ultrahigh reversible capacity and outstanding electrochemical stability.We expect this study will provide new insights and inspirations for the convenient and batch production of nanostructural Si-based anode materials towards high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
