An integrated method for identifying the propagation of multi-loop process oscillations and their source location is proposed in this paper. Oscillatory process loop variables are automatically selected based on the c...An integrated method for identifying the propagation of multi-loop process oscillations and their source location is proposed in this paper. Oscillatory process loop variables are automatically selected based on the component-related ratio index and a mixing matrix, both of which are obtained in data preprocessing by spectral independent component analysis. The complex causality among oscillatory process variables is then revealed by Granger causality test and is visualized in the form of causality diagram. The simplification of causal connectivity in the diagram is performed according to the understanding of process knowledge and the final simplest causality diagram, which represents the main oscillation propagation paths, is achieved by the automated cutting-off thresh-old search, with which less significant causality pathways are filtered out. The source of the oscillation disturbance can be identified intuitively through the final causality diagram. Both simulated and real plant data tests are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.展开更多
In view of the importance of the hotel segment for the tourism and for the economy of countries such as Portugal, the objective of this study was to measure the level of orientation for the market of the largest hotel...In view of the importance of the hotel segment for the tourism and for the economy of countries such as Portugal, the objective of this study was to measure the level of orientation for the market of the largest hotel groups of Portugal. This investigation initially emphasized the importance of the marketing for the organizations, mainly the orientation for the market. After a brief explanation on the hotel segment in Portugal, an empirical study was presented, of quantitative, exploratory and traversal character, performed with the largest groups of 20 hotels of Portugal, using as an instrument of collection data, the traditional Markor scale （market orientation） adapted to the hotel sector. After analyzing the data, it was found in the investigated organizations that a good capacity to generate market information and response to the market, which formed two of the three constructs of Markor scale. However the results obtained with the construct of the dissemination of market information were below the expectations. It was possible to conclude that marketing professionals of the large hotel groups in Portugal are well oriented to the market, something not shared by other investigated departments of the hotels. So the current challenge for the main networks of hotels in Portugal is to improve the internal dissemination of information that marketing professionals gathered at the market.展开更多
During the past decades, the transformation of the labor market has significantly impacted on workers＇ wage structures and their employment in China. Along with the widening wage gaps and the growing income inequalit...During the past decades, the transformation of the labor market has significantly impacted on workers＇ wage structures and their employment in China. Along with the widening wage gaps and the growing income inequalities, the size of non-standard jobs expanded rapidly in China＇s urban labor market. As a result of this, the concept of working poor has become increasingly applicable to social and labor market realities in China, Based on the household survey data and by using quantitative analysis, this paper attempts to examine the interaction between the compulsory minimum wage standards and the working poor in the period of China＇s economic transition. The results show that for those whose monthly wages higher than the compulsory minimum wage standards were less likely to work poor and that workers with wages lower than the minimum wage floor were vulnerable to working poor, which supported the expectation that the implementation of compulsory minimum wages would help to reduce the risk of being a member among the working poor in China＇s urban labor market.展开更多
Comparison and data analysis with the similarity measures and entropy for fuzzy sets were carried out. The distance proportional value between the fuzzy set and the corresponding crisp set was considered by the fuzzy ...Comparison and data analysis with the similarity measures and entropy for fuzzy sets were carried out. The distance proportional value between the fuzzy set and the corresponding crisp set was considered by the fuzzy entropy. The relation between the similarity measure and the entropy for fuzzy set was also analyzed. The fuzzy entropy was reformulated as the dissimilarity measure. Furthermore, crisp set having the minimum uncertainty with respect to the corresponding fuzzy set was also proposed. Finally, derivation of a similarity measure from entropy with the help of total information property was derived. A simple example shows the relation between similarity measure and fuzzy entropy, in which the summation of similarity measure and fuzzy entropy represents a constant value.展开更多
Corporate governance is a relatively young field. Nonetheless, the research in this domain has been growing at an impressive speed in recent decades. Analysis of corporate governance has become a key factor in our und...Corporate governance is a relatively young field. Nonetheless, the research in this domain has been growing at an impressive speed in recent decades. Analysis of corporate governance has become a key factor in our understanding of corporations in recent years, and an indicator of investor confidence in the decisions is taken by the managers and board of directors of the listed companies. This paper evaluates both qualitative and quantitative techniques that are implied in corporate governance field. The methodological techniques are a key element of the research process In this article, the authors developed a content analysis of the published empirical research in order to expose a possible gap between what is currently done versus what needs to be done in terms of the techniques of data analysis used in corporate governance field. The results of this study allow the authors to draw some valuable conclusions regarding the trends in methodological techniques that support the evolution of corporate governance. The findings indicate that, in general, the researchers are inclined to more sophisticated quantitative techniques. However, the use of qualitative techniques remains preponderant among corporate governance scholars.展开更多
We perform the updated constraints on the Hubble constant H_0 by using the model-independent method, Gaussian processes.Utilizing the latest 30 cosmic chronometer measurements, we obtain H_0= 67.38 ± 4.72 km s^(-...We perform the updated constraints on the Hubble constant H_0 by using the model-independent method, Gaussian processes.Utilizing the latest 30 cosmic chronometer measurements, we obtain H_0= 67.38 ± 4.72 km s^(-1)Mpc^(-1), which is consistent with the Planck 2015 and Riess et al. analysis at 1σ confidence level. Different from the results of Busti et al. by only using 19 H(z) measurements, our reconstruction results of H(z) and the derived values of H_0 are insensitive to the concrete choice of covariance functions of Matern family.展开更多
A chemometric method to determine selective ion by using non-negative immune algorithm （NNIA） was proposed. In the method, the mutual projections of the chromatographic profiles at different m/z channel are calculat...A chemometric method to determine selective ion by using non-negative immune algorithm （NNIA） was proposed. In the method, the mutual projections of the chromatographic profiles at different m/z channel are calculated using NNIA. Suppose a GC-MS data with m retention time points and n mass channels, the projections of the GC-MS data onto a chromatographic profile at a mass channel will form a mass spectrum of ln vector. If the chromatographic profile at a selective mass channel is used, the extracted mass spectrum will be a correct one. Therefore, by comparing the extracted mass spectrum with a reference spectrum, the selective ion can be identified, and the corresponding chromatographic profile can be obtained at the same time. GC-MS data of 40-pesticide mixture was investigated by the method. The results show that both the mass spectral and the chromatographic information of the interested components can be extracted from the overlapping signals, except for the special cases of isomeric components with very similar mass spectra.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （60974061）.
文摘An integrated method for identifying the propagation of multi-loop process oscillations and their source location is proposed in this paper. Oscillatory process loop variables are automatically selected based on the component-related ratio index and a mixing matrix, both of which are obtained in data preprocessing by spectral independent component analysis. The complex causality among oscillatory process variables is then revealed by Granger causality test and is visualized in the form of causality diagram. The simplification of causal connectivity in the diagram is performed according to the understanding of process knowledge and the final simplest causality diagram, which represents the main oscillation propagation paths, is achieved by the automated cutting-off thresh-old search, with which less significant causality pathways are filtered out. The source of the oscillation disturbance can be identified intuitively through the final causality diagram. Both simulated and real plant data tests are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
文摘In view of the importance of the hotel segment for the tourism and for the economy of countries such as Portugal, the objective of this study was to measure the level of orientation for the market of the largest hotel groups of Portugal. This investigation initially emphasized the importance of the marketing for the organizations, mainly the orientation for the market. After a brief explanation on the hotel segment in Portugal, an empirical study was presented, of quantitative, exploratory and traversal character, performed with the largest groups of 20 hotels of Portugal, using as an instrument of collection data, the traditional Markor scale （market orientation） adapted to the hotel sector. After analyzing the data, it was found in the investigated organizations that a good capacity to generate market information and response to the market, which formed two of the three constructs of Markor scale. However the results obtained with the construct of the dissemination of market information were below the expectations. It was possible to conclude that marketing professionals of the large hotel groups in Portugal are well oriented to the market, something not shared by other investigated departments of the hotels. So the current challenge for the main networks of hotels in Portugal is to improve the internal dissemination of information that marketing professionals gathered at the market.
文摘During the past decades, the transformation of the labor market has significantly impacted on workers＇ wage structures and their employment in China. Along with the widening wage gaps and the growing income inequalities, the size of non-standard jobs expanded rapidly in China＇s urban labor market. As a result of this, the concept of working poor has become increasingly applicable to social and labor market realities in China, Based on the household survey data and by using quantitative analysis, this paper attempts to examine the interaction between the compulsory minimum wage standards and the working poor in the period of China＇s economic transition. The results show that for those whose monthly wages higher than the compulsory minimum wage standards were less likely to work poor and that workers with wages lower than the minimum wage floor were vulnerable to working poor, which supported the expectation that the implementation of compulsory minimum wages would help to reduce the risk of being a member among the working poor in China＇s urban labor market.
基金Project(2010-0020163) supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea
文摘Comparison and data analysis with the similarity measures and entropy for fuzzy sets were carried out. The distance proportional value between the fuzzy set and the corresponding crisp set was considered by the fuzzy entropy. The relation between the similarity measure and the entropy for fuzzy set was also analyzed. The fuzzy entropy was reformulated as the dissimilarity measure. Furthermore, crisp set having the minimum uncertainty with respect to the corresponding fuzzy set was also proposed. Finally, derivation of a similarity measure from entropy with the help of total information property was derived. A simple example shows the relation between similarity measure and fuzzy entropy, in which the summation of similarity measure and fuzzy entropy represents a constant value.
文摘Corporate governance is a relatively young field. Nonetheless, the research in this domain has been growing at an impressive speed in recent decades. Analysis of corporate governance has become a key factor in our understanding of corporations in recent years, and an indicator of investor confidence in the decisions is taken by the managers and board of directors of the listed companies. This paper evaluates both qualitative and quantitative techniques that are implied in corporate governance field. The methodological techniques are a key element of the research process In this article, the authors developed a content analysis of the published empirical research in order to expose a possible gap between what is currently done versus what needs to be done in terms of the techniques of data analysis used in corporate governance field. The results of this study allow the authors to draw some valuable conclusions regarding the trends in methodological techniques that support the evolution of corporate governance. The findings indicate that, in general, the researchers are inclined to more sophisticated quantitative techniques. However, the use of qualitative techniques remains preponderant among corporate governance scholars.
文摘We perform the updated constraints on the Hubble constant H_0 by using the model-independent method, Gaussian processes.Utilizing the latest 30 cosmic chronometer measurements, we obtain H_0= 67.38 ± 4.72 km s^(-1)Mpc^(-1), which is consistent with the Planck 2015 and Riess et al. analysis at 1σ confidence level. Different from the results of Busti et al. by only using 19 H(z) measurements, our reconstruction results of H(z) and the derived values of H_0 are insensitive to the concrete choice of covariance functions of Matern family.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21175074)
文摘A chemometric method to determine selective ion by using non-negative immune algorithm （NNIA） was proposed. In the method, the mutual projections of the chromatographic profiles at different m/z channel are calculated using NNIA. Suppose a GC-MS data with m retention time points and n mass channels, the projections of the GC-MS data onto a chromatographic profile at a mass channel will form a mass spectrum of ln vector. If the chromatographic profile at a selective mass channel is used, the extracted mass spectrum will be a correct one. Therefore, by comparing the extracted mass spectrum with a reference spectrum, the selective ion can be identified, and the corresponding chromatographic profile can be obtained at the same time. GC-MS data of 40-pesticide mixture was investigated by the method. The results show that both the mass spectral and the chromatographic information of the interested components can be extracted from the overlapping signals, except for the special cases of isomeric components with very similar mass spectra.
