Poverty reduction and environmental protection are two global tasks for sustainable development.The study perspective has changed over time,from narrowly focusing on poverty reduction to comprehensively strengthening ...Poverty reduction and environmental protection are two global tasks for sustainable development.The study perspective has changed over time,from narrowly focusing on poverty reduction to comprehensively strengthening human-welfare.We reviewed key references targeting the theoretical content and practical approach relying on poverty,environment protection and ecosystem services.We discussed the contradicting views on the relationship of poverty and environmental degradation,and then illustrated the study progress of a cutting-age topic-ecosystem services which pave a way to address poverty reduction and environmental protection together.At last,we investigated essential factors that affect the development and environmental protection.Considering the evolution of the concept of poverty,we found that the environment has occupied an increasing proportion in the cognizance of poverty.The relationship between poverty and environmental degradation is regional uniqueness.In practical aspect,projects based on the management and valuation assessment of ecosystem services draw researchers′attention all over the world.The appropriate scale,essential economic incentives,morality,law and social equality are key factors affecting individuals′decisions which directly relate to the sustainable development.展开更多
We quantified microhabitat use by white-footed mice Peromyscus leucopus in forest and old-field habitats occupied by Morrow＇ s honeysuckle Lonicera morrowii, an invasive exotic shrub imported from Japan. Microhabitat...We quantified microhabitat use by white-footed mice Peromyscus leucopus in forest and old-field habitats occupied by Morrow＇ s honeysuckle Lonicera morrowii, an invasive exotic shrub imported from Japan. Microhabitat characteristics were compared between trails used by mice （ n = 124） and randomly selected trails （ n = 127） in 4 study plots located at Fort Necessity National Battlefield, Farmington, Pennsylvania, USA. We compared 10 mierohabitat variables between used and random trails using non-metric multidimensional scaling （NMDS） and classification and regression tree （CART） analysis. Trails used by mice were statistically different from randomly selected trails in both forested plots （ P 〈 0. 008） and old-field plots （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. In the forested plots, trails of white-footed mice were more often associated with a greater percent cover （% cover） of coarse woody debris （CWD） than were randomly selected trails. In the old-field plots, mouse trails were commonly characterized by having a lower % cover of exotic herbaceous vegetation, a greater % cover of shrubs, and a greater % cover of Morrow＇ s honeysuckle than randomly selected trails. Our study indicates that white-footed mice do not move randomly and prefer areas of high structural complexity, thereby showing significant microhabitat preference. The preference of white-footed mice for areas with a relatively high percent cover of Morrow＇s honeysuckle could 1 ） be a factor in the aggressive nature of the exotic honeysuckle shrub＇s spread throughout the Battlefield or 2） cause the shrub to spread even faster into adjacent areas not yet occupied by Morrow＇ s honeysuckle展开更多
The study of the international literary relations in comparative literature includes not only the positivistic relations of different nations and different literary systems, but also the relations of variation among d...The study of the international literary relations in comparative literature includes not only the positivistic relations of different nations and different literary systems, but also the relations of variation among different literatures when it comes to the cross-civilization heterogeneity. Therefore, the positivistic approach and that of variation in the study of international literary relations constitute the two indispensable pillars in this field.展开更多
In this study,a 3D virtual reality and visualization engine for rendering the ocean,named VV-Ocean,is designed for marine applications.The design goals of VV-Ocean aim at high fidelity simulation of ocean environment,...In this study,a 3D virtual reality and visualization engine for rendering the ocean,named VV-Ocean,is designed for marine applications.The design goals of VV-Ocean aim at high fidelity simulation of ocean environment,visualization of massive and multidimensional marine data,and imitation of marine lives.VV-Ocean is composed of five modules,i.e.memory management module,resources management module,scene management module,rendering process management module and interaction management module.There are three core functions in VV-Ocean:reconstructing vivid virtual ocean scenes,visualizing real data dynamically in real time,imitating and simulating marine lives intuitively.Based on VV-Ocean,we establish a sea-land integration platform which can reproduce drifting and diffusion processes of oil spilling from sea bottom to surface.Environment factors such as ocean current and wind field have been considered in this simulation.On this platform oil spilling process can be abstracted as movements of abundant oil particles.The result shows that oil particles blend with water well and the platform meets the requirement for real-time and interactive rendering.VV-Ocean can be widely used in ocean applications such as demonstrating marine operations,facilitating maritime communications,developing ocean games,reducing marine hazards,forecasting the weather over oceans,serving marine tourism,and so on.Finally,further technological improvements of VV-Ocean are discussed.展开更多
The centurial study in ancient Chinese literary theory has gained certain achievements, which is embodied in the reorganization of materials, the construction of subject, and the establishment of system. However, some...The centurial study in ancient Chinese literary theory has gained certain achievements, which is embodied in the reorganization of materials, the construction of subject, and the establishment of system. However, some problems, including literary aphasia, objectified objectivism and de-contextualization, have revealed during our rethinking of Westernization, scientism and systematism, showing that we have been trapped by Western-centralism, scientism and post-colonialism. Faced with the demand from modem knowledge pattern of de-sinicization, de-contextualization and de-subjectification, we propose reconstruction strategies of re-sinicization and re-pragmatism in order to provide theoretical conception of rebuilding modem system for ancient literary theory study.展开更多
In ubiquitous stub environment, it is a critical challenge to design an optimal device aggregation mechanism to meet all requested ubiquitous services simultaneously with resource- limited devices and bandwidth-limite...In ubiquitous stub environment, it is a critical challenge to design an optimal device aggregation mechanism to meet all requested ubiquitous services simultaneously with resource- limited devices and bandwidth-limited network. Firstly, Multi-Service oriented Devices Aggregation Problem is generalized and formulated based on QoS-metric with Multi-attribute Decision Making. Secondly, a Multi-Service oriented Devices Aggregation Mechanism is proposed to deal the problem in which there are two processes： Dimensionless Processing and Device Aggregation Approach. At last, the simulation is implemented with OPNET and MATLAB. We integrate different QoS factors, such as Average Utility, Utility distribution, Total Utility distribution and Service Failure Rate, to reflect user experience.展开更多
A decision model of knowledge transfer is presented on the basis of the characteristics of knowledge transfer in a big data environment.This model can determine the weight of knowledge transferred from another enterpr...A decision model of knowledge transfer is presented on the basis of the characteristics of knowledge transfer in a big data environment.This model can determine the weight of knowledge transferred from another enterprise or from a big data provider.Numerous simulation experiments are implemented to test the efficiency of the optimization model.Simulation experiment results show that when increasing the weight of knowledge from big data knowledge provider,the total discount expectation of profits will increase,and the transfer cost will be reduced.The calculated results are in accordance with the actual economic situation.The optimization model can provide useful decision support for enterprises in a big data environment.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41230745,41171156)
文摘Poverty reduction and environmental protection are two global tasks for sustainable development.The study perspective has changed over time,from narrowly focusing on poverty reduction to comprehensively strengthening human-welfare.We reviewed key references targeting the theoretical content and practical approach relying on poverty,environment protection and ecosystem services.We discussed the contradicting views on the relationship of poverty and environmental degradation,and then illustrated the study progress of a cutting-age topic-ecosystem services which pave a way to address poverty reduction and environmental protection together.At last,we investigated essential factors that affect the development and environmental protection.Considering the evolution of the concept of poverty,we found that the environment has occupied an increasing proportion in the cognizance of poverty.The relationship between poverty and environmental degradation is regional uniqueness.In practical aspect,projects based on the management and valuation assessment of ecosystem services draw researchers′attention all over the world.The appropriate scale,essential economic incentives,morality,law and social equality are key factors affecting individuals′decisions which directly relate to the sustainable development.
基金the National Park Service, U. S. Department of the Interior
文摘We quantified microhabitat use by white-footed mice Peromyscus leucopus in forest and old-field habitats occupied by Morrow＇ s honeysuckle Lonicera morrowii, an invasive exotic shrub imported from Japan. Microhabitat characteristics were compared between trails used by mice （ n = 124） and randomly selected trails （ n = 127） in 4 study plots located at Fort Necessity National Battlefield, Farmington, Pennsylvania, USA. We compared 10 mierohabitat variables between used and random trails using non-metric multidimensional scaling （NMDS） and classification and regression tree （CART） analysis. Trails used by mice were statistically different from randomly selected trails in both forested plots （ P 〈 0. 008） and old-field plots （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. In the forested plots, trails of white-footed mice were more often associated with a greater percent cover （% cover） of coarse woody debris （CWD） than were randomly selected trails. In the old-field plots, mouse trails were commonly characterized by having a lower % cover of exotic herbaceous vegetation, a greater % cover of shrubs, and a greater % cover of Morrow＇ s honeysuckle than randomly selected trails. Our study indicates that white-footed mice do not move randomly and prefer areas of high structural complexity, thereby showing significant microhabitat preference. The preference of white-footed mice for areas with a relatively high percent cover of Morrow＇s honeysuckle could 1 ） be a factor in the aggressive nature of the exotic honeysuckle shrub＇s spread throughout the Battlefield or 2） cause the shrub to spread even faster into adjacent areas not yet occupied by Morrow＇ s honeysuckle
文摘The study of the international literary relations in comparative literature includes not only the positivistic relations of different nations and different literary systems, but also the relations of variation among different literatures when it comes to the cross-civilization heterogeneity. Therefore, the positivistic approach and that of variation in the study of international literary relations constitute the two indispensable pillars in this field.
基金supported by the Global Change Research Program of China under Project 2012CB955603the Natural Science Foundation of China under Project 41076115+2 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China under Project 2009CB723903the Public Science and Technology Research Funds of the Ocean under Project 201005019the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China under Project 2008AA121701
文摘In this study,a 3D virtual reality and visualization engine for rendering the ocean,named VV-Ocean,is designed for marine applications.The design goals of VV-Ocean aim at high fidelity simulation of ocean environment,visualization of massive and multidimensional marine data,and imitation of marine lives.VV-Ocean is composed of five modules,i.e.memory management module,resources management module,scene management module,rendering process management module and interaction management module.There are three core functions in VV-Ocean:reconstructing vivid virtual ocean scenes,visualizing real data dynamically in real time,imitating and simulating marine lives intuitively.Based on VV-Ocean,we establish a sea-land integration platform which can reproduce drifting and diffusion processes of oil spilling from sea bottom to surface.Environment factors such as ocean current and wind field have been considered in this simulation.On this platform oil spilling process can be abstracted as movements of abundant oil particles.The result shows that oil particles blend with water well and the platform meets the requirement for real-time and interactive rendering.VV-Ocean can be widely used in ocean applications such as demonstrating marine operations,facilitating maritime communications,developing ocean games,reducing marine hazards,forecasting the weather over oceans,serving marine tourism,and so on.Finally,further technological improvements of VV-Ocean are discussed.
文摘The centurial study in ancient Chinese literary theory has gained certain achievements, which is embodied in the reorganization of materials, the construction of subject, and the establishment of system. However, some problems, including literary aphasia, objectified objectivism and de-contextualization, have revealed during our rethinking of Westernization, scientism and systematism, showing that we have been trapped by Western-centralism, scientism and post-colonialism. Faced with the demand from modem knowledge pattern of de-sinicization, de-contextualization and de-subjectification, we propose reconstruction strategies of re-sinicization and re-pragmatism in order to provide theoretical conception of rebuilding modem system for ancient literary theory study.
文摘In ubiquitous stub environment, it is a critical challenge to design an optimal device aggregation mechanism to meet all requested ubiquitous services simultaneously with resource- limited devices and bandwidth-limited network. Firstly, Multi-Service oriented Devices Aggregation Problem is generalized and formulated based on QoS-metric with Multi-attribute Decision Making. Secondly, a Multi-Service oriented Devices Aggregation Mechanism is proposed to deal the problem in which there are two processes： Dimensionless Processing and Device Aggregation Approach. At last, the simulation is implemented with OPNET and MATLAB. We integrate different QoS factors, such as Average Utility, Utility distribution, Total Utility distribution and Service Failure Rate, to reflect user experience.
基金supported by NSFC(Grant No.71373032)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.12JJ4073)+3 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Grant No.11C0029)the Educational Economy and Financial Research Base of Hunan Province(Grant No.13JCJA2)the Project of China Scholarship Council for Overseas Studies(201208430233201508430121)
文摘A decision model of knowledge transfer is presented on the basis of the characteristics of knowledge transfer in a big data environment.This model can determine the weight of knowledge transferred from another enterprise or from a big data provider.Numerous simulation experiments are implemented to test the efficiency of the optimization model.Simulation experiment results show that when increasing the weight of knowledge from big data knowledge provider,the total discount expectation of profits will increase,and the transfer cost will be reduced.The calculated results are in accordance with the actual economic situation.The optimization model can provide useful decision support for enterprises in a big data environment.
