实小波变换提取相位信息方法研究

理论上快速离散小波变换(RDWT)的近似系数s(n)、细节系数w(n)中包含被分析信号的所有信息,包括相位信息,因此相位信息可利用RDWT提取。该文提出三种从RDWT的s(n)、w(n)系数中提取相位信息的方法,与现有的用复小波变换提取相位信息的方法相比,该文方法具有RDWT特有的简单、快速、信息非冗余等显著优点,而且对每个尺度上的小波变换系数进行正交化处理,便可借助小波域相子提取该尺度上的一种频率分量的真实相位,这些特点是现有方法不可能同时具备的。对Matlab测试波形的分析证明了该文方法提取的相位信息是正确的。

基于四元数小波变换HMT模型的图像去噪

实小波变换域中的图像去噪会产生伪Gibbs现象,为此,提出一种基于四元数小波变换的隐马尔可夫树模型(Q-HMT),并应用于图像去噪。模型结合四元数小波变换理论与HMT模型,体现小波系数层间的相关性,捕获小波系数邻域的统计特征。实验结果表明,该模型的图像去噪效果在峰值信噪比以及视觉效果上均优于经典的去噪方法。

基于复Morlet小波的地层钻探识别

在低信噪比时,短时傅里叶变换和实小波变换无法准确提取钻头进入不同地层的时延信息。为此,提出一种复小波变换分析法。利用幅值和相位信息对信号突变点进行提取和定位,从而实时判断钻头钻进目的层的时刻。实验结果表明,该方法能准确表征振动信号的时频特征,与短时傅里叶变换和实小波变换相比,具有更好的时间定位和抑噪能力。

Q-shift复小波的一种新型构造方法及其在图像去噪中的应用

为了提高复小波变换的效率,本文提出了一种设计Q-shift复小波滤波器的新方法。与目前采用多相位矩阵的晶格分解结构得到正交小波的方法不同的是,这里从更为一般的完全重构滤波器组出发寻求满足特定要求的正交小波。不但可以构造出系数更为简单、运算更加方便的小波,而且可以实现任意精度的复小波变换。该方法的可拓展性好,可以很方便的添加如高阶消失矩等限制并简化设计过程。以普遍采用的Q-shift10/10小波为例,利用本文构造的正交小波可将复小波变换中的乘法运算降低到原来的1/3,而加法基本相当,且小波的频率选择性质更好。将其用于图像去噪的实验表明,采用本文构造的小波可以显著提高处理速度并得到更高的峰值信噪比(PSNR)。

Investigation of a New Vortex-Induced Vibration Suppression Device in Laboratory Experiments

In order to mitigate vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of marine risers, especially to eliminate the phenomenon of frequency 'lock-in', a new suppression device of crescent-shaped flow spoiler was designed with seven different layout schemes. VIV model tests with six flow levels were conducted in a large wind-wave-current flume. In all cases, vibration responses in both in-line and cross-flow cases were measured. With the installation of suppression devices vibration frequency evolution of a riser was analyzed by Morlet wavelet transform. The principle of VIV suppression was interpreted through vibration characteristics. Fatigue life of the riser was calculated by the Palmgren-Miner rule. Compared with a bare riser, vibration of an outfitted riser with suppression devices disturbed the steady flow, the vibration amplitudes in the two flow directions were reduced, and the riser fatigue life was improved.

A real-time 5/3 lifting wavelet HD-video de-noising system based on FPGA

In accordance with the application requirements of high definition(HD) video surveillance systems,a real-time 5/3 lifting wavelet HD-video de-noising system is proposed with frame rate conversion(FRC) based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA),which uses a 3-level pipeline paralleled 5/3 lifting wavelet transformation and reconstruction structure,as well as a fast BayesS hrink adaptive threshold filtering module.The proposed system demonstrates de-noising performance,while also balancing system resources and achieving real-time processing.The experiments show that the proposed system's maximum operating frequency(through logic synthesis and layout using Quartus 13.1 software) can reach 178 MHz,based on the Altera Company's Stratix III EP3SE80 series FPGA.The proposed system can also satisfy real-time de-noising requirements of 1920 × 1080 at60 fps HD-video sources,while also significantly improving the peak signal to noise rate of the denoising images.Compared with similar systems,the system has the advantages of high operating frequency,and the ability to support multiple source formats for real-time processing.

Low-power Analog VLSI Implementation of Wavelet Transform

For applications requiring low-power,low-voltage and real-time,a novel analog VLSI implementation of continuous Marr wavelet transform based on CMOS log-domain integrator is proposed. Marr wavelet is approximated by a parameterized class of function and with Levenbery-Marquardt nonlinear least square method,the optimum parameters of this function are obtained. The circuits of implementating Marr wavelet transform are composed of analog filter whose impulse response is the required wavelet. The filter design is based on IFLF structure with CMOS log-domain integrators as the main building blocks. SPICE simulations indicate an excellent approximations of ideal wavelet.

Study of pre-processing model of coal-mine hoist wire-rope fatigue damage signal

In this paper, we propose a pre-processing method for the detection of wire-rope signals. This is necessary because of the lack of processing methods that are currently employed. First, we investigated the one-dimensional discrete morphological and wavelet transform. Then, we developed a pre-processing model that is based on the morphological wavelet-filtering algorithm. We then proposed a modified morphology filtering algorithm. We also designed an experiment platform for wire-rope detection.Eight levels of localized flaws(LFs) and damage were formed in the wire-rope specimen. We performed a series of experimental studies, and the results show that the proposed method can effectively filter the drift signal. The signal-to-noise ratio of the new filtering algorithm was over 26 d B. The signal-to-noise ratio of the existing method is less than 15 d B, and the noise-signal ratio of the new filtering algorithm has improved by 73%. Based on our results, the filtering effect of the proposed method is better than that of the present method. This study has great significance and practical value in engineering applications.