案件溢出事实对法院裁判形成过程的影响

准确把握与合理运用案件溢出事实,对于案件定量裁判的公正性具有重要的实践价值和意义。以民事纠纷中的彩礼案为例,我国已形成案件溢出事实运用的规范主义的三种进路。然而,这些规范主义进路存在难以对溢出事实作出穷尽规定,难以量化把握溢出事实的运用,以及已有的典型案例和司法解释尚有矛盾或欠严谨等主要问题。因而在案件的定量裁判中,裁判者对溢出事实的判断和运用仍需遵循实践主义逻辑,要基于个案溢出事实与主要事实的内在联系,从情理角度对案件的溢出事实加以衡量,并以可靠性作为判断和运用案件溢出事实的前提。运用案件溢出事实作出的定量裁判结果的正当性证成,需以当事人对裁判结果存在最低限度的可接受性为前提。

The Inherent Logic and Developmental Tendency of the Practice of Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics:A Structural Analytical Framework for the Questions of “Where Did China Come From?” and “Where Should China Go?”

The practice of more than 30 years of building socialism with Chinese characteristics contains within it a five-step evolution： ＂functional thinking → government leadership theoretical guidance → hybrid structure → the people in the principal position＂; in the course of the further development of the practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, the important responsibility and mission of Chinese Communists （exercising governance for the people） and the new expectations of the people （innovative practice） determine that its basic tendency should be to carry out reform and breakthroughs at three levels： ＂deep structures → core institutions → operational means,＂ embodied in ＂structural adjustment → restructuring → change of methods →construction of order.＂