基层银行外汇衍生品业务实需管理研究

目前,银行对客户办理衍生产品业务仍坚持实需交易原则。2018年以来人民币汇率的宽幅双向震荡波动,给涉外企业带来了汇率风险管理的严峻挑战,外汇衍生品的使用给大部分企业减少了汇率波动损失。但银行衍生品交易在有效落实“实需原则”方面仍欠佳。通过对唐山市辖内银行外汇衍生品市场发展现状的研究,发现了从实需的视角存在着各方对外汇衍生品交易“实虚原则”理解不一致等问题,并且针对发现的问题提出了进一步明确“实需”内涵,适当扩展“实需”内涵,提升实需原则适用性等政策建议。

银行外汇衍生品业务实需管理方法研究

目前,我国银行办理外汇衍生品业务主要遵循的是实需管理原则。实需原则能够保证具有真实避险业务的主体办理套保业务,促进了我国外汇市场健康有序发展,但随着市场的不断深化、资本项目可兑换和人民币国际化进程的持续推进,当前严格的实需管理以及银行的过度把握一定程度上限制了外汇衍生品市场的发展。本文借鉴印度外汇衍生品市场发展经验,从微观及宏观两个方面梳理当前实需管理现状下存在的问题,力求对我国银行外汇衍生品业务实需管理方法做出有效探索。

On Supply-side Reform

After the 2008 financial crisis, reality prompts people to reflect on the traditional theoretical frameworks of economics and the practical experiences based on macro-control and "demand management." The new reality also stimulates innovative efforts to "connect theory with practice" and leads academia and decision-makers to pay unprecedented attention to "supply management" regulation and structural supply-side reforms. Based on the theoretical innovation of the "new supply-side economics," this paper systematically discusses China's supply-side reform and its related issues from four levels—the innovation of closely connecting theory with practice, the problem-oriented innovation of re-making the momentum system under the new normal, the innovation for overall and long-term goals based on comprehensive planning and systematic engineering, and the innovation of institutional supply centered on reforms and modernization.