实验围栏内越冬眼镜蛇体温调节和低温耐受性的无线电遥测

用SB 2T内置热敏无线电发射器、HOBO和TINYTALK数据记录块等电子设备研究实验室围栏内越冬眼镜蛇 (Najaatra)的体温调节和低温耐受性。围栏内总平均气温 (10 6℃ )与总平均巢温 (10 9℃ )无显著差异 ,但气温变化幅度 (- 2 0～ 37 4℃ )大于巢温变化幅度 (6 5～ 14 5℃ )。眼镜蛇体温变化幅度 (3 4～34 1℃ )介于气温和巢温的变化幅度之间 ,平均体温的个体间差异显著 ,总平均体温 (15 0℃ )大于平均气温和平均巢温。最低体温的平均值为 8 9℃ ,与经验估测的眼镜蛇低温耐受极限 (9 0℃ )相近。白天气温高于15℃时能见到巢外调温个体 ,其体温记录次数约占处于此条件下的个体总体温记录次数的 2 9%。巢外调温个体的体温高于处于晚间和白天 15℃以下气温个体的体温 ,亦高于处于白天 15℃以上气温但不进行巢外调温个体的体温。处于白天 15℃以下气温个体的体温低于晚间个体的体温。处于白天 15℃以上气温但不进行巢外调温个体的体温与处于晚间和白天 15℃以下气温个体的体温无显著差异。处于晚间和白天 15℃以下气温个体的体温与气温呈显著的正相关 ,表明眼镜蛇在低温和缺乏热斑块的环境中是体温调节的顺应者。气温高于 15℃时 ,进行巢外调温和不进行巢外调温个体的体温均与气温无关 ,表明眼镜蛇在气温?

Advanced Agriculture of Israel Roots in its Decision Making Mechanism

In the past 70 years, Israel has not only realized the self-sufficiency of agricultural products, but also make its way to becoming one of leading exporters of agricultural products in the world rapidly. Undoubtedly, there are many reasons for this world famous "Miracle of Negev Desert" [1], but we consider the decision making mechanism as one of the most important reasons, because such a perfect integrated system consisting of researching system, experimental system and extension system is well organized and it booms the development of agriculture in Israel.