洁口爽的毒副作用及最低抑菌浓度效应的实验研究

目的:对洁口爽的毒副作用及体外最低抑菌浓度效应观察。方法:洁口爽以最大容积药液实验小鼠,观察小鼠急性毒性反应;家兔点眼法,兔耳皮肤刺激法,观察洁口爽的刺激作用;以管蝶扩散法检测抑菌直径,用液体梯度稀释法后测定洁口爽最低抑菌浓度。结果:洁口爽组与对照组动物全部健存,解剖各脏器未见异常情况,体质量均有所增长(组间比较P>0.05),无明显毒副反应。洁口爽对所测金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、伤寒杆菌、痢疾杆菌均有较强的抑菌作用;对五种细菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为原液的17%、17%、20%、20%、25%。对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌不敏感。结论:洁口爽有一定的抑菌作用,常用量范围安全,无明显毒副作用。

治疗药物监测中奥氮平实验室警戒浓度分析

目的促进奥氮平的临床安全、有效使用。方法临床药师对河北医科大学第一医院2020年7月至2022年7月进行奥氮平治疗药物监测(TDM)患者的一般资料进行分析,包括患者病例号、性别、年龄、临床诊断、就诊类型、合并用药情况及奥氮平监测结果,以奥氮平血药浓度>100 ng/mL为实验室警戒浓度。使用Excel软件和SPSS 26.0统计学软件进行统计与分析。结果共收集到2003例患者的奥氮平TDM数据,其中出现实验室警戒浓度的患者61例(3.05%)。女性、服用大剂量(>20 mg/d)奥氮平治疗、单用奥氮平治疗、精神分裂症患者出现奥氮平实验室警戒浓度的概率显著更高(P<0.05)。出现奥氮平实验室警戒浓度的患者有临床应答的警戒值为(135.73±10.92)ng/mL,无临床应答的警戒值为(113.47±17.06)ng/mL,差异显著(P<0.05);出现奥氮平实验室警戒浓度的患者且发生药品不良反应(ADR)的警戒值为(133.43±16.10)ng/mL,未发生ADR的警戒值为(116.98±17.84)ng/mL,差异显著(P<0.05)。奥氮平处于实验室警戒浓度、处于治疗浓度范围、低于治疗浓度范围的ADR发生率分别为18.03%,7.76%,4.91%,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论女性、服用大剂量(>20 mg/d)奥氮平治疗、单用奥氮平治疗、精神分裂症患者更易出现实验室警戒浓度,临床药师应重点关注;奥氮平TDM警戒值设置可能过低,尚需进一步验证。定期审查TDM中的实验室警戒浓度有助于优化临床用药方案。

实验室高浓度含银废水的树脂吸附处理研究

采用羧甲基马铃薯淀粉为原料制备高吸水树脂,并用其吸附处理实验室高浓度重金属废水。结果表明:该高吸水树脂可吸附去除溶液中的重金属离子,使实验室废水达标排放。高吸水树脂对银离子的吸附容量会随树脂质量的增加而下降,在初始浓度100 mg/L银离子溶液中对重金属离子的吸附在200 min后基本达到吸附平衡,同时该树脂吸附银离子过程是满足准二级动力学方程过程。

不同血小板浓度富血小板血浆对动物软骨细胞增殖的影响及其治疗膝骨关节炎的临床效果观察

目的探讨富血小板血浆（PRP）中不同血小板浓度（Plt）对软骨细胞增殖和膝骨关节炎治疗效果影响。方法软骨细胞增殖实验选择小鼠软骨细胞做细胞培养：将人浓缩血小板分成4个实验组,分别调整Plt（×109/L）为A组200、B组500、C组1 000、D组1 500,对照组以DMEM/F12培养基加入5%的胎牛血清;采用CCK-8检测法检测不同Plt的PRP对小鼠软骨细胞在24、48、72 h的增殖效果。临床疗效观察选取膝关节骨性关节炎120例作为研究对象,按照上述细胞增殖实验的4种Plt的PRP随机均分为A、B、C、D 4组（n=30）;用EDTA抗凝无菌试管采集受试患者静脉血40 m L/（人）次,使用富浆法离心分离浓缩血小板,调整血小板达到上述4种Plt,治疗4次/例;采用Lysholm膝关节评分量表法评估不同Plt的PRP在治疗前和治疗后1、3、6个月4个时间（点）对骨性关节炎的疗效。结果软骨细胞增殖实验（OD值）：对照组及A、B、C和D 4个实验组在小鼠软骨细胞培养24 h时,分别为0.64±0.01、0.77±0.03、0.84±0.01、0.87±0.02、0.88±0.13（P〈0.05）;48 h时分别为0.86±0.01、1.03±0.10、1.29±0.06、1.32±0.01、1.40±0.04（P〈0.05）;72 h时分别为1.18±0.07、1.58±0.03、1.79±0.08、1.90±0.04、1.92±0.02（P〈0.05）。其中4个实验组组间比较,24、48、72 h时B、C、D 3组均明显优于A组（P〈0.05）,同时C、D 2组又明显优于B组（P〈0.05）。PRP治疗膝关节骨性关节炎疗效（膝关节功能评估以Lysholm评分表示）：与治疗前比较,除A组治疗前后无明显改善（P〉0.05）外、B、C、D 3组治疗后1个月的评分为69.93±2.43、68.57±2.13、66.98±2.33,3个月为70.50±3.22、73.20±2.44、71.24±3.75,6个月为72.10±2.54、75.13±3.18、74.80±2.43（均为P〈0.05）;其中组间比较,C组明显优于B组（P〈0.05）;6个月时,C、D 2组明显优于B组（P〈0.05）。结论 Plt为1 000×109/L的PRP对小鼠软骨细胞增殖效果最为明显,且能获得PRP治疗人膝关节炎的满意疗效。

极端颗粒物浓度环境对低成本光散射颗粒物传感器性能影响

选取了市场上占有率比较大的几款低成本颗粒物传感器,与中高端光散射颗粒物监测仪做对比,以高浓度淹没实验模拟极端颗粒物浓度环境,检测传感器线性响应和平行性。结果发现,高浓度淹没实验后,PT、SF传感器线性较好,且仪器间平行性也较好;YT和NF传感器线性出现了较大偏差。结论表明,有必要将极端环境条件下传感器性能检测纳入考察范畴,尤其是对使用低成本传感器作为核心检测部件的扬尘监测系统和微型空气监测站,从而在最大程度上避免极端环境或突发环境变化时监测仪器性能受到影响,进一步保障颗粒物监测数据质量。

白背叶提取物A的体外抗肿瘤机制的研究

目的研究白背叶提取物A对SGC-7901人胃癌细胞增殖抑制作用的发生机制。方法采用RT-PCR检测白背叶提取物A对SGC-7901人胃癌细胞抑癌基因p53,癌基因Bcl-2表达的影响。结果不同浓度的白背叶提取物A作用于SGC-7901细胞后:p53的mRNA表达均有增强,10,20,40μg/ml浓度的p53 mRNA表达均显著高于空白组(P<0.01);各实验浓度的白背叶提取物A作用下SGC-7901细胞的Bcl-2 mRNA表达均有降低,与空白组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.01),且该作用有一定的剂量依赖性。结论对抑癌基因p53、癌基因Bcl-2表达的影响是白背叶提取物A抗肿瘤的作用机制之一。

提升研究生海洋实践教学质量的思考与探索——以“深蓝探索海上实习实践”课程建设研究为例

涉海实践是海洋科学人才培养方案中的关键环节之一。“深蓝探索海上实习实践”课程建设将海洋系统观测、海景数据/样品采集与处理、过程机制确定及模型建立相结合,对学生进行深远海海上调查分析技能培训。基于直观的泥、水实验来展示深海极端物理化学环境条件,在此基础上训练学生深远海海上作业技能,这样的方式不仅有助于锻炼学生独立思考以及解决问题的实践能力,还能够培养他们的艰苦奋斗精神。同时,能让学生切身体验快乐海洋,进而获得有效的、完整的教学效果,达成训练学生现场海上作业能力(如深海采水、采泥及船上实验等)这一目标。

海珠益肝胶囊对2215细胞乙肝病毒标志物的影响

目的 :应用 2 2 15细胞株作为体外抗乙型肝炎病毒的实验模型 ,研究益肝胶囊对乙肝病毒抗原(HBeAg)、表面抗原 (HBsAg)的抑制作用。方法 :通过细胞毒性实验以确定对细胞无毒性作用的最高药物浓度 ,直接加药物到细胞培养液中 ,分别采取第 4天、第 8天的细胞培养上清 ,用固相放射免疫方法测定其HB sAg、HBeAg含量。结果 :海珠益肝胶囊最大无毒浓度TCD <1.2 5mg/ml,海珠益肝胶囊有明显抑制HBsAg、HBeAg的作用 ,各浓度间存在量效关系 ,其中对HBeAg的作用优于对HBsAg的作用。结论 :海珠乙肝胶囊对 2 2 15细胞HBV标志物有显著的抑制作用。

Responses of Filtration Rate of Freshwater Mussel Anodonta woodiana to Ambient Ammonia Concentration

By using one static water system,the filtration rates of one kind of freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana with different body weight(accounted by dry weight of soft tissue)were studied under semi-field conditions.During the experiments,the water temperature and the suspended particulate matters concentration were kept relative invariable and there were four ambient ammonia concentration levels.The ambient water ammonia concentration was obtained by the excretion of the freshwater mussel and the accession of ...

某精神病专科医院检验科危急值制度应用分析

目的:分析精神病专科医危急值报告(包括实验室警戒浓度)临床应用情况,为持续改进危急值报告制度提供依据。方法:回顾性分析我院2019月1月〜2019年12月共计587例危急值的发生率和构成比。结果:2019年危急值的总体发生率为0.32%;危急值发生率前五位均为参照危急值报告制度管理的精神科药物实验室警戒浓度项目,分别是氯米帕明(36.84%)、氨磺必利(12.10%)、帕罗西汀(12.00%)、舒必利(6.02%)、西酞普兰(4.19%);危急值项目构成比前五位分别是白细胞计数(22.83%)、钾(19.42%)、肌红蛋白(17.38%)、葡萄糖(6.3%)和氯氮平(4.94%)。结论:精神病专科医院由于患者的特殊性以及精神科药物的副反应,应结合医院的规模、样本量、专科特色等情况,制定符合临床实际和实验室要求的危急值和实验室警戒浓度,做好危急值质量指标的统计和分析,定期评估危急值项目及报告限的适用性,不仅可以确保患者生命安全,减少医疗事故的发生,同时也是提升医院管理水平的一项重要措施。

Prediction of Distillation Column Performance by Computational Mass Transfer Method

A computational mass transfer model is proposed for predicting the concentration profile and Murphree efficiency of sieve tray distillation column. The proposed model is based on using modified c＇2 -εc＇ two equations formulation for closing the differential turbulent mass transfer equation with improvement by considering the vapor injected from the sieve hole to be three dimensional. The predicted concentration distributions by using proposed model were checked by experimental work conducted on a sieve tray simulator of 1.2 meters in diameter for desorbing the dissolved oxygen in the feed water by blowing air. The model predictions were confirmed by the experimental measurement. The validation of the proposed model was further tested by comparing the simulated result with the performance of an industrial scale sieve tray distillation column reported by Kunesh et al. for the stripping of toluene from its water solution. The predicted outlet concentration of each tray and the Murphree tray efficiencies under different operating conditions were in agreement with the published data. The simulated turbulent mass transfer diffusivity on each tray was within the range of the experimental result in the same sieve column reported by Cai et al. In addition, the prediction of the influence of sieve tray structure on the tray efficiency by using the proposed model was demonstrated.

Effects of different conditions on Pb^(2+) adsorption from soil by irrigation of sewage in South China

Pb2＋ adsorption onto a soil by irrigation of sewage in the Pearl River Delta of South China was examined as a function of the reaction time, solution pH, initial lead concentration, organic matter （humic acid） and competitive ions （Cu2＋）. The adsorption of Pb2＋ onto the soil was investigated on batch equilibrium adsorption experiments. Results show that the Pb2＋ adsorption on the soil is relatively rapid in the first 30 min and reaches equilibrium at 2 h, and the kinetics of the adsorption process on the soil is well characterized by the pseudo-second order reaction rate. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isothermal models are fit for the adsorption of Pb2＋ onto the soil, and the maximum amount of Pb2＋ adsorption （Qm） is 7.47 mg/g. The amount of Pb2＋ adsorption increases with increasing the pH at the range of 1.2-4.5 and reaches a plateau at the range of 4.5-12. The presence of humic acid in soil decreases the adsorption of Pb2＋ onto the soil at solution pH of 8 since the negatively charged humic acid with Pb2＋ is difficult to be adsorbed on the negatively charged soil surface. The adsorption of Pb2＋ onto the soil also decreases in the presence of Cu2＋ due to file competition adsorption between Pb2＋ and Cu2＋.

Effect of water on extractive desulfurization of fuel oils using ionic liquids： A COSMO-RS and experimental study

When evaluating ionic liquids （ILs） for extractive desulfurization （EDS） of fuel oils, the inevitable presence of water in the system may have a significant and in many cases strongly negative effect. However, few studies have considered this particular issue and a promoted water effect on EDS is scarcely reported. In this work, COSMO-RS was firstly employed to calculate the capacity and selectivity for EDS of various IL/H20 mixtures, which cover different IL characters and a wide water concentration range. Experiments were then conducted with a representative IL [C4MIM]IH2P04], whose stable and even promoted extraction performance with a small amount of water was suggested by COSMO-RS. Through analyses of the desulfurization ratio, the cross- solubility and the water content in the desulfurized fuel, the promoted effect of water within a certain range （〈 10 wt%） was experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, such effect of water was explained combining the viscosity, the solvent-solute interactions and the COSMO-RS based analysis.

Serum magnesium concentration in children with functional constipation treated with magnesium oxide

AIM:To determine whether hypermagnesemia recently reported in adult patients possibly develops in children with functional constipation taking daily magnesium oxide.METHODS:We enrolled 120 patients (57 male and 63 female) aged 1-14 years old (median:4.7 years) with functional constipation from 13 hospitals and two private clinics.All patients fulfilled the Rome Ⅲ criteria for functional constipation and were treated with daily oral magnesium oxide for at least 1 mo.The median treatment dose was 600 (500-800) mg/d.Patients were assessed by an interview and laboratory examination to determine possible hypermagnesemia.Serum magnesium concentration was also measured in sex-and agematched control subjects (n=38).RESULTS:In the constipation group,serum magnesium concentration [2.4 (2.3-2.5) mg/dL,median and interquartile range] was significantly greater than that of the control group [2.2 (2.0-2.2) mg/dL] (P < 0.001).The highest value was 3.2 mg/dL.Renal magnesium clearance was significantly increased in the constipation group.Serum magnesium concentration in the constipation group decreased significantly with age (P < 0.01).There was no significant correlation between the serum level of magnesium and the duration of treatment with magnesium oxide or the daily dose.None of the patients had side effects associated with hypermagnesemia.CONCLUSION:Serum magnesium concentration increased significantly,but not critically,after daily treatment with magnesium oxide in constipated children with normal renal function.

Experimental Study on Refinery Gas Desulfurization Using Gas-Liquid Membrane Contactor

Gas-liquid contactors equipped with polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） or polypropylene （PP） hydrophobic membranes were applied for removal of sulfur dioxide from refinery gas. Pure water, NaOH solution and MDEA were adopted as the absorbents. The performance of the two kinds of membranes for separation of SO2 was evaluated in terms of the concentration of absorbent solution, the concentration of SO2, and the feed flow rate. The efficiency for removal of SO2 increased with an increasing absorbent concentration. Upon increasing the concentration of SO2 and the feed flow rate, the desulfurization efficiency was decreased.

A contrast study on different gasifying agents of underground coal gasification at Huating Coal Mine

To optimize the technological parameter of underground coal gasification （UCG）, the experimental results of air gasification, air-steam gasification, oxygen-enrichment steam gasification, pure oxygen steam gasification and two-stage gasification were studied contrastively based on field trial at the Huating UCG project. The results indicate that the average low heat value of gas from air experiment is the lowest （4.1 MJ/Nm3） and the water gas from two-stage gasification experiment is the highest （10.72 MJ/Nm3）. The gas productivity of air gasification is the highest and the pure oxygen steam gasification is the lowest. The gasification efficiency of air gasification, air-steam gasification, oxygen-enriched steam gasification, pure oxygen steam gasification and two-stage gasification is listed in ascending order, ranging from 69.88% to 84.81%. Described a contract study on results of a field test using steam and various levels of oxygen enrichment of 21%, 32%, 42% and 100%. The results show that, with the increasing of O2 content in gasifying agents, the gas caloricity rises, and the optimal O2 concentration range to increase the gas caloricity is 30%-40%. Meanwhile, the consumption of O2 and steam increase, and the air consumption and steam decomposition efficiency fall.

Optimization and mechanism of surfactant accelerating leaching test

To solve the problem of slow leaching speed of copper,surfactant was added into lixivium as leaching agent in the experiment.Based on physical chemistry and seepage flow mechanics,the leaching mechanics of surfactant was analyzed.The solution surface tension and surfactant adsorbing on the surface of ore have a significant impact on the surface wetting effect.With leaching rate for response,the study screened out three main factors by Plackett-Burman design method:the sulfuric acid concentration,surfactant concentration and temperature.Among these three factors,the surfactant concentration is the most important contributor to leaching rate.After obtaining the experiment center by the steepest ascent experiment,a continuous variable surface model was built by response surface methodology.By solving quadratic polynomial equation,optimal conditions for leaching were finally obtained as follows:the sulfuric acid concentration was 60 g/L,the surfactant concentration was 0.00914 mol/L,and the temperature was 45 °C.The leaching rate was 66.81% in the optimized leaching conditions,which was close to the predicted value,showing that regression result was good.

Experimental study of enhancing coalbed methane recovery by carbon dioxide injection driving methane

In order to enhance coalbed methane recovery, taking a self-developed largecalesimulation system for the platform, a modeling experiment of driving CH_4 by CO_2 gasinjection was studied.The results of experiment indicates that there is a significant lag effectof adsorption and desorption on gas, the gas pressure is changed more rapidly in theprocess of carbon dioxide adsorption of coal than methane adsorption of coal; After theinjection of carbon dioxide, compare with methane single desorption.In an early stage,speed and amount of methane single desorption are greater than the speed and amountof displacement desorption, the speed and amount of displacement desorption becamegreater.In the process of replacement, CH_4 concentration constantly declined, while CO_2concentration constantly rose.In the process of CO_2 gas injection, the temperature of coalhave been significantly increased, it is more beneficial to make CH_4 gas molecules becomefree from the adsorbed state when temperature is increased.Under the pressurestep-down at the same rate, using the method of CO_2 driving CH_4, compared with themethod of conventional pressure step-down, the desorption rate of CH_4 in coal can beraised about 2.13 times, at the same time, a lot of greenhouse gas CO_2 will also be buriedin the ground, there is a very significant environmental benefit.

Absorption of Sulphur Dioxide with Sodium Citrate Buffer Solution in a Rotating Packed Bed

Absorption of SO2 from a SO2/air mixture with sodium citrate buffer solution was investigated using a rotating packed bed(RPB) in laboratory scale.The effects of operating parameters,such as the rotation speed of RPB,liquid-gas ratio,inlet gas flow rate,inlet concentration of SO2 in flue gas,sodium citrate buffer concentration and initial pH of absorption solution,on the SO2 concentration in the absorption solution or removal efficiency of SO2 were examined.Incremental rate of sulfate radical ions in the absorption solution was also examined.Experimental results indicate that the efficiency of this regenerative process will be improved by using RPB under appropriate operating conditions,and the generation of SO2-4 will be restrained in the process in RPB.